허영자 시의 종교적 이미지 연구

손미영(Son, Mi-yeong) 한국비평문학회 2015 批評文學 Vol.- No.56

이 글은 종교적 이미지를 중심으로 허영자의 시를 검토한다. 1960년대에 등단하여 꾸준히 활동하고 있는 허영자의 시 세계는 지적 서정과 직관을 발휘하며 고른 수준을 보여주고 있다. 특히 인간의 본질적인 문제를 탐구하여 미학적 성취를 일궈낸 허영자의 시 세계에서 종교적 이미지는 주목할 만한 부분이다. 시인은 종교적 여성 인물들을 통해서 생의 고난을 직접적으로 토로하는데, 인간적인 고뇌와 죄악에서 벗어나기 위한 여인들의 참회는 성스러움을 이루는 한 방식이다. 번뇌를 견디고 극기하는 이들을 위로하는 것은 성모 마리아와 관음보살과 같은 성스러운 여성 인물들이다. 이는 가장 인간적인 고뇌를 통해 신성성에 닿는 역설적인 방식이기도 하다. 화자는 이러한 인간적 고뇌가 승화되는 순간에 종교적 황홀경을 경험한다. 이 종교적 엑스터시는 화자를 무한히 증식하는 우주로 고양시키거나 절대적 존재와의 동일시를 통해 피안의 세계로 나아가게 한다. 이 세계 속에서 주체는 무한한 가능성과 희열을 얻으며 고통의 과정을 완성한다. 그러나 이러한 황홀경의 순간은 후기의 시편에 이르러서는 세계 내의 존재들에서 신성성을 발견하는 응시의 방식으로 자연스럽게 전환한다. 특정 종교의 이미지를 통하지 않고도 시인은 세계의 모든 부분에서 숨은 신을 발견할 수 있게 된 것이다. 이로써 종교적 이미지를 통해 표현되었던 신성함의 실제들은 현실의 대상들을 통해 드러난다. 이 같은 변화는 종교적 이미지에서 현실의 대상에서 신성성을 발견하는 것처럼, 장식적인 시어가 아니라 평범한 언어를 재발견하고자 하는 시인의 시의식이 극대화되었음을 의미한다. 즉, 실재는 특별하지 않은 현실의 언어를 응시하여 그 속에 숨은 아름다움을 발견하고, 이로써 시를 직조하는 미적 연단의 과정에서 드러나는 것이다. 이 단계에 이르러 시인에게 시는 종교가 되었으며, 언어를 연단하는 과정은 내적 희열을 예비하는 극기의 과정이 되었다. The purpose of this study is to examine Heo Yeong-ja’s poems focusing on the religious image. The poems of Heo Yeong-ja, who made her debut as a poet in 1960s, show intellectual lyricism and intuition. Especially, in the world of Heo Yeong-ja’s poems that explore the fundamental problems of human beings and make aesthetic achievement, the religious image is an important part. Poets directly speak the hardship of life through religious female characters, and women’s repentance to escape from agony and sin is a way of realizing sanctity. Those who console people enduring and overcoming anguish are holy female characters such as the Virgin Mary or the Buddhist Goddess of Mercy. This is also a paradoxical way of reaching sacredness through the most humane agony. A narrator comes to experience religious ecstasy at the moment this humane agony sublimates. This religious ecstasy helps a narrator advance into the state of enlightenment by expanding him or her to the limitlessly spreading universe or equating him or her with an absolute being. In this world, an entity completes the process of pain by gaining infinite possibility and delight. However, in later poems, this moment of ecstasy naturally changes into a way of gazing to find sacredness. Here, the poet comes to be able to find God hidden in all parts of the world without specific religious images. Thus, the entities expressed through the religious image are exposed through objects in reality. This change indicates that poet’s poetic awareness to rediscover normal language, not decorative poetic language, has been maximized, which is similar to finding sacredness in objects in reality. That is, it is to gaze at the language undistinguished in reality and find out the hidden beauty inside, which leads to the process of aesthetic refinement. In this stage, to the poet, poems become religion and the process of refining language becomes the process of perseverance for internal delight.

