화학적 요부 교감신경절 차단에서 한 분절 차단과 두 분절 차단의 비교

김종일,이규종,이상곤,민병우,반종석,문철준 대한마취과학회 2001 Korean Journal of Anesthesiology Vol.41 No.4

Chemical Lumbar Sympathetic Block: Comparison of One- Versus Two-needle Techniques Chul-Jun Mun, M.D., Kyu-Jong Lee, M.D., Sang-Gon Lee, M.D., Jong-Il Kim, M.D.^* Jong-Suk Ban, M.D., and Byung-Woo Min, M.D. Department of Anesthesiology, Fatima Hospital, Daegu, Korea ^*Kim Jong Il Pain Clinic, Daegu, Korea Background: It was frequently noticed in the course of performing a two-needle sympathectomy, that satisfactory spread of contrast solution could be produced by injection through only one of the needles. This led to a closer examination of the merits of single-needle technique. Methods: Forty patients were randomized into two groups. Patients in the single-needle group (n = 20) were injected at the second or third lumbar sympathetic ganglia, while patients in the two-needle group (n = 20) were injected at the second and thired lumbar sympathetic ganglia. Lumbar sympathetic blocks were performed using 3 ml of alcohol and the spread of injectate was verified with C-arm fluoroscopy. The indicators of a successful sympathetic block are increasing skin temperature, decreasing pain, and anhidrosis in the distal extremity. Results: The duration of anhidrosis was 12.2 ?? 2.6 months (mean ?? SD) in the single-needle group versus 13.6 ?? 3.6 months (mean << SD) in the two-needle group. Conclusions: As these results were not significantly different from those obtained in patients having considered to be effective for a neurolytic ;i,bar sympathectomy. (korean J Anesthesiol 2001; 41: 439~443)

平生體育을 위한 스포츠 活動의 育成方安에 關한 硏究

李揆文,崔淙洙,李鍾珏,金鍾聲,李永熙,金圭碩 忠北大學校 平生體育硏究所 1985 平生體育硏究所 論文集 Vol.1 No.-

This study is a survey of development methods of sports activity for life sports which was conducted with questionaire of 17 items during the months of January and February 1985. The selection of subjects is based on the random sampling method, and 1928 ?? of the questionaire were distributed to the Chung-Buk inhabitants during the period from March to June 1985. Among them 1622 sheets(84.1%) were returned, and 142 ?? which made an error in answers were all removed, and 1480 sheets were turned into effect. This research, aimed the the investigation and expansion of sports to the ??of socity, obtained the following conclusions. 1. The necessity and recongnition of life sports is unknown generally. The design and conduct of any fitness program for populace adults must consider age and physical characteristics, envirommental condition and must act any support under the new system with the manager, local administration, a territorial society. Also, the goal of the program should emphasize self-improvement within the physical status of the participant, rather than the attainment of fitness levels based upon the norms or the achievments of population samples. 2. The contents of activition in sports have general a tendency to complication and diversity. There were no sufficient facilities and equipments of sports. Therefore, In order to achieve the expansion of sports to the lowest stratum of society, must be improved various environmental conditions that consist of extrinsic motivation and concrete project. 3. The items of sports must be improved on the based of interest, age, local charac-teristics and sports facilitie must be expanded for to health, welfare of one's place of work and enterprise.

