Civic and Judicial Multiculturalism of Canada: A Critical Assessment of the Canadian Model of Diversity for South Korea

Miu Chung Yan,김은기 한국학술연구원 2013 Korea Observer Vol.44 No.1

Canada has been credited as one of the leading countries for embracing multiculturalism not only in its national policy but also in everyday social discourse. A question that has been raised in many parts of the world is whether Canadian multiculturalism can be a model for them. However, some people argue that the Canadian experience of multiculturalism may be restricted to Canada’s unique historical and geographical conditions. For example, the rationalization of the immigration system in the late 1960s has resulted in a diversification of the ethnic composition of the nation. Canada’s isolated geography has also prevented a massive influx of migrants, particularly from poor countries, and the existence of the two founding ethnic groups has historically fostered a politics of accommodation of the minority. In this paper, we first examine the nature of Canadian multiculturalism, particularly focusing on its civic and judicial characteristics. Then we argue that despite the unique situations of Canada, the Canadian multiculturalism has some transferrable features and essences, such as embracing diversity and upholding human rights protection, that may have important implications for Korean society, which is currently experiencing a rapid ethnocultural diversification.

Comparison of Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation and Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation on Upper Limb Recovery Among Patients With Recent Stroke

Ka Ying Doris Miu,Ching Kok,Sau Shan Leung,Elaine Y. L. Chan,Elaine Wong 대한재활의학회 2020 Annals of Rehabilitation Medicine Vol.44 No.6

Objective To compare the efficacy of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) and transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) on upper limb function recovery among patients who recently had stroke. Methods Subjects with recent stroke (within 1 month) were randomized to rTMS (n=25) and tDCS (n=26) applied over the non-lesioned hemisphere for three sessions per week, followed by tailored upper limb rehabilitation training for a total of 2 weeks. The primary outcomes were changes in the Motor Assessment Scale (MAS), Fugl- Meyer arm score test, Nine-Hole Peg Test (9HPT), hand grip strength, and modified Barthel Index at weeks 2 and 4. Both therapists responsible for training and assessment were blinded to the intervention allocated. Results There was an improvement in all the motor performance scales among both groups (p<0.001). These improvements persisted at discharge. However, there was no significant difference in any of the assessment scales between the two groups. The rTMS group showed a statistically non-significant greater improvement in MAS, 9HPT, and handgrip strength than the tDCS group. Conclusion Both interventions produce a statistically significant improvement in upper limb function. There was no statistically significant difference between the two intervention methods with respect to motor performance. It is suggested that a larger study may help to clarify the superiority of either methods.

Effects of Nutritional Status on 6-Month Outcome of Hip Fractures in Elderly Patients

Ka Ying Doris Miu,Pui Shan Lam 대한재활의학회 2017 Annals of Rehabilitation Medicine Vol.41 No.6

Objective To identify the prevalence of malnutrition in elderly hip fracture and to investigate the relationship between hip fracture patients and malnutrition on functional recovery and mortality. Methods All hip fracture patients age >65 years admitted to a rehabilitation unit were recruited from July 2015 to June 2016. Nutritional status was assessed by Mini-Nutritional Assessment Short-Form (MNA-SF) within 72 hours of admission. Patients were reassessed at 6 months for functional status and place of residence. Length of hospital stay, in-patient mortality rate, and 6-month mortality rate were also recorded. Results There were 218 patients recruited. The mean age was 83.5±7.5 years. According the MNA-SF, 46 (21.1%) were well nourished, 115 (52.6%) were at risk of malnutrition, and 57 (26.1%) were malnourished. Malnourished individuals were significantly older, had lower Mini-Mental State Examination score and albumin level, were functionally more dependent and were more likely to reside in elderly care facility. A higher proportion of elderly care residents were at-risk or were malnourished on admission, discharge and at 6 months. Functional recovery was slower in the malnourished group. In-patient mortality was higher in malnourished individuals compared to those at risk of malnourishment and well-nourished individuals.Conclusion The prevalence of malnutrition is high and is associated with poor functional recovery and elderly care placement. Residents of elderly care facilities are especially at risk due a higher prevalence of malnourishment. Health authorities are encouraged to evaluate the dietetic component in elderly care facilities and initiate nutrition supplementation in their planning of healthcare resources.

Development of Air Pollutants Emission Inventories for Ships around Japan on a High Geographical Resolution

Tatsuya Sakurai,Miu Ito,Shinichi Hanayama 한국대기환경학회 2021 Asian Journal of Atmospheric Environment (AJAE) Vol.15 No.1

This study developed a database of emission inventories from ships around Japan using the activity data in the 2015 Japanese fiscal year. The emission of air pollutants from ships was estimated for fuel combustion in main engine, auxiliary engines, and boilers onboard. The ships’ operations for the emission estimation in the exhaust gas consist of ships in navigation, ships at anchor, and fishing boats. For the emission estimation regarding navigation ships, data from Automatic Identification System (AIS) received at the stationary stations on land in Japan were used in this study to calculate the activity. The emission amounts were compared between the sea (Seto Inland Sea (SIS) and Tokyo Bay) and prefectures surrounding those ocean areas. The ship emission ratios in total anthropogenic emissions including the land part reached SO2: 29%, PM: 40%, and NOx: 22% for the SIS area. In Tokyo Bay, the ship emission ratios in total reached SO2: 36%, PM: 28%, and NOx: 13%, and the emission intensities per unit area for SO2 and PM2.5 are approximately three times higher than those in the other regions, respectively. Therefore, the shipping traffic density is relatively higher compared to transportation on land, and the emission is condensed locally. Assuming that the 2020 global sulphur limit switched to a sulphur content of 0.50% m/m, SO2 emissions could be reduced to 24% in SIS and 22% in Tokyo Bay, sulphate emissions could be reduced to 23% in SIS and 21% in Tokyo Bay, and PM emissions could be reduced to 39% in SIS and 36% in Tokyo Bay. Therefore, the 2020 global sulphur limit should reduce the emission from ships around the Japan coastal area and improve the air quality in congested water areas such as SIS and Tokyo Bay.