속도에 매혹된 모더니스트의 초상 - 김경린론

손미영(Son, Mi-yeong) 한국비평문학회 2014 批評文學 Vol.- No.51

이 글은 김경린의 시를 ‘속도’에 주목하여 검토한다. <후반기> 동인의 좌장이었던 김경린에게 현대의 속도와 빠르게 변화하는 문명의 속도는 중요한 의미를 지닌다. 그의 시는 진보하는 역사에 대한 신뢰를 바탕으로 하며 무한한 가능성으로 채워진 미래를 향해 ‘질주하는’ 이미지로 채워져 있다. 특히 1930년대에서 1990년대에 이르는 폭넓은 그의 시세계에서 ‘속도’의 이미지는 미세하게 변모하는데, 질주에서 나비의 날갯짓으로, 나비에서 불새의 비상으로 이어진다. 초기에 발표된 시는 “국제열차처럼” 질주하며 입체도를 떠올리는 수직과 수평의 선으로 도시를 그려낸다. 빠른 속도가 도시의 이미지를 단순한 선의 조합으로 만들어내는 것이다. 빠른 속도가 가능성으로 열린 미래를 향한다는 점에서, 그의 초기 시에서 속도는 문명의 진보이며 한국의 새로운 내일에 대한 기대임을 드러낸다. 그러나 전쟁의 충격은 그의 속도를 나비의 날갯짓으로 늦추었다. 나비의 속도로 나는 동안, 시인은 선으로 그려내던 도시를 구체적으로 조망하기 시작한다. 속도가 느려지면서 시인은 또한 인간 삶의 근원적 문제를 돌아본다. 미래에 대한 긍정적 신뢰는 존재하고 있으나 그 어조에는 애상이 깃들었으며, 이미 세상을 떠나간 모더니스트 시인들을 그리워하기도 한다. 애상에 잠겨 있던 시인은 1980년대에 이르러 불새로 비상한다. 그는 ‘세계적 흐름’인 포스트모더니즘의 기류를 타고 세계를 향해 불새가 되어 비행한다. 불새의 비행은 역설적으로 세계적 동시성에의 욕망을 포함하고 있다. 무한히 뻗어나가는 길과 비행이 세계로 향하는 것은 21세기의 속도에 걸맞는 문학을 ‘창작해야 한다’는 당위가 그의 시에 미치는 영향을 드러낸다. 결국 김경린 시에서 속도의 변화는 시인의 내적 고뇌에 대한 결과인 동시에 당대의 시대적 상황을 반영한 결과이기도 하다. 현실에 민감하게 반응하고, 어떠한 시를 읊어야 하는 것인가에 대한 고민이 그의 미학과 만나 화학작용을 일으키는 지점이 바로 ‘속도’인 것이다. This paper looks into Kim Kyung-lin"s poetry in terms of ‘speed.’ For him, the principal of Coterie Hubangi (The Second Half) the speeds of modern times and rapidly changing civilization have important implications. His poems are based on his trust in progressive history and full of images ‘speeding up’ toward the future filled with infinite possibilities. In particular, in the broad world of his poetry from the 1930s through the 1990s, the image of ‘speed’ changes minutely, leading from speeding to a flap of a butterfly’s wings and the butterfly to a soaring fire bird. His earlier poems, speeding up like “an international train,” draw the city with vertical and horizontal lines reminding us of the three-dimensional drawing; a high speed makes the image of the city a combination of simple lines. In that high speed is heading for the open future as a possibility, his earlier poems reveal that the speed is progress of civilization and an expectation of South Korea"s new tomorrow. And yet, the impact of the war slowed his speed down to a flap of a butterfly’s wings. While he was flying at the speed of a butterfly, the poet began to view the city in detail, which he had drawn with lines. Speeding down, the poet looks back upon the fundamental issues of human life. There is a positive trust in the future, while the tone is covered with sorrow and he sometimes misses modernist poets who have passed away. The poet who has been lost in grief soars as a fire bird by the 1980s. He rides on the air current of post-modernism, ‘a global flow,’ flying toward as a fire bird. The flying fire bird, paradoxically, implies a desire for global simultaneity. The roads stretching infinitely and the flying proceeding to the world reveal the influence of the duty by which he ‘has to write’ poems fitting for the speed of the 21st century on his poetry. Consequently, changes in speed of Kim Kyung-lin’s poetry are the result of the poet’s inner agony and at the same time that of a reflection of the contemporary historical situation. His concerns about how to respond to the reality sensitively and what poems he should recite meet his aesthetics and stimulate chemical activities at the very point of ‘speed.’

