Implementation of Image Processing in Studying Contact Conditions of Overhead Contact Line‑Pantograph at 400 km/h

Kyung‑Min Na,이기원,김형철,조철진,박영 대한전기학회 2020 Journal of Electrical Engineering & Technology Vol.15 No.2

As an overhead contact line contacts the pantograph of an electric railway to supply electricity, it is operated after its electrical and mechanical safety features are examined. This study investigates a technology for examining the contact condition between the pantograph and the overhead contact line by using image processing. Contact condition images between the pantograph and the overhead contact line were obtained using a video device installed on the roof of a train, and the contact condition was tested between Iksan Station and Jeongeup Station of the Honam high-speed railway in the velocity range of 100–400 km/h. Images between the pantograph and the overhead contact line were used to recognize the feature points of the pantograph, and the moving displacement of the contact strip was detected using a Hough transform. The detected displacement was represented as a frequency through the zero crossing and a Fourier transform, and then its relationship with the arcing between the overhead contact line and the pantograph was analyzed.

Women and Science in India Ed. by Neelam Kumar

Minna Salminen-Karlsson(서평자) 숙명여자대학교 아시아여성연구원 2009 Asian Women Vol.25 No.3

The Differences between Luminal Microbiota and Mucosal Microbiota in Mice

Minna Wu,Puze Li,Jianmin Li,Yunying An,Mingyong Wang,Genshen Zhong 한국미생물·생명공학회 2020 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.30 No.2

The differences between luminal microbiota (LM) and mucosal microbiota (MAM) were little known, especially in duodenum. In this study, LM and MAM in colon and duodenum of mice were investigated through 16S rRNA high-throughput sequencing. The lowest bacterial diversity and evenness were observed in duodenal LM (D_LM), followed by duodenal MAM (D_MAM). Meanwhile, the bacterial diversity and evenness were obviously increased in D_MAM than these in D_LM, while no significant difference was observed between colonic MAM (C_MAM) and colonic LM (C_LM). PCoA analysis also showed that bacterial communities of LM and MAM in duodenum were completely separated, while these in colon overlapped partly. The ratio of Firmicutes to Bacteroidetes (F/B) in D_MAM was significantly higher than that in D_LM. Lactobacillus was largely enriched and was the characteristic bacteria in D_LM. The characteristic bacteria in D_MAM were Turicibacter, Parasutterella, Marvinbryantia and Bifidobacterium, while in C_LM they were Ruminiclostridium_6, Ruminiclostridium_9, Ruminococcaceae_UCG_007 and Lachnospiraceae_UCG_010, and in C_MAM they were Lachnospiraceae_NK4A136, Mucispirillum, Alistipes, Ruminiclostridium and Odoribacter. The networks showed that more interactions existed in colonic microbiota (24 nodes and 74 edges) than in duodenal microbiota (17 nodes and 29 edges). The 16S rDNA function prediction results indicated that bigger differences of function exist between LM and MAM in duodenum than these in colon. In conclusion, microbiota from intestinal luminal content and mucosa were different both in colon and in duodenum, and bacteria in colon interacted with each other much more closely than those in duodenum.

Designing Biobased and/or Biodegradable Polymers for Increased Sustainability

Minna Hakkarainen 한국고분자학회 2023 한국고분자학회 학술대회 연구논문 초록집 Vol.48 No.2

Emerging Biomaterials for Tumor Immunotherapy

Minna Xiao,Qinglai Tang,Shiying Zeng,Qian Yang,Xinming Yang,Xinying Tong,Gangcai Zhu,Lanjie Lei,Shisheng Li 한국생체재료학회 2023 생체재료학회지 Vol.27 No.00

