스트레스와 면역반응에 대한 국내 논문분석

채영란,김금순,최명애,안경애,김명애,서순림,홍해숙,정재심,박금화,이성희 대한기초간호자연과학회 2002 Journal of korean biological nursing science Vol.4 No.2

This study was aimed to analyze the variables measuring stress and imnnune responses, to identify the relationship between stress and imnnune responses, and to find out the effect of nursing interventions associated with stress and immune responses by reviewing thirty-four published articles since 1970 in Korea. The articles were selected in the field of nursing, stress management, and masters or doctoral dissertations and limited to human subject. Among these, the thirty-one articles were published since 1996 and mainly distributed in nursing(44.1%) and medicine(44.1%). The prevailing research design was nonequivalent control pre-post experimental design (41.1%). The research subjects were 55.9% for patients and 44.1% for healthy general persons including 20.6% of university students. To evaluate stress, both physiologic and psychosocial measures were adapted together in 35.3% of the articles. The most frequent two variables measuring stress and immune response were cortisol leve1(15.9%) and number or activity of natural killer ce11(25.9%). The relation between stress and immune responses was positive in 4 articles, negative in 9 cases, and none in 12 cases. Decreased stress and enhanced immune function have been found when massage, abdominal breathing, exercise, relaxation, and touch were provided as nursing interventions. The articles to investigate the relationship between stress and immune function were limited and the tested variables were diverse. Also there was no consistent evidence to correlate the stress and immune function at present. Further studies are needed to construct a valid research design and to investigate the relationship between stress and immune responses. Nursing interventions to decrease stress should be developed to result in the increased immune function and the effect of these interventions would be verified.

운동부하검사로 유발된 여성의 협심통증에 대한 예비연구

최명애,안경애,추진아,최윤식 대한기초간호자연과학회 2002 Journal of korean biological nursing science Vol.4 No.2

Purpose : Women have been often underdiagnosed and undertreated when they have as high mortality as men of ischemic heart disease, such as angina. One of the reason of women's under treatment is associated with either vague, non-traditional symptoms or longer delay in seeking professional help when they experience ischemic heart disease. This study was conducted to investigate the characteristics of women's anginal pain induced by the treadmill test and to explore the potential relationship(s) between anginal pain and other psycho-physiologic factors. Method : Of 22 female patients referred to treadmill test, 7 with positive finding participated in this study. Anginal pain in the past was analyzed by Rose questionnaire, whereas anginal pain induced by the treadmill test was identified by McGill pain scale, visual analogue scale and present pain index. Results : Women expressed more heaviness than sharp pain, and complained splitting more often than subjects in previous study that included both men and women. Pain intensity by VAS 3.64±3.94, Pain rating index was 5.14±7.29, present pain index was 1.57±1.81, duration of pain was 5.14±4.8 min. Exercise intensity was 6.0±4.63 METs, exercise duration was 364.29±141.39 sec, ST change was -2.0mm and rate of perceived exertion was 16.29±2.06. The relationships between pain intensity and pain duration, ST segment changes were significant. Correlation among pain measures was significant. Conclusion : Generalization of these pilot findings may be inappropriate, and therefore, further larger study is needed.

여자 기성복 치수에 관한 연구 : 이태리 여자 기성복치수에 대해서 A case of the Italian Women's Ready-to-Wear size

朴明愛 慶一大學校 1992 論文集 Vol.8 No.1

The purpose of this study was to present the table of women's ready-to-wear sizes which are being used in Italy as positive data, and analyze the numerical formula of data in the table, and to furnish data for an accurate developement of slopers and a rational classification of sizes. A standard body figure was used in the study. The results of the study were as follows ; ① The basic items of siza table were the height and the chest circumference. ② The indications of size classification were based on even number value measurement of chest girth circumference. ③ The chest girth was used as a determinant factor of bust girth, waist girth, hip girth, chest width, back width, and arm diameter. And each item's numerical formula was based on the chest girth. ④ The height was used as a determinant factor of back waist length, front waist length, hip length, one-piece length, Jacket length, sleeve length, skirt length, slacks length, and crotch length. ⑤ By using of a desirable body proportion division, each length item was numerically formularized as division into eight parts numerical value.

