Crude Garlic Extract Inhibits Cell Proliferation and Induces Cell Cycle Arrest and Apoptosis of Cancer Cells In Vitro

Mukta Bagul,Srikanth Kakumanu,Thomas A. Wilson 한국식품영양과학회 2015 Journal of medicinal food Vol.18 No.7

Garlic and its lipid-based extracts have played an important medicinal role in humans for centuries that includes antimicrobial, hypoglycemic, and lipid-lowering properties. The present study was to investigate the effects of crude garlic extract (CGE) on the proliferation of human breast, prostate, hepatic, and colon cancer cell lines and mouse macrophageal cells, not previously studied. The human cancer cell lines, such as hepatic (Hep-G2), colon (Caco-2), prostate (PC-3), and breast (MCF-7), were propagated at 37ºC; air/CO2 (95:5 v/v) using the ATCC-formulated RPMI-1640 Medium and 10% fetal bovine serum (FBS), while the mouse macrophage cell line (TIB-71) was propagated at 37ºC; air/CO2 (95:5 v/v) using the ATCC-formulated DMEM and 10% FBS. All cells were plated at a density of ~5000 cells/well. After overnight incubation, the cells were treated with 0.125, 0.25, 0.5, or 1 μg/mL of CGE an additional 72 h. Inhibition of cell proliferation of 80–90% was observed for Hep-G2, MCF-7, TIB-71, and PC-3 cells, but only 40–55% for the Caco-2 cells when treated with 0.25, 0.5, or 1 μg/mL. In a coculture study of Caco-2 and TIB-71 cells, inhibition of cell proliferation of 90% was observed for Caco-2 cells compared to the 40–55% when cultured separately. CGE also induced cell cycle arrest and had a fourfold increase in caspase activity (apoptosis) in PC-3 cells when treated at a dose of 0.5 or 1 μg/mL. This investigation of CGE clearly highlights the fact that the lipid bioactive compounds in CGE have the potential as promising anticancer agents.

跨文化奢侈品溝通中的不對稱硏究: 以中印奢侈品品牌溝通以中印市場的奢侈品品牌溝通比較硏究

( Mukta Ramchandani ),( Ivan Coste-maniere ) 한국마케팅과학회 2012 Journal of Global Fashion Marketing Vol.3 No.2

A luxury brand strongly differentiates itself from the universe of classic consumption goods, resulting in a different way of communication than just "making sales". A basic idea starts from making people dream and aspire. In luxury one applies the communication strategy in order to create a dream and to recharge a brand`s value , not just in order to sell (Kapferer and Bastien , 2009). Through previous researches in the past, scholars have identified a number of concepts which influence consumer`s purchase intention, perceived values and attitudes towards luxury brands.Those findings contribute to understanding in general about individuals` motives and pattern of luxury consumption. Whereas, most of the studies were conducted in developed nations regardless of emerging markets like China. (Wiedmann et al., 2007; Wang et al., 2010, 2011). The luxury and fashion brands are focusing on the penetration in the emerging markets and are creating a large consumer base with dependence on communication strategy but in the long term this has a negative affect since it should be critical for them to understand what consumer values trigger the purchase of their brands and why? Theoretical backdrop in the past has neither been much established between the asymmetry of brand communication in the developed and developing countries nor between the cognitive responses of consumers and the brand identity. As such, developing a deeper understanding about the influence of implemented strategies upon brand identities in consumer buying patterns is relevant key in determining how such practices can confer and be followed in developed and developing economies. Giving a competitive advantage on all adopting firms or the ones that intend to embed and capitalize on their business practices. This research is focused on the asymmetry in multicultural luxury communication but it is centralized around the comparative analysis of luxury communication between India and China with a minor focus on France. France for long has been considered the origin of luxury and fashion industry and it sets as a suitable example for this research. France is a significant market for luxury brands and is prevalent since years due to the heritage and exclusive artisan values imparted in the brand image targeted at the consumers who are more like connoisseurs and are aware of the product they are considering luxury. Ethical and moral considerations impact the purchase of luxury products. Communication can be portraying bling bling in some cultures and in some it could be under the jurisdiction of censorship. Sometimes, it`s a trend which is followed by the "peer feedback" or the "word of mouth". But sometimes there are the direct communicative tools used by the brands through magazines, billboard, internet and social media that have a strong impact on the mindset. The objectives of this research were achieved through adoption of two perspectives simultaneously - of the communication strategies adopted by the luxury brands and of the customer. Countries are compared by various dimensional scales and culture can be quantified but also it could be correlated with different aspects of consumption. This research has tried to answer the questions like -how do luxury brands influence the luxury consumers based on multicultural paradigms? What are the major consumer motivations in India, China and France for buying a luxury product? Which brands are perceived as luxury, where and why? What are the converging and diverging factors that determine the modes of communication implemented? The multifaceted dimensions and concepts involved in cross-cultural communication like cognitive response theory, mimetic desire, celebrity influences on potential consumers of the luxury and fashion brands are well studied in this research through the survey and the in depth interview. The questionnaire was designed considering the participant`s responses with their motivational factors, places of purchasing, impact of celebrity endorsements, attractiveness and expertise on the brand communications adopted in their country. Due to the lack of extensive secondary data present on the communication strategies for China the focused group interviews and a personal interview are considered as the major approaches for collecting the data. It provided the benchmark to allow for various forms of imperfect markets in simulation to explain the probable outcomes of the luxury brand communication in China. The literature review comprises of the elements, concepts and theories related to the consumer behavior, the modes of communications adopted and how they impact the countries. The secondary data and the relation with Hofstede`s five dimensional cultural differences has been related to the findings and observations made with the Primary data for China, India and France. This method is based on the originality and is direct. We have drawn and inference through this study that the luxury brands can be more proactive and more cultural conscious when entering huge multicultural economy like India and China which must not be hindered with the traditional communication process of portraying the brand identity to the connoisseur category and thus prevent value shifts amongst the brand positioning.With the lesser dependency on making a brand fall prey to a trend it should strategically be identified as market driving than the market driven force. This new step could serve as the launch pad in increasing the brand value catering to the aspirational and admirational consumers. Confirming the interest of the potential consumers to consolidate and support a brand`s positioning as luxury. Furthermore, diverging the impact from "conspicuous consumption" to "brand loyalty". The structure of this paper constitutes the introduction of the concepts involved in the study, research methodology, discussion and conclusion with the merger of solutions for managerial implications.