여성의 질내 균총과 자궁경부암 세포주에 대한 천궁 지상부 추출물의 생육 억제능

오영지,김미리,정동선 서울여자대학교 자연과학연구소 2011 자연과학연구논문집 Vol.23 No.-

This study was carried out to investigate the usefulness of the aerial part of Cnidium officinale Makino as a bioactive material source. The aerial parts (leaf and stem) of Cnidium officinale Makino was extracted with three kinds of solvents and tested for their growth inhibiting activities against harmful and beneficial bacteria. The ethyl acetate fraction completely inhibited the growth of Candida albicans and Staphylococcus epidermidis at the concentration of 0.625 mg/mL. However, the ethyl acetate fraction of Cnidium officinale Makino did not significantly retard the growth of Lactobacillus plantarum, which is a beneficial normal flora of the genital tract, even at concentration of 1.0 mg/mL. The ethyl acetate fraction of the aerial parts also exhibited cytotoxic effect against HeLa cells with an estimated IC50 of 45 µg/mL, and lowered protein expression level of Bcl-2 in the HeLa cells, which is an anti-apoptotic protein. These results suggest that the aerial part of Cnidium officinale Makino, as well as the rhizomes, may be useful herbal source for certain medicinal application by restricting the growth of many potential pathogens without any adverse effect on growth of beneficial bacteria such as lactic acid bacteria. Key words:Cnidium officinale Makino, leaf and stem, antifungal activity, antimicrobial activity, lactic acid bacteria.

소형주택 모델하우스에 나타난 주거용 빌트인 가구의 계획특성

김다영, 차승언, 김미경 충북대학교 생활과학연구소 2013 생활과학연구논총 Vol.17 No.2

The purpose of this study was to analyze the planning characteristics of built-in furniture in small-sized urban type housing. A case study was used to analyze and classify the functional and formal characteristics of built-in furniture applied in urban type housing of Seoul in the first half of 2012. Findings of the study were as follows: (1) The most important characteristic of built-in furniture was multi-functional aspect which was focused on the combination of furnitures. The second characteristic was formal aspect which was focused on the rapidity of installation and dismantling, and ease of movement. (2) Most of built-in furnitures had multi-functionality as functional aspect by combination of some furnitures including beds, chairs, tables and clothes dryers, electronic devices such as refrigerators and washing machines, and the other residential space elements such as stairs and partitions. (3) The flexibility as formal aspect of built-in furnitures was divided into folding/unfolding, opening/closing, and moving/separating. This study shows that the combination of multi-functionality and flexibility of the housing built-in furniture will be more ideal in small-sized housing planning rather than relying on just one type.

인천지역 여자 중학생의 식습관이 비만에 미치는 영향

정미영,우경자 동아시아식생활학회 1997 동아시아식생활학회지 Vol.7 No.1

The 297 middle school girls in Inchon were devided into three groups according to body mass index (BMI), the underweight group, the normal weight group and obese group to find out relationship between their food habits, food preference, and obesity. The average height and weight are 159.40㎝, 67.02㎏ for obese group, 158.17㎝, 39.11㎏ for underweight group, 156.93㎝, 53.78㎏ for normal weight group. Obese group feels that they are healthy and fat, and their parents are fat also than the other groups. Obese group took more exercise. Total Food habits scores of obese group were lower than the other two groups. In terms of supper, bedtime-snack, unbalanced diet, balanced intake of five basic food groups, obese group had lower scores. Especially, intake of carbohydrate, protein, milk group were irregular. There is no significant different in size of meal, overeating, eating speed. The preferences of fast food, instant food, high caloric density food were lower in obese group than in the other two groups. The mother of obese group prepared meals according to food composition and prepared little snacks.

다발성 무치근 치아에 대한 치과적 처치

이미숙,이긍호,최영철 대한소아치과학회 2001 大韓小兒齒科學會誌 Vol.28 No.2

감각신경아세포종으로 생후 1년 6개월부터 약 1년간 6주기의 화학요법과 생후 1년 6개월에 29회에 걸친 방사선 조사(AP 4540 R+LAT 1080 R : total 5620 R)를 받은 후 후유증으로 상악치아 및 상악골의 발육장애를 보이는 10세 남아의 임상적, 방사선학적 관찰 및 치료 후 다음과 같은 지견을 얻었기에 보고하는 바이다. 1. 성장중인 어린이에서 악성종양의 치료를 위한 방사선 조사는 연조직 및 경조직(골, 연골, 치아)등의 성장장애를 유발할 수 있으므로 시술 전 충분한 고려가 필요하다. 2. 치배의 손상은 치관 및 치근의 형성장애를 유발하고 이에 따라 치조골의 성장장애가 나타나므로 치근이 없는 치아일지라도 치조골의 흡수를 억제하기 위하여 hawley type의 부분의치 등을 이용하여 잔존시켜야 한다. 3. 향후 성장이 완료된 이후(만 18세 이상)에 무치근 치아 및 무치악 부위에 틀니(denture)나 임플란트 등의 보철수복이 필요할 것으로 여겨진다. Chemotherapy and radiotherapy used on pediatric oncology patients often causes dentofacial anomalies. Defects noted include tooth and root agenesis, root thinning, root shortening, localized enamel defect and maxillofacial underdevelopment. The effect of radiotherapy usually is confined to the radiation site but the effect of chemotherapy may be more wide spread becuase of its systemic distribution. Many pediatric cancers are treated with a combination of radiation and multiagent chemotherapy. Dental treatment affected by chemotherapy and radiation therapy damate to developing teeth and maxilloface includes retention of teeth, space maintenance, prosthetic considerations, requirements for oral hygiene. The following case related to multiple rootless teeth.