하지 수술을 위한 경막외 마취시 Ropivacaine 과 Bupivacaine 의 비교

이상곤,민병우,반종석,문철준 대한마취과학회 2001 Korean Journal of Anesthesiology Vol.41 No.4

Comparison of Epidural Ropivacaine and Bupivacaine in Patients Undergoing Lower Extremity Surgery Chul-Jun Mun, M.D., Sang-Gon Lee, M.D., Jong-Suk Ban, M.D. and Byung-Woo Min, M.D. Department of Anesthesiology, Fatima Hospital, Daegu, Korea Background: Ropivacaine is an amide local anesthetic structurally related to bupivacaine. A ran-domized, double-blind study was performed to compare the clinical effectiveness of ropivacaine and bupivacaine in patients undergoing lower-extremity surgery. Methods: Forty-nine patients (ASA Ⅰ-Ⅱ) were randomized to receive 15 ml of 0.5% ropivacaine or bupivacaine. Twenty patients received 15 ml of ropivacaine and 20 patients received 15 ml of bupiva-caine at the L3,4 or L4,5 interspace. Parameters measured were the onset time, duration and spread of sensory block, the onset time, duration and degree of motor block, the quality of anesthesia and the heart rate and blood pressure profile during the block onset. Results: Demographic characteristics were similar among the groups. Seven patients were excluded from the study due to technical failure of the block, two patients were excluded due to insufficient data. The onset and duration of analgesia at T10 dermatome (mean ?? SD) was 18.9 ?? 7.0 minutes and 187.5 ?? 34.6 minutes respectively for ropivacaine, and was 15.2 ?? 8.8 minutes and 187.8 ?? 40.0 minutes respectively for bupivacaine. Maximum block height (mean ?? SD) was T6.5 ?? 2.0 for ropivacaine and T6.4 ?? 2.0 for bupivacaine. The incidence of complete motor block (Bromage scale 3) was low in the ropivacaine group, being 3/20 for ropivacaine and 12.20 for bupivacaine. Conclusions: The sensory blockade profile of ropivacaine, administered epidurally, is similar to that obtained with an equal dose of bupivacaine. However motor blockade with ropivacaine is less intense, less frequent, and of shorter duration than with bupivacaine. (Korean J Anesthesiol 2001; 41: 434~438)

폐주물사를 이용한 세라믹 건축재 제조

문종수,강종봉,현상엽 경남대학교 환경문제연구소 1999 환경연구 Vol.22 No.-

Waste Sand from casting industries have been dumped or buried on the ground, but it can be reused by several ways. Because waste sand from cast metal factories has not only high quality but also high volume percent of pure silica, we need to develop technology of converting this waste sand to ceramic tiles with economical efficiency. We prepared specimens at a relatively low and different temperature with various wasted sand contents, calcium hydroxide contents, and autoclaving conditions by hydrothermally synthesizing method. Mechanical characteristics and microstructures of samples were examined by SEM, XRD. Instron, and Porosimeter.

졸-겔법에 의한 CuCl 분산 SiO₂유리 박막의 제조

문종수,강종봉 慶南大學校 附設 工業技術硏究所 1997 硏究論文集 Vol.15 No.1

보호막, 비반사막 그리고 광학센서로 응용되고 있는 필름의 제조에서 졸-겔법을 이용하는 연구가 최근 많은 발전을 이루고 있다. 졸-겔법으로 CuCl 미립자 분산 실리카 유리를 제조했다. 겔막은 TEOS, MTES, CuCl 그리고 촉매로 HCl을 사용한 혼합용액의 가수분해반응에 의하여 제조하였고, 또 이것을 1000℃에서 열처리하는 것에 의하여 입방정 CuCl 미결정의 생성을 확인하였다. 딥코-팅에서 인상속도를 5cm/min로 했을 때 두께 약 0.3㎛의 균열이 없고 균질한 막을 얻을 수 있었다. 약 900℃에서 열처리한 CuCl 분산 유리는 350 ㎛에서 유리 속에 CuCl 미결정 입자가 생성되는 것을 의미하는 흡수단이 관찰되었다. Recent developments in this area include the production of films for use as protective coatings, anti-reflection coatings, and optical sensor applications. The sol-gel process has been applied to the preparation of small-sized CuCl-doped silica glasses. Gel films prepared by the hydrolysis of a complex solution of TEOS, MTES, and CuCl with HCl catalyst were heated to 1000℃ to form fine, cubic CuCl microcrystals. When the withdrawing speed of dip-coating was 5cm/min, crack-free and homogeneus films with the thickness of about 0.3㎛ could be obtained. The band at 350 nm is observed in the CuCl-doped glass after heating at 900℃, indicating that the CuCl crystalline paticles are formed in the glass.

Chinchilla 달팽이핵에서 Calbindin D-28ka 면역반응세포의 미세구조에 관한 연구

문영민,박영란,정윤영,김종증 朝鮮大學校 附設 醫學硏究所 2008 The Medical Journal of Chosun University Vol.33 No.3