Influence of Bi content on linear and nonlinear optical properties of As40Se60-xBix chalcogenide thin films

Mukta Behera,Ramakanta Naik,C. Sripan,R.Ganesan,N.C.Mishra 한국물리학회 2019 Current Applied Physics Vol.19 No.8

The manuscript reports the effect of Bi content on the linear and nonlinear optical properties as well as the structural and physical properties in thermally evaporated As40Se60-xBix chalcogenide thin films. The optical properties of the as-deposited films have been studied from the optical transmission data recorded by UV–Visible spectrometer. The linear optical parameters (linear refractive index n, extinction coefficient k, absorption coefficient α), indirect optical band gap, Urbach energy, oscillator energy, dispersion energy were calculated from the transmission data which were strongly influenced by Bi content. The dispersion of refractive index was analyzed in terms of single oscillator Wemple-Di Domenico model. The third order nonlinear susceptibility (χ(3)) and nonlinear refractive index (n2) were calculated from the linear parameters using semi-empirical relations. The optical gap decreased which was discussed by chemical bond approach and degree of disorder possessed by the films. The optical properties changes in the films were also well supported by the Raman shift. The structural characterization by X-ray diffraction revealed the amorphous nature of the prepared films whereas the composition and micro structure of the studied films were probed by energy dispersive X-ray analysis and field emission scanning electron microscopy study.

An Intuitionistic Fuzzy Approach to Classify the User Based on an Assessment of the Learner`s Knowledge Level in E-Learning Decision-Making

( Mukta Goyal ),( Divakar Yadav ),( Alka Tripathi ) 한국정보처리학회 2017 Journal of information processing systems Vol.13 No.1

In this paper, Atanassov`s intuitionistic fuzzy set theory is used to handle the uncertainty of students` knowledgeon domain concepts in an E-learning system. Their knowledge on these domain concepts has been collected from tests that were conducted during their learning phase. Atanassov`s intuitionistic fuzzy user model is proposed to deal with vagueness in the user`s knowledge description in domain concepts. The user model uses Atanassov`s intuitionistic fuzzy sets for knowledge representation and linguistic rules for updating the user model. The scores obtained by each student were collected in this model and the decision about the students` knowledge acquisition for each concept whether completely learned, completely known, partially known or completely unknown were placed into the information table. Finally, it has been found that the proposed scheme is more appropriate than the fuzzy scheme.

WaldenstromÊs macroglobuline-mia presenting with lytic bone le-sions: a rare presentation

Mukta Pujani,Shivani Kushwaha,Neha Sethi,Anu Beniwal,Shailaja Shukla 대한혈액학회 2013 Blood Research Vol.48 No.3

An Intuitionistic Fuzzy Approach to Classify the User Based on an Assessment of the Learner's Knowledge Level in E-Learning Decision-Making

Goyal, Mukta,Yadav, Divakar,Tripathi, Alka Korea Information Processing Society 2017 Journal of information processing systems Vol.13 No.1

In this paper, Atanassov's intuitionistic fuzzy set theory is used to handle the uncertainty of students' knowledgeon domain concepts in an E-learning system. Their knowledge on these domain concepts has been collected from tests that were conducted during their learning phase. Atanassov's intuitionistic fuzzy user model is proposed to deal with vagueness in the user's knowledge description in domain concepts. The user model uses Atanassov's intuitionistic fuzzy sets for knowledge representation and linguistic rules for updating the user model. The scores obtained by each student were collected in this model and the decision about the students' knowledge acquisition for each concept whether completely learned, completely known, partially known or completely unknown were placed into the information table. Finally, it has been found that the proposed scheme is more appropriate than the fuzzy scheme.

