高麗 明宗代의 정치와 內侍

金載名(Kim, Jae-Myoung) 한국사학회 2010 史學硏究 Vol.- No.99

武人政變으로 명종이 즉위하면서 내시 구성에도 큰 변화가 생겼다. 어느 때보다도 새로운 인물이 대거 내시로 등용되었기 때문이다. 하지만 왕과 교분이 두터운 側近 출신은 많지 않았으며, 무반으로 내시가 된 예도 거의 없었다. 대신 親武臣的인 성향의 文臣이 다수 내시로 선임되었다. 이런 가운데 명종 3년 일부 문반 출신의 내시가 反武臣亂인 金甫當의 亂에 가담한 사건이 발생했다. 이에 집권 무신은 이들을 대신해 문반 관직을 겸임한 무신을 내시로 등용하는 방안을 적극 모색하였다. 李義方의 아우인 李隣이 그 시초였다. 그러는 한편 학문이 뛰어난 문신의 등용도 계속하였다. 직무수행의 효율성을 위해서는 어쩔 수 없었다. 그 결과 내시의 수는 한때 정원을 초과할 정도로 크게 늘어났다. 그리고 이 무렵 왕은 통치력을 거의 상실했다. 兵權은 물론 人事權과 刑罰權도 제대로 행사하지 못했다. 심지어 왕을 近侍하는 내시의 임면조차 집권 무신의 뜻에 따라 행해지는 경우가 허다했다. 이에 따라 왕보다 權臣에게 충성하는 내시가 훨씬 많아졌다. 이런 현상은 慶大升執權期까지 계속되었다. 그러다 명종 14년 李義旼의 집권을 계기로 상황이 달라지기 시작하였다. 財政權과 人事權을 중심으로 왕의 통치력이 상당 수준 회복된 것이다.내시를 비롯한 측근과 宗親?小君, 그리고 일부 朝官의 지지와 도움이 컸다. 이에 따라 내시의 구성과 성격에도 변화가 일어났다. 親王的 內侍의 수가 크게 늘어났고, 내시 구성도 그간의 親武臣 위주의 틀에서 벗어나 양자가 균형을 이루었다. 명종 말에 崔忠獻이 무더기로 내시를 축출하고 국왕마저 폐위한 것은 바로 이런 이유에서였다. 내시를 비롯한 측근세력의 도움으로 명종의 통치력이 상당히 회복되었던 만큼 권력기반을 확고히 하기 위해서는 이의민뿐 아니라 이들 모두를 제거하지 않을 수 없었던 것이다. 이런 면에서 최충헌의 집권은 단순한 무인집정자의 교체가 아니라 복고되어 가던 왕정체제를 재차 붕괴시킨 또 하나의 武人政變이었다고 할 수 있다. The organization of Nasi changed a lot after king Myoung-jong came to the throne with military revolution. A lot of new officials were picked for Nasis than before. However, there were not lots of surroundings of the king, and it was rare for military officials to be Nasis. Meanwhile, civil officials who kept friendly relationship with military ones were nominated to Nasis. In the 3rd year of Myoung-jong, some Nasis from civil officials took part in Kim Bo-dang"s(金甫當) rebellion which was against military revolution. So military rulers actively drew up a plan of nominating military officials who could play a role of civil officials at the same time, instead of taking Nasis from civil officials. Lee Ryn(李隣), Lee E?i-bang"s(李義方) brother, was the first man whose brother was the most powerful ruler. On the other hand, the government continued to appoint competent civil officials to Nasis for a high degree of efficiency. As a result, the number of Nasis increased a lot enough to exceed the fixed number of people. By this time, king almost lost his ruling power; He couldn"t control properly the authority of human, and the power of punishment and amnesty as well as his military power. As well, he could not help following the military rulers" decision even when it comes to the matter of appointing Nasis who had to support him. So it happened that many Nasis were loyal to military rulers who had strong power, not to the king. It continued to the period of Gyoung Dae-seung"s(慶大升) military rule. Therefore, in the 14th year of Myoung-jong, the political situation began to change with Lee E?i-min"s(李義旼) military rule. King"s power was recoverd around finance and personnel administration significantly. The king"s surroundings including Nasis, Royal families, sons of King"s concubine, and some civil officials made it possible. And it caused to change the organization and political character of Nasis. The number of Nasis who kept friendly relationship with the king increased a lot. And the organization of Nasis started to keep new balance breaking the frame that was composed of members who were co-operative to military rulers. For this reason, Choi Chung-hyeon(崔忠獻) expelled a lot of Nasis who were close to the king and took the crown from the king. He had to remove not only the military ruler, Lee E?i-min, but also king Myoung-jong and the king"s helpers to confirm the basis of political power, because king Myoung-jong had already recovered his ruling power a lot with the help of Nasis. From this point of view, we can say Choi Chung-hyeon"s rule the second military revolution that collapsed again the restoration of the royal regime, not simple military ruler"s exchange.

