Evaluation of different media for ex vivo porcine lung culture model

Myeon-Sik Yang,Zixiong Zhou,Amina Khatun,Salik Nazki,정창기,김원일,이상명,Seog-Jin Kang,임채웅,김범석 한국동물위생학회 2018 韓國家畜衛生學會誌 Vol.41 No.4

Developing drugs targeting respiratory pathogen is essential to control respiratory diseases. Many experi-ments have been performed under in vivo situation. However, in vivo experiments have economical and ethical issues. The objective of this study was to determine the possibility of developing an ex vivo lung culture system with possible application for respiratory infection studies. After isolating lungs from naïve pigs, agarose-inflated lung tissues were prepared and sliced manually. These sliced lung tissues were then subsequently placed on 24-well plates. Eight different combinations of media were used to determine the optimum ex vivo lung culture condition. In addition, lung tissues were infected with por-cine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS) virus at a titer of 1×104 TCID50/mL. Virus growth was confirmed by titration in MARC-145 cells at 2, 4, 6 days post infection (dpi). We found that ex vivo lung culture in physiological environment was not media specific based on histopathology and cytotoxicity. However, under virus-infected condition, thickened alveolar walls in the lung tissues and stable virus titers at 2, 4, 6 dpi were shown in F12K medium suggesting that it was useful for tissue maintenance and virus infection using PRRS virus infected lung tissues. The present study shows the possibility of using porcine ex vivo lung model for respiratory infection studies.

Comparison of immune cell populations in bronchoalveolar lavage cells and PBMC cytokine expressions in porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome and porcine respiratory disease complex

Myeon-Sik Yang,정창기,Salik Nazki,Sameer ul Salam Mattoo,Sang-Myeong Lee,Won-Il Kim,Bumseok Kim 한국동물위생학회 2019 韓國家畜衛生學會誌 Vol.42 No.4

Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS) is characterized by reproductive failure in sows and respiratory distress in all age pigs. Porcine respiratory disease complex (PRDC) is a disease caused by opportunistic bacterial infection secondary to a weakened immune system by a preceding respiratory infection. In this study, we tried to compare the immune responses in PRRS and PRDC groups to clearly characterize the disease severity. Eighty-five pigs were infected with various Korean field PRRS virus strains. Infected animals were classified into PRRS (n=32) and PRDC (n=53) groups based on lung le-sions such as interstitial pneumonia, suppurative pneumonia, and pleuropneumonia. The immune cell population of bronchoalveolar lavage cells (BALc) was evaluated on 14 and 28 days post infection (dpi) and PMBC cytokine expression was measured on 0, 3, 7, 14 dpi to investigate early inflammatory re-actions. Pulmonary lesion severity was negatively correlated with alveolar macrophage (AM) in both PRRS and PRDC groups on 14 and 28 dpi. AM in BALc was less populated in PRDC group on 28 dpi compared to PRRS group. AM in BALc was significantly less populated in PRDC group on 28 dpi compared to 14 dpi. In addition, cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) in BALc was higher populated in PRDC group on 14 dpi and 28 dpi compared to PRRS group. In the case of PBMC cytokine TNF-, IFN-, IL-1, IFN-, FoxP3, and IL-2, the PRRS group showed higher expression than the PRDC group on 7 dpi, 14 dpi, 7 dpi, 14 dpi, 14 dpi, and 14 dpi, respectively. On the other hand, in the case of IFN-, IL-6, IL-8, IL-4, and IL-17, the PRDC group showed higher PBMC cytokine expression at 14 dpi, 7 dpi, 14 dpi, 3 dpi, and 3 dpi, respectively, than the PRRS group. Based on these results, our study could characterize differential immune responses in pigs with PRRS or PRDC.

Comparison of immune cell populations in bronchoalveolar lavage cells and PBMC cytokine expressions in porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome and porcine respiratory disease complex

Yang, Myeon-Sik,Jeong, Chang-Gi,Nazki, Salik,Mattoo, Sameer ul Salam,Lee, Sang-Myeong,Kim, Won-Il,Kim, Bumseok The Korean Society of Veterinary Service 2019 韓國家畜衛生學會誌 Vol.42 No.4

Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS) is characterized by reproductive failure in sows and respiratory distress in all age pigs. Porcine respiratory disease complex (PRDC) is a disease caused by opportunistic bacterial infection secondary to a weakened immune system by a preceding respiratory infection. In this study, we tried to compare the immune responses in PRRS and PRDC groups to clearly characterize the disease severity. Eighty-five pigs were infected with various Korean field PRRS virus strains. Infected animals were classified into PRRS (n=32) and PRDC (n=53) groups based on lung lesions such as interstitial pneumonia, suppurative pneumonia, and pleuropneumonia. The immune cell population of bronchoalveolar lavage cells (BALc) was evaluated on 14 and 28 days post infection (dpi) and PMBC cytokine expression was measured on 0, 3, 7, 14 dpi to investigate early inflammatory reactions. Pulmonary lesion severity was negatively correlated with alveolar macrophage (AM) in both PRRS and PRDC groups on 14 and 28 dpi. AM in BALc was less populated in PRDC group on 28 dpi compared to PRRS group. AM in BALc was significantly less populated in PRDC group on 28 dpi compared to 14 dpi. In addition, cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) in BALc was higher populated in PRDC group on 14 dpi and 28 dpi compared to PRRS group. In the case of PBMC cytokine TNF-α, IFN-α, IL-1β, IFN-γ, FoxP3, and IL-2, the PRRS group showed higher expression than the PRDC group on 7 dpi, 14 dpi, 7 dpi, 14 dpi, 14 dpi, and 14 dpi, respectively. On the other hand, in the case of IFN-β, IL-6, IL-8, IL-4, and IL-17, the PRDC group showed higher PBMC cytokine expression at 14 dpi, 7 dpi, 14 dpi, 3 dpi, and 3 dpi, respectively, than the PRRS group. Based on these results, our study could characterize differential immune responses in pigs with PRRS or PRDC.

Evaluation of different media for ex vivo porcine lung culture model

Yang, Myeon-Sik,Zhou, Zixiong,Khatun, Amina,Nazki, Salik,Jeong, Chang Gi,Kim, Won Il,Lee, Sang Myeong,Kang, Seog-Jin,Lim, Chae Woong,Kim, Bumseok The Korean Society of Veterinary Service 2018 韓國家畜衛生學會誌 Vol.41 No.4

Developing drugs targeting respiratory pathogen is essential to control respiratory diseases. Many experiments have been performed under in vivo situation. However, in vivo experiments have economical and ethical issues. The objective of this study was to determine the possibility of developing an ex vivo lung culture system with possible application for respiratory infection studies. After isolating lungs from naïve pigs, agarose-inflated lung tissues were prepared and sliced manually. These sliced lung tissues were then subsequently placed on 24-well plates. Eight different combinations of media were used to determine the optimum ex vivo lung culture condition. In addition, lung tissues were infected with porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS) virus at a titer of $1{\times}10^4\;TCID_{50}/mL$. Virus growth was confirmed by titration in MARC-145 cells at 2, 4, 6 days post infection (dpi). We found that ex vivo lung culture in physiological environment was not media specific based on histopathology and cytotoxicity. However, under virus-infected condition, thickened alveolar walls in the lung tissues and stable virus titers at 2, 4, 6 dpi were shown in F12K medium suggesting that it was useful for tissue maintenance and virus infection using PRRS virus infected lung tissues. The present study shows the possibility of using porcine ex vivo lung model for respiratory infection studies.

Development of Interactive Data Broadcasting System Compliant with ATSC Standards

Jong Myeon Jeong,최진수,김진웅,Yong Ju Lee,Min Sik Park,Ji Hoon Choi 한국전자통신연구원 2004 ETRI Journal Vol.26 No.2

In this paper, we present an interactive data broadcasting system compliant with the Advanced Television Systems Committee (ATSC) standards. The proposed system provides users not only with various data broadcasting services but also remote interactive services. For various data broadcasting services, we have adopted a synchronized data injector that calculates the transmission time of synchronized data accurately and multiplexes synchronized data with the data of an MPEG-2 audiovisual program according to the calculated transmission time. To support remote interactive services, we designed and implemented a return channel server connected on a bi-directional interaction channel. Test results show that the proposed system provides both an asynchronous and synchronized data broadcasting service and remote interactive service appropriately.

Synthesis of 2-(Diethylphosphinyl)cyclohexanone from the Reaction of 1-Nitro Cyclohexene Oxide with Diethyl Phosphite

Kong,Myeon-Sik,Kim,Dae-Young 순천향대학교 기초과학연구소 1998 순천향자연과학연구 논문집 Vol.4 No.1

Cyclohexanone α-cation synthon인 1-nitro cyclohexene oxide와 diethyl phosphite 의 반응으로 cyclic α,β-unsaturated carbonyl 화합물의 합성에 유용한 중간체인 2-(ethoxyphosphinyl)cyclohexanone을 높은 수율로 합성하는 반응조건을 개발하였다.

The Study on Association of Calcium Channel SNPs with Adverse Drug Reaction of Calcium Channel Blocker in Korean

( Myeon Woo Chung ),( Syrie Bang ),( Sun Kyung Jin ),( Sun Wook Woo ),( Yoon Jung Lee ),( Young Sik Kim ),( Jong Keuk Lee ),( Sung Ho Lee ),( Hye Joo Chung ),( Jae Sook Roh ) 한국응용약물학회 2007 Biomolecules & Therapeutics(구 응용약물학회지) Vol.15 No.3

Rapid advances in pharmacogenomic research have provided important information to improve drug selection, to maximize drug efficacy, and to minimize drug adverse reaction. The SNPs that are the most abundant type of genetic variants have been proven as valid biomarkers to give information on the prediction of pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic properties of drugs based on genotype. In order to elucidate a correlation between SNPs of calcium channel encoding gene and adverse reactions of calcium channel blockers, we investigated SNPs in CACNA1C gene known as a binding site of calcium channel blocker. 96 patients with hypertension who had taken or are taking an antihypertensive drug, 1,4-dihydropyridine (DHP) were included for analysis. These patients were composed of 47 patients with adverse drug reactions (ADR) such as edema from calcium channel blockers and 49 patients without ADR as a control group. The exons encoding the drug binding sites were amplified by PCR using specific primers, and SNPs were analyzed by direct sequencing. We found that there was no SNP in the exons encoding DHP binding site, but four novel SNPs in the exon-intron junction region. However, four novel SNPs were not associated with the ADR of calcium channel blockers. In conclusion, this study showed that ADR from calcium channel blockers may not be caused by SNPs of the binding sites of calcium channel blockers in CACNA1C gene.