Expression of Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor (Her 2/neu) and Proliferative Marker Ki-67: Association with Clinicopathological Parameters in Gallbladder Carcinoma

Pujani, Mukta,Makker, Isha,Makker, Annu,Goel, Madhu Mati,Jetley, Sujata Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2016 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.17 No.8

Purpose: To evaluate the expression of Her2/neu and Ki-67 in benign and malignant gallbladder lesions, and to establish correlations with clinico-pathologic parameters. Materials and Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on formalin fixed paraffin embedded (FFPE) benign (n=25) and malignant gallbladder (n=25) tissue samples. Hematoxylin and eosin stained slides of each case were reviewed for: type of malignancy (whether adenocarcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, or any other type), grade (well, moderate, and poor), depth of invasion, pre-neoplastic changes in adjacent mucosal epithelium like metaplasia and dysplasia. Immunohistochemistry for Her 2 neu and Ki-67 was performed and data analysis was conducted using SPSS 17 software. Chi-square test was used to compare categorical/dichotomous variables. P value of ${\leq}0.05$ was considered significant. Results: The difference of Her 2 neu expression and Ki67 index between benign and malignant groups was found to be statistically significant. Her2/neu positivity did not have any significant correlation with various clinicopathological parameters other than liver involvement. 5 cases of gallbladder cancer showed both Her2/neu and Ki67 positivity. Ten cases were Ki67 positive but Her2/neu negative while one case was Her2/neu positive but Ki67 negative. Conclusions: The present study demonstrated overexpression of Her2/neu and Ki67 in gallbladder cancer. A trend of decreasing Her2/neu expression with increasing grade of tumor was observed. Furthermore, greater Ki67 positivity was found in cases with lymph node metastasis and distant metastasis. Future studies with a larger number of patients will be required to precisely define the correlation of Her2/neu expression and Ki67 positivity with clinicopathological parameters. The results however are encouraging and suggest evaluation of Her2/neu as a candidate for targeted therapy.

Computational Analysis of the 3-D structure of Human GPR87 Protein: Implications for Structure-Based Drug Design

Rani, Mukta,Nischal, Anuradha,Sahoo, Ganesh Chandra,Khattri, Sanjay Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2013 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.14 No.12

The G-protein coupled receptor 87 (GPR87) is a recently discovered orphan GPCR which means that the search of their endogenous ligands has been a novel challenge. GPR87 has been shown to be overexpressed in squamous cell carcinomas (SCCs) or adenocarcinomas in lungs and bladder. The 3D structure of GPR87 was here modeled using two templates (2VT4 and 2ZIY) by a threading method. Functional assignment of GPR87 by SVM revealed that along with transporter activity, various novel functions were predicted. The 3D structure was further validated by comparison with structural features of the templates through Verify-3D, ProSA and ERRAT for determining correct stereochemical parameters. The resulting model was evaluated by Ramachandran plot and good 3D structure compatibility was evidenced by DOPE score. Molecular dynamics simulation and solvation of protein were studied through explicit spherical boundaries with a harmonic restraint membrane water system. A DRY-motif (Asp-Arg-Tyr sequence) was found at the end of transmembrane helix3, where GPCR binds and thus activation of signals is transduced. In a search for better inhibitors of GPR87, in silico modification of some substrate ligands was carried out to form polar interactions with Arg115 and Lys296. Thus, this study provides early insights into the structure of a major drug target for SCCs.

Effect of Co on the Degradation of the Hydrogen Permeability of Ni-Nb-Zr Amorphous Membranes

김민현,Mukta R. Debnath,왕영임,서진유,에릭플러리,김도향 대한금속·재료학회 2014 METALS AND MATERIALS International Vol.20 No.2

The variation of the hydrogen permeability with time was monitored during the permeation of hydrogenthrough metallic amorphous membranes of Ni45-XNb30Zr25CoX (X=0, 7.5, and 15 at%) in the temperaturerange of 350 to 450 °C. For tests performed between 3 and 5 bars, the alloy with the medium content ofCo, i.e., 7.5 at%, had the most pronounced degradation while the alloy without Co showed less of adecrease in the hydrogen permeability with time. The change in the hydrogen permeability with the Cocontent was discussed in connection with the difference in the activation barrier energy for crystallizationin the alloys.

Acute promyelocytic leukemia with an unusual presentation of secondary postpartum hemorrhage

Sunita Sharma,Mukta Pujani,Narender Tejwani 대한혈액학회 2013 Blood Research Vol.48 No.4