Background The immune system interacts with cancer cells in various intricate ways that can protect the individual from overproliferation of cancer cells; however, these interactions can also lead to malignancy. There has been a dramatic increase in the application of cancer immunotherapy in the last decade. However, low immunogenicity, poor specificity, weak presentation efficiency, and off-target side effects still limit its widespread application. Fortunately, advanced biomaterials effectively contribute immunotherapy and play an important role in cancer treatment, making it a research hotspot in the biomedical field. Main body This review discusses immunotherapies and the development of related biomaterials for application in the field. The review first summarizes the various types of tumor immunotherapy applicable in clinical practice as well as their underlying mechanisms. Further, it focuses on the types of biomaterials applied in immunotherapy and related research on metal nanomaterials, silicon nanoparticles, carbon nanotubes, polymer nanoparticles, and cell membrane nanocarriers. Moreover, we introduce the preparation and processing technologies of these biomaterials (liposomes, microspheres, microneedles, and hydrogels) and summarize their mechanisms when applied to tumor immunotherapy. Finally, we discuss future advancements and shortcomings related to the application of biomaterials in tumor immunotherapy. Conclusion Research on biomaterial-based tumor immunotherapy is booming; however, several challenges remain to be overcome to transition from experimental research to clinical application. Biomaterials have been optimized continuously and nanotechnology has achieved continuous progression, ensuring the development of more efficient biomaterials, thereby providing a platform and opportunity for breakthroughs in tumor immunotherapy.

PLAY WITH FRIENDS, AGAINST MACHINE OR ALL ALONE? SOCIAL IN-GAME MECHANICS AS A PREDICTOR OF GAMER LIFETIME VALUE

Minna Pura,Jacob Mickelsson 글로벌지식마케팅경영학회 2018 Global Marketing Conference Vol.2018 No.07

Social games where players play together with others in multiplayer mode are currently emerging and attracting attention in the media after the success of e.g. Pokemon GO. Nevertheless, little is known about the profitability of social players. Previous gaming research that has profiled different types of players has focused on games played alone, without social mechanics (cf. Vahlo et al., 2017). From a marketing perspective, it is also interesting to study the effects of merely watching game play or browsing new game ads as a mode of entertainment, and what kind of effect that has on future behaviour. Passive participation as a type of aesthetic entertainment has been acknowledged in eSports context (Seo, 2013). This paper analyses big data of a gaming company on an individual player level, including different types of single play and multiplayer gaming sessions and in-game purchase behaviour data. We compare the effects of social and non-social ingame mechanics on how individuals spend money in-game over time, frequency of play, sessions as well as the length of played sessions in minutes during the gamers’ whole lifecycle. The anonymized repository data includes gaming behaviour, in-game purchase behaviour related to the use of one specific digital game in the USA. The game can be played both alone, and with others as a team. We used structural equation modeling to analyse the behavior of 23 049 randomly selected players, who have played the game for at least one week. The data included the individual players’ total session history during their play lifecycle. Interestingly, social play with other people is a strong predictor of money spent in the long term. Social play also prompts long-term interest in the game, as friends invite and encourage each other to play with or against other virtual teams. Nevertheless, social play is not for everyone! The results help to optimize player journeys and to make strategic decisions that support long term profitability of gaming companies.

Characterization of Expression and Function of the Formins FHOD1, INF2, and DAAM1 in HER2-Positive Breast Cancer

Minna Peippo,Maria Gardberg,Pauliina Kronqvist,Olli Carpén,Vanina D. Heuser 한국유방암학회 2023 Journal of breast cancer Vol.26 No.6

Purpose: Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-targeted therapies, such as trastuzumab, benefit patients with HER2-positive metastatic breast cancer; however, owing to traditional pathway activation or alternative signaling, resistance persists. Given the crucial role of the formin family in shaping the actin cytoskeleton during cancer progression, these proteins may function downstream of the HER2 signaling pathway. Our aim was to uncover the potential correlations between formins and HER2 expression using a combination of public databases, immunohistochemistry, and functional in vitro assays. Methods: Using online databases, we identified a negative prognostic correlation between specific formins mRNA expression in HER2-positive cancers. To validate these findings at the protein level, immunohistochemistry was performed on HER2 subtype breast cancer tumors to establish the links between staining patterns and clinical characteristics. We then knocked down individual or combined formins in MDA-MB-453 and SK-BR-3 cells and investigated their effects on wound healing, transwell migration, and proliferation. Furthermore, we investigated the effects of erb-b2 receptor tyrosine kinase 2 (ERBB2)/HER2 small interfering RNA (siRNA)-mediated knockdown on the PI3K/Akt and MEK/ERK1 pathways as well as on selected formins. Results: Our results revealed that correlations between INF2, FHOD1, and DAAM1 mRNA expression and ERBB2 in HER2-subtype breast cancer were associated with worse outcomes. Using immunohistochemistry, we found that high FHOD1 protein expression was linked to higher histological grades and was negatively correlated with estrogen and progesterone receptor positivity. Upon formins knockdown, we observed effects on wound healing and transwell migration, with a minimal impact on proliferation, which was evident through single and combined knockdowns in both cell lines. Notably, siRNA-mediated knockdown of HER2 affected FHOD1 and INF2 expression, along with the phosphorylated Akt/MAPK states. Conclusion: Our study highlights the roles of FHOD1 and INF2 as downstream effectors of the HER2/Akt and HER2/MAPK pathways, suggesting that they are potential therapeutic targets in HER2-positive breast cancer.

