Daucus carota Pentane-Based Fractions Suppress Proliferation and Induce Apoptosis in Human Colon Adenocarcinoma HT-29 Cells by Inhibiting the MAPK and PI3K Pathways

Wassim N. Shebaby,K.B. Bodman-Smith,Anthony Mansour,Mohamad Mroueh,Robin I. Taleb,Mirvat El-Sibai,Costantine F. Daher 한국식품영양과학회 2015 Journal of medicinal food Vol.18 No.7

Daucus carota L. ssp. carota (Apiacea, wild carrot, Queen Anne’s lace) has been used in folk medicine throughout the world and recently was shown to possess anticancer and antioxidant activities. This study aims to determine the anticancer activity of the pentane fraction (F1) and the 1:1 pentane:diethyl ether fraction (F2) of the Daucus Carota oil extract (DCOE) against human colon adenocarcinoma cell lines (HT-29 and Caco-2). Treatment of cells with various concentrations of F1 or F2 fractions produced a dose-dependent inhibition of cell proliferation. Flow cytometric analysis indicated that both fractions induced sub-G1 phase accumulation and increased apoptotic cell death. Western blot revealed the activation of caspase-3, PARP cleavage, and a considerable increase in Bax and p53 levels, and a decrease in Bcl-2 level. Treatment of HT-29 cells with either fraction markedly decreased the levels of both phosphorylated Erk and Akt. Furthermore, the combined treatment of F1 or F2 with wortmannin showed no added inhibition of cell survival suggesting an effect of F1 or F2 through the phosphatidyl inositol 3-kinase (PI3K) pathway. This study proposes that DCOE fractions (F1 and F2) inhibit cell proliferation by inducing cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in HT-29 cells through the suppression of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK)/Erk and PI3K/Akt pathways.

Measurement of the ^(236)U(n, f) Cross Section at n_TOF

R. Sarmento,I. F. Goncalves,P. Vaz,M. Calviani,N. Colonna 한국물리학회 2011 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.59 No.23

A precise knowledge of the ^(236)U neutron-induced fission cross-section is required for the development of accelerator-driven systems and reactors based on the Th-U cycle. The evaluated data presently stored in the nuclear data libraries rely on outdated experimental measurements and show large discrepancies in the energy region between 1 keV and 100 keV. More recent measurements made at LANSCE and GELINA yielded results which are in disagreement with the literature for the resonance region and below 10 eV. In order to improve the present knowledge of the ^(236)U(n, f) cross-section, a new measurement was performed at the neutron Time-Of-Flight facility n_TOF at CERN. A Fast Ionization Chamber was used, in which four samples of ^(236)U and two of ^(235)U were mounted. The ^(236)U(n,f) cross-section was determined relative to the standard ^(235)U(n, f) reaction. The contribution from the ^(235)U contamination in the samples was subtracted, together with the alpha-particle background. Finally, the data were corrected for dead-time and detection efficiency. The n_TOF results on the ^(236)U(n, f) cross-section are reported in the neutron energy region from 200 meV to 2 MeV. The present high-resolution data point to several shortcomings in the current evaluated databases in the sub-threshold region. High accuracy cross-sections, important for applications to fast nuclear reactors as well as for fundamental Nuclear Physics, are also reported here.

Advanced Evaluation of ^(237)Np and ^(243)Am Neutron Data

V. M. Maslov,N. A. Tetereva,V. G. Pronyaev,T. Granier,F.-J. Hambsch 한국물리학회 2011 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.59 No.23