Highly transparent polymer substrates for flexible displays using semi-interconnected interpenetrating polymer networks.

Choi, Myeon-Cheon,Han, Mijeong,Kim, Il,Ha, Chang-Sik American Scientific Publishers 2010 Journal of nanoscience and nanotechnology Vol.10 No.10

<P>Semi-interconnected interpenetrating polymer networks (SIPNs) based on unsaturated polyurethane (UP) and different monomers, including styrene and acrylate with an UP ratio of 50 wt%, were synthesized. The resulting SIPN films exhibited excellent optical transparency in the visible range with > 90% transmittance at 400 nm. The glass transition temperature (Tg) varied in the range of 100 approximately 135 degrees C depending on the unsaturated monomers introduced. They also had good flexibility compared to the conventional rigid polystyrene or polyacrylate due to the homogeneously dispersed elastic urethane moiety in the SIPNs. Below the glass transition temperature (Tg) of the SIPN substrates, the ITO-grown SIPN films exhibited good electrical and optical properties, showing potential as a promising substrate in flexible display applications.</P>

Medial Unicompartmental Knee Arthroplasty in Patients with Spontaneous Osteonecrosis of the Knee

Won Sik Choy,Kap Jung Kim,Sang Ki Lee,Dae Suk Yang,Choon-Myeon Kim,Ju Sang Park 대한정형외과학회 2011 Clinics in Orthopedic Surgery Vol.3 No.4

Background: We analyzed the clinical and radiologic results of patients with spontaneous osteonecrosis of the knee treated byminimally invasive medial unicompartmental arthroplasty using Oxford Uni. Methods: We reviewed 22 knees in 21 patients which were treated for spontaneous osteonecrosis between 2002 and 2006. Patientsincluded one male and 20 females. The mean age was 70.8 years (range, 53 to 82 years). The mean follow-up period was70.3 months (range, 48 to 93 months). The clinical results were evaluated using the Hospital for Special Surgery (HSS) knee scoreand the range of motion of the knee preoperatively and at the fi nal follow-up. Preoperative plain radiographs and magnetic resonanceimages were analyzed to determine the size and stage of osteonecrotic lesions. Results: The mean HSS knee score was 64.3 (range, 54 to 75) preoperatively and 92.0 (range, 71 to 100) at the fi nal follow-up. The mean preoperative fl exion contracture was 8.9o (range, 0 to 15o) and 0.2o (range, 0 to 5o) at the fi nal follow-up. The mean furtherfl exion increased from 138.6o (range, 100 to 145o) preoperatively to 145.6o (range, 140 to 150o) at the fi nal follow-up. Activefull fl exion was possible within 2 months of the operation. The squatting position was possible in 16 patients (84.2%) out of 19,except one case of bronchiectasis and one case of spine fracture. The cross-leg posture was possible in 19 patients (90.5%) out of21. The mean tibiofemoral angle was improved from varus 0.98o to valgus 3.22o. Meniscal bearing dislocation occurred in 2 casesand femoral component loosening occurred in 1 case. Conclusions: Unicompartmental knee arthroplasty using Oxford Uni could be an alternative treatment option in spontaneous osteonecrosisof the knee.

Transparent Anti-Stain Coatings with Good Thermal and Mechanical Properties Based on Polyimide-Silica Nanohybrids

Choi, Myeon-Cheon,Sung, Giju,Nagappan, Saravanan,Han, Mi-Jeong,Ha, Chang-Sik American Scientific Publishers 2012 Journal of nanoscience and nanotechnology Vol.12 No.7

<P>In this work, we synthesized polyimide/silica hybrid materials via sol-gel method using a fluorinated poly(amic acid) silane precursor and a variety of perfluorosilane contents. We studied the influence of a hybrid coating film with the following characteristics; hydrophobicity, oleophobicity, optical transparency, and surface hardness of the coating films. The hybrid coatings with the fluorosilane contents up to 10 wt% are optically transparent and present good thermal stability with a degradation temperature of > 500 degrees C as well as a glass transition of > 300 degrees C. Both water contact angle and oil contact angle increase rapidly with introducing small amount of the fluorosilane in the hybrids and reaches the maximum of 115 degrees and 61 degrees, respectively. The hardness of the hybrid coatings increases up to 5H with an increase of the FTES content in the hybrids. These colorless, transparent, and thermally stable hybrid materials could be suitable for applications as anti-stain coatings.</P>