Systematic Analysis of Pemetrexed-based Chemoradiotherapy for Patients with Locally Advanced or Metastatic Esophageal Cancer

Tian, Guang-Yu,Miu, Min,Huang, Xin-En Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2014 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.15 No.19

Purpose: This systematic analysis was conducted to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pemetrexed-based chemoradiotherapy in treating patients with locally advanced or metastatic esophageal cancer. Methods: Clinical studies evaluating the efficacy and safety of pemetrexed based regimens on response and safety for relevant patients were identified using a predefined search strategy. Pooled response rates (RRs) were calculated. Results: For pemetrexed-based regimens, 4 clinical studies including 47 patients with locally advanced or metastatic esophageal cancer were considered eligible for inclusion. Systematic analysis showed that, in all patients, the pooled RR was 51% (24/47). Major adverse effects of grade III/IV were esophagitis, neutropenia, thrombocytopenia, anemia anorexia, fatigue, diarrhea, dysphagia and vomiting. No treatment related death occurred with pemetrexed-based treatment. Conclusion: This systematic analysis suggests that pemetrexed based radiotherapy is associated with reasonable activity and good tolerability in treating patients with locally advanced or metastatic esophageal cancer.

The pinning force density in polycrystalline Bi_1.8Pb_0.4Sr_2Ca_(2−x)Y_xCu_3O_y multiphase systems

V. Mihalache,I.G. Deac,A.V. Pop,L. Miu 한국물리학회 2011 Current Applied Physics Vol.11 No.4

ac susceptibility measurements as a function of temperature T and the ac magnetic field amplitude, Hac,have been performed on five superconducting Bi_1.8Pb_0.4Sr_2Ca_(2−x)Y_xCu_3O_x polycrystalline samples (x = 0,0.005, 0.04, 0.15 and 0.36, and with the volume fraction of the Bi_2Sr_2Ca_2Cu_3O_y (2223) phase, f = 100%,100%, 64%, 0% and 0%, respectively. By using the Müller model for granular superconductors, we found that the pinning force density obtained from the imaginary peak of χ˝(T) is strongly dependent on the doping level. To describe this dependence we adopted the multilayer model (a stack of superconducting,S, and normal, N, layers) of a superconductor. In the framework of this model, we demonstrated that (a)the yttrium addition influences the degree of coupling between the adjacent S layers (and thereby, the pinning strength) through the modification of the carrier concentration and of the effective thickness of the N layers, and (b) the intergrowth of Bi_2Sr_2CaCu_2O_δ (2212) layers within the 2223 grains has an important influence on the thickness of N.

Tube-Cavity 시스템을 갖는 동압센서 포트의 공진 주파수 계측에 관한 예비 연구

제원주(Wonju Je),김현준(Hyeon-Jun Kim),주성민(Song-Miu Ju),유철성(Chulsung Ryu) 한국추진공학회 2021 한국추진공학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2021 No.5

청소년들의 예절 언행에 댛란 사회적 표상

김은미 강남대학교 인문과학연구소 2005 인문과학논집 Vol.14 No.-

사회의 가치관의 변화에 따른 청소년들의 사회적 가치관과 예절언행에 대한 표상에 대해 알아보았다. 예절연행의 사회적 기능과 현실적인 방법으로서의 청소년의 예절 교육에 대한 시사점들을 확인하였다. 우리 사회는 유교적인 수직적 사회에서 서구의 수평적인 사회로의 많은 전환이 이루어지고 있다. 그 과정에서 기존의 가치관과 새로운 가치관이 많은 사람들에게 많은 혼돈을 일으키고 있으며, 한 개인에게도 관념과 행동상의 혼란을 초래하고 있다. 그러나 가치관에 대한 많은 연구(조남국 1991; 차재호 1993; 한덕웅·이경성, 1994) 들에 의하면, 외부의 행위와 모습에 있어서 개인주의적 가치로 인한 변화가 강하게 나타나고 있지만, 사람들이 지니고 있는 내면의 사고방식이나 관행, 정서, 편안함을 느끼는 상황은 여전히 전통적 특성을 강하게 내포하고 있음을 확인할 수 있다. 이러한 시대변화에 따른 가치관의 변화나 행동상의 변화가 중요하지 않은 것은 아니나, 전통적인 가치관이 내면화된 기성세대와의 사회적 관계에서 불편함을 초래하는 것은 사실이다. 공공시설에서 연장자에 대한 공경의 행동을 보이지 않거나, 자신의 생각과 다르다고 연장자의 생각을 폄하하거나 하는 현상은 과거와 같은 농업중심의 경제구조나 혈연 중심의 가계구조의 해체로 인해서 나타나는 현상은 아니라고 사료된다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 청소년들의 예절언행의 표상을 살펴보고, 청소년들에게 적합한 규범행동으로서의 접근방법을 모색하고자 하였다.