The diverse measured data base of n+^(237)Np is evaluated using a generalized least squares code and statistical theory of nuclear reactions. Consistent description of the total, fission and partial inelastic scattering data in 1 - 3 MeV energy range provides an important constraint for the absorption cross section. Important constraints for the measured capture cross section come from the average radiation S0 and S1 strength functions. An abrupt change of the inelastic data shape at En ∼ 1.5 MeV is explained by the sharp increase of the level density of the residual odd-even nuclide ^(237)Np due to the onset of three-quasi-particle excitations. The in fluence of exclusive (n, xnf) pre-fission neutrons on prompt fission neutron spectra and (n, xn) reactions spectra is modeled. Contributions of emissive/non-emissive fission and exclusive spectra of (n, xnf) reactions are defined by a consistent description of the ^(237)Np(n, F), ^(237)Np (n, 2n)^(236s)Np reactions and the ratio of the yields of short-lived isomer (1^-) and long-lived ground (6^-) ^(236)Np states measured at ∼14 MeV. The isomer ratio of the yields of short-lived ground (1^-) ^(242g)Am and long-lived isomer (5^-) ^(242m)Am states in ^(243)Am(n, 2n) reaction is calculated modeling the gamma-decay of the possible Gallaher-Moshkowski doublet states of ^(242) Am.

Matrimid-based carbon tubular membrane: Effect of carbonization environment

N. Sazali,W.N.W. Salleh,N.A.H.M. Nordin,A. F. ISMAIL 한국공업화학회 2015 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.32 No.-

Among gas separation materials, carbon membrane exhibits the most interesting performance in termsof selectivity, stability, and gas permeance. By controlling and optimizing carbonization environment,excellent gas separation performances can be achieved. In this study, tubular supported carbonmembrane was prepared using Matrimid as polymeric precursor. In order to produce high performancecarbon membrane, the effect of carbonization conditions on the gas permeation properties wasinvestigated. The polymer solution was coated on the surface of the tubular support by using dip-coatingmethod. Carbon membranes were fabricated by heat treatment process under controlled carbonizationenvironments; Ar or N2. Pure gas permeation tests were performed using CO2, CH4, and N2 at roomtemperature with pressure 8 bar. Based on the results, the highest CO2/CH4 and selectivity of 87.34 andCO2/N2 selectivity of 79.60 were obtained by carbon membrane carbonized under Ar gas. Despite thehigher carbonization temperature, the carbonization under Ar created more permeable pores ascompared to N2 environment.

Determination of N* amplitudes from associated strangeness production in p+p collisions

Mü,nzer, R.,Fabbietti, L.,Epple, E.,Lu, S.,Klose, P.,Hauenstein, F.,Herrmann, N.,Grzonka, D.,Leifels, Y.,Maggiora, M.,Pleiner, D.,Ramstein, B.,Ritman, J.,Roderburg, E.,Salabura, P.,Sarantsev, A.,B North-Holland Pub. Co 2018 Physics letters. Section B Vol.785 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>We present the first determination of the energy-dependent amplitudes of N<SUP>⁎</SUP> resonances extracted from their decay in KΛ pairs in p+p → <SUP> pK + </SUP> Λ reactions. A combined Partial Wave Analysis of seven data samples with exclusively reconstructed p+p → <SUP> pK + </SUP> Λ events measured by the COSY-TOF, DISTO, FOPI and HADES Collaborations in fixed target experiments at kinetic energies between 2.14 to 3.5 GeV is used to determine the amplitude of the resonant and non-resonant contributions into the associated strangeness final state. The contribution of seven N<SUP>⁎</SUP> resonances with masses between 1650 MeV/c<SUP>2</SUP> and 1900 MeV/c<SUP>2</SUP> for an excess energy between 0 and 600 MeV has been considered. The Σ–p cusp and final state interactions for the p–Λ channel are also included as coherent contributions in the PWA. The N<SUP>⁎</SUP> contribution is found to be dominant with respect to the phase space emission of the pK Λ + final state at all energies demonstrating the important role played by both N<SUP>⁎</SUP> and interference effects in hadron–hadron collisions.</P>

Organic nonvolatile memory devices utilizing intrinsic charge-trapping phenomena in an n-type polymer semiconductor

Murari, N.M.,Hwang, Y.J.,Kim, F.S.,Jenekhe, S.A. Elsevier Science 2016 ORGANIC ELECTRONICS Vol.31 No.-