주기적인 운동이 뒷다리 부유에 의해 유발된 쥐의 뒷다리근 위축경감에 미치는 영향

최명애,신기수 대한기초간호자연과학회 1999 Journal of korean biological nursing science Vol.1 No.1

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of periodic low-intensity exercise during hindlimb suspension on the mass, relative weight, myofibrillar protein content in soleus, plantaris and gastrocnemius muscles. To examine the effectiveness of periodic low-intensity exercise on mass, and myofibrillar protein content of hindlimb muscles, adult female Wistar rats were suspended(HS) and half of these rats walked on a treadmill for 45min/day(15 min every 4h) at 5m/min and a 15˚ grade(HS-EX). Soleus wet weight was 33.51% significantly smaller(p<0.005) and relative soleus weight of hindlimb suspended rats was 31.96% smaller(p<0.005) compared with those of control rats following seven days of hindlimb suspension. Plantaris wet weight was 7.5% smaller(p<0.01) and relative plantaris weight was 11.83% smaller(p<0.05) compared with those of control rats following seven days of hindlimb suspension. Gastrocnemius wet weight was 11.31% significantly smaller(p<0.005) and relative gastrocnemius weight was 17.13% significantly smaller(p<0.005) compared with those of control rats following seven days of hindlimb suspension. Soleus wet weight while increased by relative soleus weight increased by 25.13%, 27.59% each through periodic low intensity exercise during hindlimb suspension(p<0.05, p<0.05). Plantaris wet weight and relative plantaris weight increased by 1.04%, 10.98%(p<0.05) each, and gastrocnemius wet weight and relative gastrocnemius weight increased by 1.98%, 12.02%(p<0.05) each through periodic low intensity exercise during hindlimb suspension. Wet weight of soleus, plantaris and gastrocnemius in HS-EX rats did not recover to control level. Myofibrillar protein content of soleus, plantaris and gastrocnemius was 48.24%, 40.85% and 37.33% significantly smaller(p<0.005) respectively compared with those of control rats following seven days of hindlimb suspension. Myofibrillar protein content of soleus, plantaris and gastrocnemius increased by 40.68%, 25.07% and 17.93%(p<0.005) each through periodic low intensity exercise during hindlimb suspension. Myofibrillar protein content of soleus, plantaris, and gastrocnemius in HS-EX rats did not recover to control level. The results suggest that periodic low intensity exercise can attenuate hindlimb muscle atrophy induced by hindlimb suspension.

기초간호자연과학의 인체구조와 기능 내용별 필요도에 대한 연구

최명애,변영순,서영숙,황애란,김희승,홍해숙,박미정,최스미,이경숙,서화숙,신기수 대한기초간호자연과학회 1999 Journal of korean biological nursing science Vol.1 No.1

