Paradigm Shifts in Chinese Confucianism

( Fung Yiu Ming ) 성균관대학교 유교문화연구소 2007 儒敎文化硏究(中文版) Vol.8 No.-

本文的目的, 主要是借用典范轉移(paradigm shift)與 “理性重建”(rational reconstruction)這對槪念來分析儒學發展的傳承與轉折。 本文作者認爲: 孔學發展爲孟學和荀學, 乃是一種理性重建的工作。 新理論的主要工作, 乃是引申舊理論的默寫關鍵槪念而予以重新厘定, 幷迎接新問題之挑戰而在這些槪念的基礎上作理論的提煉, 孔子 “仁” 一槪念的新興論化便是孟子的一大杰作; 而荀子建基于 “僞” 一槪念之二種用法的思考无疑是補充了孔子對道德如何可能問題的解答。 至于宋明理學與心學之出現, 則可說說對先秦儒學的一個革命性的轉變。 表面上后來者雖聲稱可 “謂适而上遂”, 可得“先儒之眞緖”, 實質上乃是另立山頭, 前后是貌合而神離, 血脈早已間斷而難通。此旣涵有不可同約的問題。此中原因, 實在由于道德心性論與本體宇宙論的個個不入, 難以牽合之故。而宋明以后發展出來的道德形上學, 勢奬演變爲“沒有道德的道德形上學”(moral metaphysics without morality)此一吊诡現象。 本論文的結論是:如果說孟學是孔學的一大傳承, 則宋明儒學可說是先秦(孔孟)儒學的一大转折。 This paper mainly aims at using the concepts of “Rational Reconstruction” and “Paradigm Shift” to analyze the developmental succession and deviation of Confucianism. On the one hand, the author thinks that the theoretical development from Confucius to Mencius and Xunzi is a rational reconstruction respectively. As a rational reconstruction, in addition to developing some new concepts, some key concepts in an old theory will be developed and redefined in a new theory in a new way. In order to respond some challenge from a new situation, the new theory has to reconstruct or redefine the old concepts with some kind of sophistication and subtlety. Mencius’s mentalistic interpretation of Confucius’ concept of “ren” is a good example of this kind of rational reconstruction. Based on the two uses of “wei,” Xunzi develops a much sophisticated theory to supplement Confucius’s answer to the question of how morality is possible. On the other hand, the author claims that the development from Pre-Qin Confucianism to Song-Ming Confucianism is a revolutionary change. Although the Song-Ming Confucianists claim for their status as true successors of Confucius and Mencius, they do in reality establish a new paradigm and there is a real problem of “Incommensurability” between the old theory and their new theories. The main reason is that there is a big gap between moral psychology and ontological cosmology; it is very difficult to combine them into one thing. Eventually, what the Song-Ming Confucianists develop would be a moral metaphysics without morality. The conclusion of this paper is that Mencius’s theory can be considered as a rational development of Confucius’s ideas, but there is a radical change from Pre-Qin Confucianism to Song-Ming Confucianism. [Article in Chinese]

Learning and Teaching Translation in an Age of Mass Higher Education : A quantitative survey of the sub-degree translation programme graduates in Hong Kong

Christy Fung-ming LIU,Andy Lung Jan CHAN 한국통역번역학회 2014 FORUM Vol.12 No.1

Seropositive Neuromyelitis Optica imitating an Intramedullary Cervical Spinal Cord Tumor: Case Report and Brief Review of the Literature

Peter Yat-Ming Woo,Jennifer Hiu-Fung Chiu,Kar-Ming Leung,Kwong-Yau Chan 대한척추외과학회 2014 Asian Spine Journal Vol.8 No.5

A 44-year-old woman with progressive cervical myelopathy and central cord syndrome was noted to have an extensive cervical intramedullary contrast-enhancing lesion on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The lesion resembled a spinal astrocytoma or ependymoma that required surgical intervention. She was subsequently diagnosed to have neuromyelitis optica (NMO), a rare idiopathic inflammatory demyelinating disorder, when the clinical examination revealed left optic atrophy. This was confirmed by a test showing seropositivity for NMO-immunoglobulin (IgG). Disease control was achieved with corticosteroids and immunosuppressive therapy. We report a rare case of a patient with NMO who had MRI features that could have easily led to the condition being misdiagnosed as a spinal cord tumor. The importance of careful history taking, awareness of typical radiological findings and the usefulness of serum NMO-IgG as a diagnostic tool are emphasized.