Chinchilla 달팽이핵의 신경표지물질의 하나인 calbindin D-28ka은 칼슘결합단백질의 일종으로 여러 포유동물의 신경계통에 널리 분포하고 있는 것으로 알려지고 있다. Chinchilla 달팽이핵에서 CB에 대한 고도의 특이성을 지닌 단세포군항체를 이용하여 광학 및 전자현미경적 면역화학염색방법을 이용하여 CB양성세포의 분포상과 세포의 형태 및 크기와 CB세포의 미세구조에 대하여 관찰한 결과 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다. 1. Calbindin D-28ka 양성반응세포는 chinchilla 달팽이핵의 전 분야에서 관찰할 수 있었으나 특히 등쪽달팽이핵에서 더 많이 관찰할 수 있었으며 CB양성세포의 형태는 방추형, 타원형, 이극 및 뭇극형이었고 세포의 크기는 16-30?μm 였다. 2. 수많은 미토콘도리아와 축삭세포체 연접, 미세섬유등을 관찰할 수 있으며 축삭을 둘러싸고 있는 말이집과 calbindin D-28ka 양성반응세포의 침착물과 모세혈관을 관찰할 수 있었고 커다란 핵과 축삭의 주변에 작은 슈반핵과 말이집으로 둘러싸인 가로 단면의 수많은 축삭들을 관찰할 수 있었다. 이상의 결과로 보아 calbindin D-28ka 양성반응세포는 청각기능세포를 보호할 뿐만 아니라 청각기능을 수행하는데 매우 중요한 역할을 하는 것으로 판단된다. A unique class cells, strongly immunopositive for anti-calbindin D-28ka were observed in and near the cochlear nucleus of the chinchilla (chinchilla laniger). They were preferentially located in the dorsal cochlear nucleus, as well as in the adjacent superior olivary nucleus. The calbindin D-28ka positive neurons had relatively large cell bodies with thick, heavy spinal dendrites, and were typically situated in the immediate subpial position. The calbindin D-28ka immunoreactive neurons were very varied morphologically; bitufted, bipolar, multipolar and horizontal cells in shape, and the diameters of the neurons are 16-30 μm have been described in the cochlear nucleus of the chinchilla. Also, the calbindin D-28ka positive dendrites were considerably more densely arrayed than those of other cochlear nuclear cells, including the cartwheel cells of the dorsal cochlear nucleus. The fine structure of the cells in the cochlear nucleus in the chinchilla(chinchilla laniger) was studied by transmission electron microscopy. The neurons had a large, round, centrally located nucleus, and their cytoplasm contained numerous mitochondria, myelinated axon, dense granular endoplasmic reticulum, abundant Golgi apparatus, groups of free ribosomes, some heterogeneous particles and neurofilaments. Cell surfaces were studied irregularly with small spinous processes, and they contained a few fine irregularly arranged neurofilaments and some granular endoplasmic reticulum. Boutons contacting the soma and dendrites of the cochlear nucleus neurons were defined as the axosomatic synapses. Based on differences in the bouton and vesicle morphology, the four synaptic bouton types were identified; 1. Asymmetrical and symmetrical synapses with small rounded vesicles. 2. Asymmerical synapses with pleomorphic admixture contained predominantly spherical vesicles. 3. Symmerical synapses with pleomorphic vesicles of flattened, spherical and dense-core vesicles. 4. Asymmetrical as well as symmetrical synapses with heterogeneous and large dense-core vesicles. Synaptic boutons containing the rounded vesicles and the large densecore vesicles were most frequently observed.

졸-겔법에 의한 Au 미립자 분산 SiO₂ 유리 박막의 제조

문종수,강종봉 경남대학교 공업기술연구소 2001 硏究論文集 Vol.19 No.-

금 미립자를 SiO2 유리 중에 분산시켜 비 선형 광학재료, 선택 흡수 막 및 투과막 등 새로운 기능성 재료로 활용하기 위하여 Au/SiO2 나노복합체 박막을 제조하였다. 가수분해 조건을 변화시켰을 때 박막표면에 분산시킨 입자의 크기와 형상이 재료의 물성에 미치는 영향을 열처리 후의 엑스선 회절분석과 분광분석 그리고 전자현미경 관찰 등을 통하여 조사하였다. Au/SiO2 박막은 가시광선 영역인 530∼570nm의 파장영역에서 금 미립자의 표면 플라즈마 공명에 의한 높은 흡수 피-크를 나타내어 비선형성을 확인할 수 있었다. 박막은 0.6∼1.2㎛ 두께를 보였으며, 박막의 표면에 분산시킨 금 미립자의 크기는 5∼40nm였다. Nanocomposite of Au dispersed SiO2 films was prepared for the new functional materials like non-linear optic materials, selective absorption and transmission films. The effects of particle size and morphology with different hydrolysis conditions on the properties were examined with XRD, UV-spectrometer and SEM. It was found that Au/SiO2 films showed high absorption peak at 530∼570 nm visible region by plasma resonance of Au fine particles, The thickness of the films was 0.6∼1.2㎛, and the size of Au particles was 5∼40 nm.