<P>Charge trapping is an undesirable phenomenon and a common challenge in the operation of n-channel organic field-effect transistors. Herein, we exploit charge trapping in an n-type semiconducting poly (naphthalene diimide-alt-biselenophene) (PNDIBS) as the key operational mechanism to develop high performance, nonvolatile, electronic memory devices. The PNDIBS-based field-effect transistor memory devices were programmed at 60 V and they showed excellent charge-trapping and de-trapping characteristics, which could be cycled more than 200 times with a current ratio of 10(3) between the two binary states. Programmed data could be retained for 10(3) s with a memory window of 28 V. This is a record performance for n-channel organic transistor with inherent charge-trapping capability without using external charge trapping agents. However, the memory device performance was greatly reduced, as expected, when the n-type polymer semiconductor was end-capped with phenyl groups to reduce the trap density. These results show that the trap density of n-type semiconducting polymers could be engineered to control the inherent charge-trapping capability and device performance for developing high-performance low-cost memory devices. (c) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.</P>

In vitro gas and methane production of some common feedstuffs used for dairy rations in Vietnam and Thailand

Huyen N. T. D.,Schonewille J. Th.,Pellikaan W. F.,Trach N. X.,Hendriks W. H. 아세아·태평양축산학회 2024 Animal Bioscience Vol.37 No.3

Objective: This study determined fermentation characteristics of commonly used feedstuffs, especially tropical roughages, for dairy cattle in Southeast Asia. This information is considered relevant in the context of the observed low milk fat content and milk production in Southeast Asia countries.Methods: A total of 29 feedstuffs commonly used for dairy cattle in Vietnam and Thailand were chemically analysed and subjected to an <i>in vitro</i> gas production (GP) test. For 72 h, GP was continuously recorded with fully automated equipment and methane (CH₄) was measured at 0, 3, 6, 9, 12, 24, 30, 36, 48, 60, and 72 h of incubation. A triphasic, nonlinear, regression procedure was applied to analyse GP profiles while a monophasic model was used to obtain kinetics related to CH₄ production.Results: King grass and VA06 showed a high asymptotic GP related to the soluble- and non-soluble fractions (i.e. A1 and A2, respectively) and had the highest acetate to propionate ratio in the incubation fluid. The proportion of CH₄ produced (% of GP at 72 h) was found to be not different (p>0.05) between the various grasses. Among the selected preserved roughages (n = 6) and whole crops (n = 4), sorghum was found to produce the greatest amount of gas in combination with a relatively low CH4 production.Conclusion: Grasses belonging to the genus <i>Pennisetum</i>, and whole crop sorghum can be considered as suitable ingredients to formulate dairy rations to enhance milk fat content in Vietnam/Thailand.

Effect of the Ratio of Non-fibrous Carbohydrates to Neutral Detergent Fiber and Protein Structure on Intake, Digestibility, Rumen Fermentation, and Nitrogen Metabolism in Lambs

Ma, T.,Tu, Y.,Zhang, N.F.,Deng, K.D.,Diao, Q.Y. Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2015 Animal Bioscience Vol.28 No.10

This study aimed to investigate the effect of the ratio of non-fibrous carbohydrates to neutral detergent fibre (NFC/NDF) and undegraded dietary protein (UDP) on rumen fermentation and nitrogen metabolism in lambs. Four $Dorper{\times}thin-tailed$ Han crossbred lambs, averaging $62.3{\pm}1.9kg$ of body weight and 10 mo of age, were randomly assigned to four dietary treatments of combinations of two levels of NFC/NDF (1.0 and 1.7) and two levels of UDP (35% and 50% of crude protein [CP]). Duodenal nutrient flows were measured with dual markers of Yb and Co, and microbial N (MN) synthesis was estimated using $^{15}N$. High UDP decreased organic matter (OM) intake (p = 0.002) and CP intake (p = 0.005). Ruminal pH (p<0.001), ammonia nitrogen ($NH_3-N$; p = 0.008), and total volatile fatty acids (p<0.001) were affected by dietary NFC/NDF. The ruminal concentration of $NH_3-N$ was also affected by UDP (p<0.001). The duodenal flow of total MN (p = 0.007) was greater for lambs fed the high NFC/NDF diet. The amount of metabolisable N increased with increasing dietary NFC:NDF (p = 0.02) or UDP (p = 0.04). In conclusion, the diets with high NFC/NDF (1.7) and UDP (50% of CP) improved metabolisable N supply to lambs.