소규모 축산폐수 처리를 위한 RBC/AFBR 공정의 Package화

임재명,권재혁,류재근 江原大學校 附設 環境硏究所 1996 環境硏究 Vol.13 No.-

Using rotating biological contactor(RBC) with artificial endofleneus stage and aerobic fixed biofilm reactor(AFBR), organic material removal and biological nitrification of piggery wastewater has been studied at a pilot plant RBC was operated in the endogenous phase at a interval of every 25 days, The concentration of COD, BOO and TKN in influent wastewater were from 2,940 to 3,800 ㎎/L, from 1,190 to 1,850 ㎎/L and from 486 to 754 ㎎/L respectively, The maximum active biomass content represented as VSS per unit aera was 2.0㎎/㎠ and biofilm dry density of 17 ㎎/㎤ was observed at biofilm thickness of 900 ㎛. It was observed that the pilot scale RBC/AFBR process exhibited 72 percentage to 93 percentage of BOD removal, In order to obtain more than 90 percentage of BOD removal, the organic loading rate to the RBC/AFBR Process should be maintained less than 0,09 ㎥/㎡. day(125,9 gBOD/㎥.d), The TKN removal efficiencies was from 455 to 90,9 Percentage according to vary influent loading rate, It was estimated that the RBC/AFER Process consumed approximately 6,2 ㎎/L(as CaCO_(3) ) of alkalinity per 1 ㎎/L a of N_(3)-N oxidized as the nitrification took piace.

자기 센서를 이용한 자율주행 차량의 경로인식 시스템

김명준,김의선,손석준,오승열,류영재,임영철 경북대학교 센서기술연구소 2002 센서技術學術大會論文集 Vol.13 No.1

고압하에서 순수한 산소에 노출된 백서폐장의 병리조직학적 연구

강명재,이인기 공군본부 의무감실 1991 항공의학 Vol.39 No.1-2

연소반응 합성된 TiC 분말 소결체의 미세구조에 미치는 금속 Binder 영향

김명진,박민우,전재호,한유동 慶星大學校 1998 論文集 Vol.19 No.2

TiC cermets werefabricated by sintering of TiC and metal powders produced by self propagating high temperature systhesis (SHS). A total of five different cermet systems were studied. These are TiC-Ni, TiC-Co, TiC-Fe, TiC-Al and TiC-Cu. Powders of Ti, C, and metals (Ni, Co, Fe, Cu, Al) were first reacted to form TiC carbide in the matrix of each metal by SHS. The reaction products were crushed into fine powders, which were subsequently sintered at high temperatures either in hydrogen atmosphere or in vacuum for over 1 hours. The mocrosturctural evolution of the cermets was studied including carbide particle size and shape, growth of particles, and density of sintered body. The effects of different binder metals on the mocrosturctures of the cermets are discussed.

Rhinocerebral Mucormycosis 2예

오명돈,최강원,김병국,김재중,이홍규,김상윤 대한감염학회 1986 감염 Vol.18 No.2

Mucormycosis is an acute suppurative opportunistic mycosis that produce predominantly rhinocerebral disease in patient with diabetic ketoacidosis and immunosuppressed patient. We experienced two cases of rhinocerebral mucormycosis recently. The one occurred in patient with diabetic ketoacidosis and the other in acute leukemia. They showed nasal discharge, orbital cellulitis and proptosis. Their condition rapidly deteriorated. Biopsy from palate and sinus revealed broad, nonseptate, right-angled branching hyphae, a finding compatible with mucormycosis.

