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( Myint Myint San ) 부산외국어대학교 동남아지역원 2014 Suvannabhumi Vol.6 No.1
This study focuses on the iconography of Hindu deities in Bagan period. As a country in Southeast Asia, Myanmar received her culture from Indianized culture. As aforesaid,sailors, traders, and settlers brought with them Brahmanism and Buddhism into Myanmar. A possibility is that local chiefs or the rulers invited Brahmans to conductcoronations, weddings, and burials in Brahmanical rites as they will much impressed by the Brahmanical thoughtsand beliefs. Accordingly, Brahmanic icons as objects of worship are found quite in number of places, especiallyin Thaton, Bago, Vesali, Sriksetra, Bagan and Kawgoon. Apart from Buddhist iconography, the Brahmanic icons of various sects can be found in Bagan. Brahmanic deities are illustrated with Buddhist painting, which is a characteristic of Baganreligious iconography. Most of the scenes on Hinduism are to be found in NatlaungKyaung, Nanpaya and Shwesandaw Pagoda. Myanmar people, however, knowingly or unknowingly ignore some features of Indian deitiesand eventually the iconsare found in various places in Bagan.
Myint, A.A.,Kim, D.S.,Lee, H.W.,Yoon, J.,Choi, I.G.,Choi, J.W.,Lee, Y.W. Elsevier Applied Science 2013 Bioresource technology Vol.145 No.-
A novel method was developed for fractionating cellulose microfibrils from forest residue (tulip tree sawdust) to enhance cellulose digestibility, particularly at minimum enzyme loadings. This method involved three main stages: selective hemicellulose solubilization by subcritical water (SCW) pretreatment, delignification of the SCW-pretreated solids using the Formosolv process, and deformylation/bleaching of the cellulose pulp with alkaline hydrogen peroxide solution. This process produced nearly 98% white cellulose microfibrils with 23-fold higher conversion to glucose as compared to the raw substrate after 72h of enzymatic hydrolysis. This study showed that cellulose swelling had the greatest effect on the enzymatic hydrolysis efficiency of delignified pulp obtained by the Formosolv process.
Characteristics of Seven Japanese Native Chicken Breeds Based on Egg White Protein Polymorphisms
Myint, Si Lhyam,Shimogiri, Takeshi,Kawabe, Kotaro,Hashiguchi, Tsutomu,Maeda, Yoshizane,Okamoto, Shin Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2010 Animal Bioscience Vol.23 No.9
In this study, to examine genetic variability within a breed and genetic relationships between populations/breeds, we genotyped 606 birds from seven Japanese native chicken breeds at seven polymorphic loci of egg white proteins and compared those with Asian native chicken populations and commercial breeds. Genotyping of the Japanese native breeds showed that ovalbumin, two ovoglobulins and ovotransferrin were polymorphic, but ovomacroglobulin, ovoflavoprotein and lysozyme were monomorphic. The proportion of polymorphic loci ($P_{poly}$) and average heterozygosity ($\bar{H}$) within a population ranged from 0.286 to 0.429 and from 0.085 to 0.158, respectively. The coefficient of gene differentiation ($G_{ST}$) was 0.250 in the Japanese native chicken breeds. This estimate was higher than that of Asian native chicken populations ($G_{ST}$ = 0.083) and of commercial breeds ($G_{ST}$ = 0.169). Dendrogram and PCA plot showed that Satsuma-dori, Jitokko, Amakusa-daio and Hinai-dori were closely related to each other and grouped into Asian native chickens and that Tsushima-jidori, Nagoya and Chan (Utaichan) were ramified far from other Japanese native chicken breeds. The egg white protein polymorphisms demonstrated that the population differentiation of the seven Japanese native chicken breeds was relatively large.