Studies of Radiation-Induced Defects in Li2SiO3:Sm Phosphor Material

Singh, N.,Singh, V.,Watanabe, S.,Gundu Rao, T. K.,Chubaci, J. F.,Cano, N. F.,Pathak, M. S.,Singh, P. K.,Dhoble, S. J. Springer Science + Business Media 2017 Journal of electronic materials Vol.46 No.1

<P>Li2SiO3:Sm was synthesized by the solution combustion method. Powder x-ray diffraction technique was used to find the phase formation. Li2SiO3:Sm exhibits thermoluminescence (TL) peaks at approximately 140 degrees C, 155 degrees C, 190 degrees C, 250 degrees C, and 405 degrees C. Three defect centers contribute to the observed electron spin resonance spectrum from the gamma irradiated phosphor. Center I with principal g-values g(parallel to) = 2.0206 and g(perpendicular to) = 2.0028 is identified as an O-2(-) ion while center II, with an isotropic g-factor 2.0039, is assigned to an F+-type center. Center III is assigned to a Ti3+ center. The Ti3+ center is related to the 250 degrees C TL peak while the O-2(-) ion also correlates with the main TL peak at 250 degrees C. An additional defect center is observed during thermal annealing experiments, and the center (assigned to F+ center) seems to originate from an F center. The F center appears to be associated with the high temperature TL peak in a Li2SiO3: Sm phosphor. The luminescence spectrum reveals the dominant emission peaks at 605 ((4)G(5/2) -> H-6(7/2)) nm under the excitation wavelength of 402 nm.</P>

Role of Berberis lycium in Reducing Serum Cholesterol in Broilers

Chand, N.,Durrani, F.R.,Qureshi, M.S.,Durrani, Z. Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2007 Animal Bioscience Vol.20 No.4

This study was planned to investigate the role of Berberis lycium in reducing serum cholesterol in broilers. Six experimental rations designated as A, B, C, D, E and F having 0, 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0 and 2.5% Berberis lycium were fed to 240 broiler chicks, randomly distributed into 24 replicates, so as to have 4 replicates per group and 10 chicks per replicate. The experiment lasted for 35 days. Average serum total cholesterol, triglyceride, high density lipoprotein (HDL) and low density lipoprotein (LDL) were used as criteria of response. Average total serum cholesterol per chick was 129.33, 120.50, 116.50, 113.00, 101.67 and 114.00 mg/dl for group A, B, C, D, E and F respectively. Total serum cholesterol showed decreasing trend with the increasing level of Berberis lycium unto 2% (p<0.05). Mean serum triglyceride level per chick was 60.00, 58.17, 58.00, 55.33, 50.17 and 48.50 mg/dl for group A, B, C, D, E and F respectively. Mean serum triglyceride showed decreasing trend with the increasing level of Berberis lycium (p<0.05). Serum triglyceride was significantly lower in group F than other groups. Mean HDL per chick for the six experimental groups A, B, C, D, E and F was 52.08, 53.42, 60.42, 62.25, 62.92 and 54.50 mg/dl respectively. HDL showed increasing trend with the increase in the level of Berberis lycium unto 2%. The average serum LDL per chick was 65.25, 55.45, 44.48, 39.68, 28.72 and 49.80 mg/dl for group A, B, C, D, E and F respectively. LDL also showed decreasing trend with the increase in the level of Berberis lycium unto 2% (p<0.05). It was concluded that Berberis lycium added to feed at the rate of 2.0% can be used in broiler feed for reducing serum total cholesterol, triglyceride and LDL and increasing HDL.