The purpose of this study was to define the content of requisite human structure and function knowledge needed for clinical knowledge of nursing practice. Subjects of human structure and function were divided into 10 units, and each unit was further divided into 21 subunits, resulting in a total of 90 items. Contents of knowledge of human structure and function were constructed from syllabus of basic nursing subjects in 4 college of nursing, and textbooks published by nurse scholars prepared with basic nursing sciences. The degree of need of 90 items was measured with a 4 point scale. The subjects of this study were college graduated 136 nurses from seven university hospitals in Seoul and three university hospitals located in Chonnam Province, Kyungbook Province, and Inchon. They have been working at internal medicine ward, surgical ward, intensive care unit, obstetrics and gynecology ward, pediatrics ward, opthalmology ward, ear, nose, and throat ward, emergency room, rehabilitation ward, cancer ward, hospice ward, and their working period was mostly under 5 years. The results were as follows : 1. The highest scored items of human structure and function knowledge necessary for nursing practice were electrolyte balance, blood clotting mechanism and anticoagulation mechanism, hematopoietic function, body fluid balance, function of plasma, and anatomical terminology in the order of importance. The lowest scored items of human structure and function knowledge necessary for nursing practice was sexual factors of genetic mutation. 2. The highest order of need according to unit was membrane transport in the living unit, anatomical terminology in movement and exercise unit, mechanism of hormone function in regulation and integration unit, component and function of blood in oxygenation function unit, structure and function of digestive system in digestive and energy metabolism unit, temperature regulation in temperature regulation unit electrolyte balance in body fluid and electrolyte unit, concept of immunity in body resistance unit, and genetics terminology in genetics unit. The highest order of importance according to subunit was membrane transportation in cell subunit, classification of tissues in tissue unit, function of skin and skin in skin subunit, anatomical derivatives of the skeleton subunit, classification of joints in joint subunit, an effect of exercise on muscles in muscle subunit, function of brain in nervous system subunit, special sense in sensory subunit mechanism of hormone function in endocrine subunit, structure and function of female reproductive system in reproductive system unit, structure and function of blood in blood unit, structure of heart, electrical and mechanical function in cardiovascular system unit, structure of respiratory system in respiratory system subunit, structure and function of digestive system in digestive system subunit, hormonal regulation of metabolism in nutrition and metabolism subunit, function of kidney in urologic system subunit, electolyte balance in body fluid, electolyte and acid-base balance subunit. 3. The common content of human structure and function knowledge need for all clinical areas in nursing was structure and function of blood, hematopoietic function, function of plasm, coagulation mechanism and anticoagulation mechanism, body fluid, electrolyte balance, and acid-base balance. However, the degree of need of each human structure and function knowledge was different depending on clinical areas. 4. Significant differences in human structure and function knowledge necessary for nursing practice such as skin and derivatives of the skin, growth and development of bone, classification of joint, classification of muscle, structure of muscle, function of muscle, function of spinal cord, peripheral nerve, structure and function of pancrease, component and function of blood, function of plasma, structure and function of blood, hemodynamics, respiratory dynamics, gas transport, regulation of respiration, chemical digestion of foods, absorption of foods, characteristics of nutrients, metabolism and hormonal regulation, body energy balance were demonstrated according to the duration of work. 5. Significant differences in human structure and function knowledge necessary for nursing practice such as classification of tissue, classification of muscles, function of muscles, muscle metabolism, classification of skeletal muscles, classification of nervous system, neurotransmitters, mechanism of hormone function, pituitary and pituitary hormone, structure and function of male reproductive organ, structure and function of female reproductive organ, component and function of blood, function of plasma, coagulation mechanism and anticoagulation mechanism, gas exchange, gas transport, regulation of respiration, characteristics of nutrients, energy balance, function of kidney, concept of immunity, classification and function of immunity were shown according to the work area. Based on these findings, all the 90 items constructed by Korean Academic Society of Basic Nursing Science should be included as contents of human structure and function knowledge.

당뇨병 환아의 당뇨캠프 프로그램 종료후 시간경과에 따른 우울,자기효능감,자기존중감의 변화

최명애,유주화,한경자,안혜영 서울대학교 간호대학 간호과학연구소 1999 간호학 논문집 Vol.13 No.1

The purpose of this study was to explore the effect of diabetic camp program on depression, self-efficacy and self-esteem of the juvenile diabetic patients who had participated diabetic camp program at Seoul and Kyung In area from August 5 to August 9, 1995. It was compared the change of depression, self efficacy and self-esteem right after participating the program, 6 and 12 month. Nursing staffs explained them how to respond to the questionnaire of depression, self-efficacy and self-esteem. The questionnaire of depression, self-efficacy and self-esteem was especially developed by both dibetes mellitus nurse specialist and pediatric nursing progessors for this study. Elementary school students are asked to response yes or no questionnarie. We asked the 5 lidert scale questionnaire for the both middle and high school students. Paired t-test was used to compare the difference right after the diabetic camp program, 6 and 12 month. Depression decreased right after participating the program, while self-esteem increased significantly following the program in elementary school students. And after the camp, there was o change in depression and self-esteem scores 6 and 12 month. There was no change in self-esteem and self-efficacy right after the camp, 6 and 12 month in middle and high school students. The result suggests that diabetic camp program could be the effective way to decrease depression and to increase self-efficacy and self-esteem, which has continued effect of diabetic camp program on depression, self-efficacy and self-esteem after 6 and 12 onth of the diabetic camp.