질편모충(Trichomonas vaginalis)의 시험관내에서의 용혈능

안명희,류재숙,홍택원,민득영 한양대학교 의과대학 1995 한양의대 학술지 Vol.15 No.2

To evaluate the hemolytic activity of T. vagindlis from Korean women and fresh human RBC of A type were nsed for hemolytic assay. RBC(1×10 /ml) was added to RPMI-TPS media(RPMI 1840:TPS-1= 20 : 1) containing T. vaginalis(2×10 ) and incubated at 37℃, 5% CO₂incubator for 6hr and hemolysis was measured by spectrophotometer at 412m. We investigated the parasite to erythrocyte ratio and lemperature needed for hemotysis. Optimal erythrocyte lysis by T. vaginalis was achieved at ratio of 1 : 5 and optimol temperature 37℃. Minimal hemolytic activity was detected in lysates of T. vaginalis. No hemolysis occured when a membrane a 3㎛ pore size was nsed to prevent contact between parasites and erythrocytes. These data suggest a need for contact for trichomonol hemolysis. Hemolytic activity did not correlated with the production of subcutaneous abscess in mice.

돈사폐수 처리를 위한 AFBG/ANHBR 공정의 Package화

임재명,권재혁,한동준 江原大學校 附設 環境硏究所 1996 環境硏究 Vol.13 No.-

This study was performed for package of piggery wastewater treatment system, inquired into component of organic matter and biodegradable characteristics in piggery wastewater and extracted removal efficiencies and operating conditions of aerobic fixed biofilm reactor/anoxic fixed biofilm re-actor(AFBR/ANFBR) process with Sun Lock (S/L.™) media, The component characteistics of or-ganic matter in piggery wastewater include 60 percentage of readily biodegradable COD, 25 percent-age of non-biodegradable COD and producted inert material by metabolism of m icroorganisms. In order to reduced sludge production rate and aggravation of water quality, endogenous respiration phase was accepted at first AFBR reactor. As a results of this operating condition, sludge production was minimized and removal efficiency was maintained stability. In order to obtain more than 90 percentage of BOD removal in AFBR/AHFBR process, the sur-face loading rate and volumetric loading rate to the AFBR should be maintained less than 17g BOD/㎡· day and 1.7 kg BOD/㎡· day respectively. Under this condition, BOD removal efficiencies of first AFBR, ANFBR and last AFBR exhibited above 80 percentage, 17 percentage and 40 per-centage, respectively. The removal efficiency of TKN and NHf-h at the loading rates below 5.60 gNH,-N/㎡ · day and 0.56 kg NH_(3)-N/㎥ ·day f·ere above 76 percentage and 82 percentage,respectively.

多點 피토관 流量計의 流量係數 測定에 관한 실험적 연구

임재명,윤복현 木浦大學校 工業技術硏究所 2000 工業技術硏究誌 Vol.10 No.-

The performance of multi-point Pitot tube flow-meter with diamond shape depending on the combination of upstream double elbows was experimentally studied. Actual flow-rates were measured by using ISA 1932 nozzles which are all standard flow-meters. Based on the measured flow-rates the flow coefficients of the multi-point flow-meter could be obtained. The flow coefficients calculated with all the front four holes open agree very well with those calculated by means of the average coefficient for the all holes. Furthermore, the flow coefficients were quite indifferent to Reynolds number variation for the region of ReD> 5.5×104. It is mostly due to the fact that the straightener installed upstream makes the flow more stable and straight than the case without the straightener ahead of the test section.

마이크로스트립 슬롯배열 안테나의 이론 및 실험적 연구

홍재표,윤명한,조영기,손현 경북대학교 공과대학 1987 工大硏究誌 Vol.16 No.-

The analysis of microstrip slot antenna fed by a strip transmission line can be obtained by applying transmission line theory with a discontinuity by the slot. To minimize reactance components of the slot, a p oper stripline length is selceted by measuring transmission coefficient. The array pattern is obtained by multiplication array factor to the element pattern and compared with the experimental results. m r