Insulin sensitization causes accelerated sinus nodal dysfunction through autophagic dysregulation in hypertensive mice

Minna Woo,김민석 대한임상약리학회 2021 Translational and Clinical Pharmacology Vol.29 No.2

Insulin sensitizers, while effective in glucose-lowering for diabetes control, are linked toan increased risk of heart disease through mechanisms that are not well understood. Inthis study, we investigated the molecular mechanisms underlying the effects of insulinsensitization on cardiac sinus node dysfunction. We used pharmacologic or geneticapproaches to enhance insulin sensitivity, by treating with pioglitazone or rosiglitazone, orthrough phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) deletion in cardiomyocytes respectively. We employed an angiotensin II (Ang II)-induced hypertensive animal model which causessinus node dysfunction and accumulation of oxidized calcium/calmodulin-dependent proteinkinase II (CaMKII), which also serves as a biomarker for this defect. While neither PTENdeficiency nor insulin sensitizers caused sinus node dysfunction in normotensive mice, bothaccelerated the onset of sinus node dysfunction and CaMKII oxidation in hypertensive mice. These abnormalities were accompanied by a significant defect in autophagy as revealed byunc-51 like autophagy activating kinase 1 (ULK1) signaling. Indeed, mice deficient in ulk1 incardiomyocytes and the sinus node also showed early onset of slow atrial impulse conductionwith frequent sinus pauses and upregulated CaMKII oxidation following Ang II infusionsimilar to that seen with PTEN deficiency, or treatment with insulin sensitizers. To furtherelucidate the role of autophagy in sinus node dysfunction, we treated mice with a peptideD-Tat-beclin1 that enhanced autophagy, which significantly abrogated the frequent sinuspauses and accumulation of oxidized CaMKII induced by insulin sensitizers treatment, orPTEN deficiency in hypertensive animals. Together, these findings provide clear evidenceof the detrimental cardiac effects of insulin sensitization that occurs through failure ofautophagy-mediated proteolytic clearance.

Clinical profile of Asian and African strains of Zika virus in immunocompetent mice

Shin, Minna,Kim, Jini,Park, Jeongho,Hahn, Tae-Wook The Korean Society of Veterinary Science 2021 大韓獸醫學會誌 Vol.61 No.2

The mosquito-borne pathogen Zika virus may result in neurological disorders such as Guillain-Barré syndrome and microcephaly. The virus is classified as a member of the Flaviviridae family and its wide spread in multiple continents is a significant threat to public health. So, there is a need to develop animal models to examine the pathogenesis of the disease and to develop vaccines. To examine the clinical profile during Zika virus infection, we infected neonatal and adult wild-type mice (C57BL/6 and Balb/c) and compared the clinical signs of African-lineage strain (MR766) and Asian-lineage strain (PRVABC59, MEX2-81) of Zika virus. Consistent with previous reports, eight-week-old female Balb/c mice infected with these viral strains showed no changes in body weight, survival rate, and neurologic signs, but demonstrated increases in the weights of spleens and hearts. However, one-day-old neonates showed significantly lower survival rate and body weight with the African-lineage strain than the Asian-lineage strain. These results confirmed the pathogenic differences between Zika virus strains. We also evaluated the clinical responses in neonatal and adult mice of different strains. Our findings suggest that these are useful mouse models for characterization of Zika virus for vaccine development.

소세포폐암 환자의 암성 통증에 대한 전침치료의 즉각적 진통 효과 1례

홍미나(Minna Hong),이지혜(Ji Hye Lee),박혜림(Hye Lim Park),이혜윤(Hye Yun Lee),조민경(Min Kyoung Cho),한창우(Chang Woo Han),박성하(Seong Ha Park),김소연(So Yeon Kim),권정남(Jung Nam Kwon),이인(In Lee),홍진우(Jin Woo Hong),최준용(Jun-Yo 한의병리학회 2014 동의생리병리학회지 Vol.28 No.6