장애인 통합체육에 관한 생활체육지도자의 태도 연구

장명재,조영록,장완성,이애리 경희대학교 체육대학 한국체육과학연구소 2002 體育學論文集 Vol.30 No.-

Necessity of integration education is emphasized by link of disabled persons' right elevation. In the present study, physical director's attitude about integration education was investigated via questionnaire. Seoul and Kyung-gi do area's 424 physical directors participated in this study. Got following conclusion as result that analyze in physical director's individuation and effect of attitude, value, preparation, synthetic aspect. Physical director's attitude about integration education is affirmative comparatively. Distinction of sex, special physical education class taking a course, service experience, disabled student education experience, education satisfaction did not influence in physical director's behavior. This is displaying that much difficulties are in realistic aspect supporting integration education enforcement basically. Teachers who much disabled student education experiences and/or more than graduate school feel bigger burden. These results may become help to find direction to increase professionalism about disabled person integration education forward.

홍삼분말이 첨가된 포장약과의 품질과 저정성

현지수,김명애 생활과학연구소 2005 생활과학연구 Vol.10 No.-

The objective of this study was to clarify the effect of addition of green tea powder(0%, 2%, 4%, 6%, 8%)each to Yackwa on quality and preservation under wrap condition. Addition of 4% red ginseng powder turned out to give positive effect on expansion. In the test of color, L and b value were increased when red ginseng powder was added. At the test of physical characters, addition of red ginseng powder had a tendency to enhance hardness, but cohessivness, springness,, gumminess to lower. At the sensory test, surface color, bitterness and red ginseng odor were strong when red ginseng powder was added, whereas oily taste, crispness, softness and overall preference weak. Therefore, 4% addition of red ginseng powder would be the useful method to enhance quality and preference of Yackwa.

유탕처리된 쌀엿강정용 팽화쌀의 조직학적 연구

김명애 한국식생활문화학회 2001 韓國食生活文化學會誌 Vol.16 No.4

쌀엿강정은 쌀을 호화·건조하여 유탕처리하거나 가압 등으로 팽화시켜서 제조한다. 이때 호화과정에서 가열기구나 호화의 정도가 쌀의 팽화에 영향을 미칠 것으로 판단되어 이들 처리에 따라 팽화량(크기, 비중), 사진촬영, 주사형 전자현미경(SEM)으로 관찰·비교하였다. 1. 전기밥솥이나 압력솥, 혹은 증기로 찌는 등 밥의 형태로 쌀을 호화시킨 것은 팽화쌀이 서로 부착된 것이 많아 좋지 않았다. 전기밥솥이나 압력솥의 경우는 팽화쌀의 표면에 파괴된 부분이 나타났다. 압력솥이나 증기고 찌는 경우는 쌀의 팽화량이 작았다. 2. 쌀을 세정하여 바로 많은 양의 물로 끓이는 방법이 좋았으며, 쌀을 불려서 끓이는 방법과 팽화량에 차이를 보이지 않았다. 쌀을 불리더라도 익을 정도로만 단시간에 끓일 경우에는 오히려 팽화량이 작았다. 3. 쌀을 끓이는 시간이 길수록 팽화는 컸으나 너무 지나칠 정도로 끓일 경우에는 쌀의 표면이 파괴되거나 균열이 생겨서 외관이 좋지 않고 팽화량도 작았다. This study was carried out to observe the character change of expanded rice grain for Salyeotgangjung at various gelatinization methods. The expansion and structure change of rice grain was different at conditions of heating methods and gelatinization, respectively. The boiling showed good expansion compared to other heating methods by electric rice-cooker, pressure cooker, and steam cooker. There was not difference in expansion of rice grain between the boiling and the boiling after soaking. Rice grain did greatly expand as the boiling time was extended. But the quality for Salyeotgangjung would be not good because of crack of expanded rice grain surface when the boiling time was too long.

과민성 장 증후군의 증상 경감을 위한 비약물적 접근 고찰

최명애,김금순,안경주,채영란,최정안,홍해숙,박미정,이경숙,신기수,정재심 대한기초간호자연과학회 2005 Journal of korean biological nursing science Vol.7 No.2

There have been many trials of clinical efficacy of multicomponent and single component treatments for irritable bowel syndrome(IBS). We reviewed effects of non phamacological treatments in the IBS. Though the efficacy of multi-component approaches was unclear, several results suggest that cognitive behavioral therapy was effective in improving gastrointestinal symptoms of IBS. As a single component, cognitive therapy and relaxation with or without biofeedback could improve the symptoms and psychological health of IBS patients. Yoga, meditation, self-help information and hypnotherapy could be applicable to IBS.