졸-겔법에 의한 폴리비닐피롤리돈함유 ??용액으로부터 Tio₂박막의 제조와 특성

문종수,강종봉,현상엽 慶南大學校 附設 工業技術硏究所 1999 硏究論文集 Vol.17 No.-

TiO₂는 페로브스카이트 구조를 가진 복합산화물계의 중요한 성분일 뿐만 아니라, 태양에너지를 광전기화학적으로 변환하여 물을 전기분해시키는 반도체 전극과 광촉매로 사용되는 매우 중요한 재료이다. 그러나 두꺼운 막 내부에 발생하는 응력 때문에 순수한 졸-겔 재료로 인한 0.2㎛보다 두꺼운 박막을 제조하는 것이 쉽지 않다. 본 연구에서는 졸-겔법의 딥-코팅법을 이용하여 비교적 가수분해 속도가 빨라 1회의 코팅으로 균열없이 두꺼운 박막을 제조하기 어려운 전이 금속계의 TiO₂세라믹 박막을 Polyvinylpyrrolidone(PVP)를 함유시킨 ?? 용액을 출발물질로 하여 두껍고 균질한 투명한 막을 얻고자 하였다. PVP를 함유한 용액을 3㎝/min의 인상속도로 실리카 유리기판에 침적시킨 후, 700℃에서 10분간 열처리를 행하여 박막을 얻었다. 이 결과 0.1∼0.9㎛ 두께의 투명한 박막을 얻었고, PVP를 함유하지 않은 박막보다 약 2-9배 정도 두꺼웠다. TiO₂is well known for it is importance as a component of complex-oxides with perovskite structure. TiO₂has been used for semiconductor electrodes and optical catalysies. In general, however, for it's rapitity of hydrolysis time respectively, it is quite difficult to prepare TiO₂thick film by sol-gel method. In this study, the researcher tried to prepare TiO₂thick film with homogeneousness. ?? solution with Polyvinylpyrrolidone(PVP) was used for starting material in sol-gel method. After dip-coating (3cm/min) of starting materials onto silica-glass substrate the thick film was prepared by heat-treatment (700℃, 10min). As a result, a transparent film with the thickness 0.1∼0.9 ㎛ was attained and it is thickness was 2∼9 times thicker than film without PVP

마이크로셀시스템의 적응 채널할당 기법

문영성,이종찬 崇實大學校 生産技術硏究所 1996 論文集 Vol.26 No.1

PCS(Personal Communications Systems) where the cell structure is microcell can accommodate more subscribers than those of cellular systems where the cell structure is macrocellby reducing the cell fadius. To cope with such differences in PCS environment, new channel allocation and handover shcemes for PCS are needed. In this paper, problems which may arise when channel allocatio scheme of cellualr is applied to PCS is firstly analyzed. To overcome such poblems, a new schem is proposed. Also, a new handover scheme for PCS is propsoed. Performance of propsoed schemes is analyzed and compared with other channel allocation schemes and handover schemes. Blocking probability and forced call termination probability are used as performance parameters.

글루코스 투여가 지구성 운동중 혈액성분 변화에 미치는 영향

文英模,全鍾貴 忠南大學校體育科學硏究所 1987 體育科學硏究誌 Vol.5 No.1

The subjects of this study was composed of 10 college men majoring in physical education. (3 long distance runners, 3 soccer players and 4 nonathletes)They ingested glucose and then the changes their blood constituents were examined after being taken some exercise. They ingerted glucose by lg/kg of the body weight, glucose was ingested to each testee by the half of calculatedmean body weights with 250ml barley tea diluted with an artificial sweetener between 60 and 30 minutes before the beginning of exercise, and during the trial exercise, they ingested only placebo without glucose at the same period. Their blood was drawn one minute before the beginning of exercise and the testees were taken 30 minute exercise with an absolute intensity of 900kpm, using a bicycle ergometer. To examine the blood constituents in the glucose trial, the testees were drawn 5cc of blood from the forearm vein each per one time one minute before the beginning of exercise, after fifteen and thirty-minute exercise and ten minutes after the finish of it. To achieve the aim of this study, the author calculated the mean and the standard deviation with measured materials and then effected an inspection of evidence (dependent-t)of the significant differences among means with the level of significance established at p<0.05. The results wer summarized as follows; By the glucose ingestion, blood glocose concentration increased and insulin was much excessive during rest, while it decreased by the significant differences and inhibited the mobilization of FFA in blood concenstration during exercise and the period of recovery. By the glucose ingestion, Hemoglobin, Hct and Osm decreased in all cases. And each had significant differences; Hemoglobin at the period of recovery, Hct during rest and 15minute exercise and Osm during rest. On the other hand, the density of lactate in blood concenstration decreased, but there were no statistic significant differences.