Evaluating Green Supply Chain Management with Incomplete Information

Ming-Lang Tseng,Ru-Jen Lin,Anthony Shun Fung Chiu 대한산업공학회 2012 Industrial Engineeering & Management Systems Vol.11 No.2

There has been a growing interest in firms’ environmental sustainability activities to improve environmental practices in their supply chain. This study aims to deal with supplier evaluation of firm’s green supply chain management (GSCM) criteria with incomplete information. Nevertheless, the suitable supplier is a key strategic direction in eliminating environmental impact on supply chain management for manufacturing firms. The firm’s GSCM criteria and supplier selection need to be unified as a system to improve the firm’s performance.

Evaluating Green Supply Chain Management with Incomplete Information

Tseng, Ming-Lang,Lin, Ru-Jen,Chiu, Anthony Shun Fung Korean Institute of Industrial Engineers 2012 Industrial Engineeering & Management Systems Vol.11 No.2

There has been a growing interest in firms' environmental sustainability activities to improve environmental practices in their supply chain. This study aims to deal with supplier evaluation of firm's green supply chain management (GSCM) criteria with incomplete information. Nevertheless, the suitable supplier is a key strategic direction in eliminating environmental impact on supply chain management for manufacturing firms. The firm's GSCM criteria and supplier selection need to be unified as a system to improve the firm's performance.

Gallium-67 Scan with Single Photon Emission Computed Tomography for the Evaluation and Monitoring of Infected Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms: A 10-Year Case Series

Hoi-Ming Kwok,Wing-Hang Luk,Lik-Fai Cheng,Nin-Yuan Pan,Ho-Fung Chan,Johnny Ka-Fai Ma 대한혈관외과학회 2021 Vascular Specialist International Vol.37 No.2

Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate the role of gallium-67 single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) with contrast computed tomography (CT) in the evaluation and monitoring of infected abdominal aortic aneurysms (IAAA). Materials and Methods: A retrospective cohort analysis was performed using prospectively collected data of consecutive patients with IAAA in Princess Margaret Hospital in Hong Kong between January 2010 and December 2020. The patients were identified using the Radiology Information System. Results: All five patients had proven IAAA on CT and/or metabolic imaging. Among them, three were further supported by positive blood culture results. Gallium- 67 SPECT with contrast CT was useful in the detection of residual disease, monitoring, and detection of recurrence. Conclusion: Gallium-67 SPECT with contrast CT is helpful for evaluating IAAA. It serves an important role in guiding management, especially during long-term follow-up.

Extended use of Prostate Health Index and percentage of [-2]pro-prostate-specific antigen in Chinese men with prostate specific antigen 10–20 ng/mL and normal digital rectal examination

Peter Ka-Fung Chiu,Jeremy Yuen-Chun Teoh,Wai-Man Lee,Chi-Hang Yee,Eddie Shu-Yin Chan,See-Ming Hou,Chi-Fai Ng 대한비뇨의학회 2016 Investigative and Clinical Urology Vol.57 No.5