Myint, Aye Aye,Seo, Bumjoon,Son, Won-Su,Yoon, Junho,Shin, Naechul,Kim, Jaehoon,Lee, Youn-Woo Elsevier 2017 The Journal of supercritical fluids Vol.123 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Carbon nanoparticles with hierarchical micro/mesoporous structure were developed from a commercial kraft lignin using a facile, one-pot green technology of a compressed liquid CO<SUB>2</SUB> antisolvent treatment, followed by thermostablization and carbonization processes. The as-synthesized carbon nanoparticles were systematically characterized by investigating the surface properties of morphology, particle size, and chemical states with FESEM, HRTEM and XPS, respectively; surface areas and porous structures with BET analyzer; crystalline state with XRD and Raman spectroscopy; chemical features with FTIR; and elemental compositions with an elemental analyzer. The results indicated that the carbon nanoparticles fabricated from the smallest quasi-spherical lignin nanoparticles contained high nanocrystalline and amorphous carbons levels. The enhanced phenolic, carbonyl, and carboxylic functional groups on the particle surface promoted the dispersibility of the particles in deionized water. The size and morphology of the lignin precursor particles significantly affected the fabrication of the carbon nanoparticles by carbonization. The experiment suggested that such dispersible and porous carbon nanoparticles could be applicable in the fields of energy, biotechnology, and environmental pollution control.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> We have developed hierarchically porous carbon nanoparticles from kraft lignin. </LI> <LI> The carbon nanoparticles’ surfaces contain enhanced oxygen-containing functional groups. </LI> <LI> They have high surface areas and show good dispersibility in deionized water. </LI> <LI> The size and morphology of lignin precursors are important in the carbonization step. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>
Myint, Aye Aye,Rhim, Won-Kyu,Nam, Jwa-Min,Kim, Jaehoon,Lee, Youn-Woo Elsevier 2018 Journal of industrial and engineering chemistry Vol.66 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>We report the synthesis of water-soluble and environmentally friendly fluorescent carbon dots (CDs) using the renewable resource lignin as a precursor, which is a waste emitted from pulp and paper industries and lignocellulosic biofuel production, using a compressed liquid CO<SUB>2</SUB> antisolvent method followed by carbonization and chemical oxidation with an acid mixture (H<SUB>2</SUB>SO<SUB>4</SUB>:HNO<SUB>3</SUB> =1:3, v/v) at 90°C for 8, 16, and 24h. The as-synthesized CDs emitted bright yellow fluorescence (FL) under argon laser excitation at 458nm with excitation-wavelength-independent and excitation-wavelength-dependent FL emission characteristics. Moreover, the CDs exhibited excellent stability in a highly concentrated NaCl solution, photostability with pH-dependent FL emission activities, and cellular imaging capability with very low cytotoxicity. Notably, the FL emission intensities of the as-synthesized CDs increased with longer reaction times, indicating high degree of oxidation on the CD surface and consequently, high quantum yield of 13% was achieved. Therefore, the as-synthesized CDs can be used as promising fluorescent probes for bioimaging applications <I>in vitro</I> and <I>in vivo</I>.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Water-soluble fluorescent carbon dots (CDs) synthesized from kraft lignin. </LI> <LI> CDs exhibited pH-dependent fluorescence (FL) emission and high salt/photo stability. </LI> <LI> FL emission intensities increased with longer reaction times. </LI> <LI> A high quantum yield of 13% resulted in the CDs synthesized for 24h. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>
Myint, Aye Mu,Steinbusch, Harry W.M.,Goeghegan, Liam,Luchtman, Dirk,Kim, Yong Ku,Leonard, Brian E. Karger 2007 NEUROIMMUNOMODULATION -BASEL- Vol.14 No.2
<P><I>Background:</I> The olfactory bulbectomised (OBX) rat model is a chronic model of depression in which behavioural and neuroimmunoendocrine changes are reversed only after chronic antidepressant treatment. The cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2) inhibitor celecoxib has been shown to improve the depressive symptoms in patients with major depression. <I>Methods:</I> The association between blood and brain immunological and behavioural changes in chronic treatment with COX-2 inhibitor was explored in the OBX rats and their sham-operated controls. <I>Results:</I> The OBX group showed significantly higher locomotor activity than the other groups in the first 5 min in the open field. In the home cage emergence test, the OBX group showed a significantly shorter latency period compared to the sham group (z = -3.192, p = 0.001) but there was no difference between the other three groups. In the hypothalamus, the OBX group had a significantly higher interleukin 1β (IL-1β) concentration than the OBX + celecoxib group (z = -1.89, p = 0.05) as well as a significantly higher IL-10 concentration (z = -1.995, p = 0.046). In the prefrontal cortex, the OBX group showed significantly higher concentrations of tumour necrosis factor α (z = -2.205, p = 0.028) and IL-1β (z = -3.361, p = 0.001) than the OBX + celecoxib group, but a significantly lower concentration of IL-10 (p = -3.361, p = 0.001) than the OBX + celecoxib group. <I>Conclusions:</I> The results of this study supported the potential therapeutic role of the COX-2 inhibitor celecoxib. It is possible that the behavioural changes following the chronic administration of celecoxib to the OBX rats are associated with an attenuation of the increase in the pro-inflammatory cytokines in the brain.</P><P>Copyright © 2007 S. Karger AG, Basel</P>