Purpose: We investigated the extended use of Prostate Health Index (PHI) and percentage of [-2]pro-prostate-specific antigen (%p2PSA) in Chinese men with prostate-specific antigen (PSA) 10–20 ng/mL and normal digital rectal examination (DRE). Materials and Methods: All consecutive Chinese men with PSA 10–20 ng/mL and normal DRE who agreed for transrectal ultrasound (TRUS)-guided 10-core prostate biopsy were recruited. Blood samples were taken immediately before TRUS-guided prostate biopsy. The performances of total PSA (tPSA), %free-to-total PSA (%fPSA), %p2PSA, and PHI were compared using logistic regression, receiver operating characteristic, and decision curve analyses (DCA). Results: From 2008 to 2015, 312 consecutive Chinese men were included. Among them, 53 out of 312 (17.0%) men were diagnosed to have prostate cancer on biopsy. The proportions of men with positive biopsies were 6.7% in PHI<35, 22.8% in PHI 35–55, and 54.5% in PHI>55 (chi-square test, p<0.001). The area under curves (AUC) of the base model including age, tPSA and status of initial/repeated biopsy was 0.64. Adding %p2PSA and PHI to the base model improved the AUC to 0.79 (p<0.001) and 0.78 (p<0.001), respectively, and provided net clinical benefit in DCA. The positive biopsy rates of Gleason 7 or above prostate cancers were 2.2% for PHI<35, 7.9% for PHI 35–55, and 36.4% for PHI>55 (chi-square test, p<0.001). By utilizing the PHI cutoff of 35 to men with PSA 10–20 ng/mL and normal DRE, 57.1% (178 of 312) biopsies could be avoided. Conclusions: Both PHI and %p2PSA performed well in predicting prostate cancer and high grade prostate cancer. The use of PHI and %p2PSA should be extended to Chinese men with PSA 10–20 ng/mL and normal DRE.

An Empirical Study of the Perceived Benefits of Finalyear Translation Projects to Undergraduate Translation Students

( Tak Hung Leo Chan ),( Fung Ming Christy Liu ) 한국통역번역학회 2013 FORUM Vol.11 No.2

Toutes les universites d``etat a Hong Kong proposant des cursus de niveau pre-licence en traduction exigent que leurs etudiants montent un projet en traduction, generalement durant leur derniere annee d``etude. Ce type de cursus est unique car la formation est dispensee de maniere individuelle. La presente etude cherchera a demontrer dans quelle mesure les projets en traduction de la langue chinoise a l``anglais sont benefiques pour les etudiants, a travers un questionnaire en trois etapes. Les resultats de l``apprentissage sont utilises comme unite de mesure principale. Les resultats de cette recherche montrent qu``il y a des ameliorations du niveau de competence statistiquement significatives chez les etudiants (a) concernant l``utilisation de la langue source et de la langue cible (b) dans le traitement des items culturellement connotes (c) dans l``identification d``un potentiel lectorat (d) concernant la traduction a un niveau professionnel (e) concernant l``utilisation des strategies de traduction appropriees, apres avoir termine leur projet en traduction. De plus, les competences ≪ psychophysiologiques ≫ des etudiants se sont egalement ameliorees et developpees par le biais de ces projets en traduction. Au vu de nos resultats, nous pouvons affirmer que les projets en traduction sont benefiques pour les etudiants. Les universites de Hong Kong ont connu en 2012 une reforme educative rallongeant leur cursus pre-licence (passant de 3 ans a 4 ans) et nos resultats aideront probablement les enseignants en traduction en leur donnant des indications importantes servant a l``enseignement et au developpement des programmes, puisque ces institutions devront bientot revoir leur programme d``enseignement pour satisfaire les besoins des etudiants en cursus pre-licence d``une duree de quatre ans.

Safe Colorectal Surgery in the COVID-19 Era – A Singapore Experience

Winson Jianhong Tan,Fung Joon Foo,Sharmini Su Sivarajah,Leonard Ho Ming Li,Frederick H Koh,Min Hoe Chew 대한대장항문학회 2020 Annals of Coloproctolgy Vol.36 No.2

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An Empirical Study of the Perceived Benefits of Finalyear Translation Projects to Undergraduate Translation Students

CHAN, Tak-hung Leo,LIU, Fung-ming Christy 한국통역번역학회 2013 FORUM Vol.11 No.2