가정의례시 상호부조 비용 결정변인 분석

김영숙,심미영 慶星大學校 1996 論文集 Vol.17 No.4

In Summary, this paper is Analysis of Contribution for Congratulation Condolences Expenditure in Pusan Metropolitan Households. The results of the survey are as follows; 1. Contribution for Congratulation Condolences Expenditure has 10.6% in Total Consumption Expenditure. Congratulation Expenditure is 58% of C.C.C.E. 2. Analysis of Marginal Propensity to Consume and Income Elasticity of Consumption Expenditures. ① For Marginal Propensity to Consume, 35~39 age in Age of Household head, 10~14 years in Married age, and the production and transportation equipment operators groups in Household Head Occupation are the highest. ② The Income Elasticity coeffcient of all items is less than 1, except Age of Household Head. 3. Analysis of Contribution for Congratulation Condolences Expenditure according to Socio-Economic and Demographic Variables. ① Contribution for Congratulation Expenditure is significant at p<.05 level in accordance with Age of Household Head, Family Life-cycles, Dual Earner Couples and Income. ② Contribution for Condolences Expenditure is significant at p<.05 level in accordance with Married Ages, Family Life-cycle and Income. 4. Analysis of Determination Variables in Contribution for Congratulation Condolences Expenditure. ① Contribution for Congratulation Expenditure is to determine the load of Household, Income and the necessity of C.C.C.E. ② Contribution for Condolences Expenditure is to determine Age of Household Head. Level of Education and Over-Consumption.

D-Amino Acid Aminotransferase 활성보유 고온성미생물의 탐색 및 분류학적 특성 연구

곽미선,이승구,정상철,서승현,이재흥,전영중,김영호,성문희 충남대학교 약학대학 의약품개발연구소 1999 藥學論文集 Vol.15 No.-

To acquire an industrially useful biocatalyst for the enzymatic synthesis and production of various D-amino acids, 1,300 thermophiles isolated from the soil of Korea were analyzed for D-amino acid aminotransferase (D-AAT) activity. The enzyme activity was found from 110 strains of isolated thermophiles revealing its wide occurrence in thermophiles. Enzyme activity and thermal stability of the D-AAT producers were compared. Finally we have selected four thermophiles as producers of potent biocatalysts for the D-amino acid production; two therrnophiles, Bacillus sp. LK-I and LK-2, having higher specific activity and two thermophiles, B. stearothermophilus KL-01 and Bacillus sp. KLS-0l, having higher thermal stability than the D-AAT producers. Taxonomic and physiological characteristics of the four isolated thermophiles were described herein.

어린이 김치 표준화에 대한 연구(1) : 어린이 김치의 담금법 개발 Development of the Preparation of Kimchi for the Children

송영옥,전영수,권명자,빈성미,김은희,문정원,김명 부산대학교 가정대학 1995 家政大學硏究報告 Vol.21 No.-

The purpose of this study is reporting the results of first trial for the standardization of children's kimchi in terms of brining standardization, development for the recipe ad pannel test for the children's kimchi. In order to develop the standard recipe for children's kimchi, our research team have visited kimchi factories, temples and houses located in Pusan and Kyung-Sang Nam Do province. Three kinds of chinese cabbage kimchi (hamyang, haeundae, and jinrae kimchi named by region where we collected) which got the top three highest score in panel testing was selected. The original recipes of these kimchi were sightly modified to prepared the kimchi at laboratory. Among three of them, hamyang kimchi which contained dried anchovy power was selected as a model kimchi for development of the children's kimchi recipe. We find out that the optimal salt concentration of brined cabbage and kimchi for the children's kimchi (sliced style kimchi, approximately 2.5X3cm a piece) that showed the hightest pennel score were approximately 1.5% and 2.0%, respectively. The salt concentration of brined cabbage became 1.5, 1.43, and 1.60% after 60 min at 10% brining solution, 45 min at 12% and 30 min at 15%, respectively. The developed recipe used for the children's kimchi at our team is as follows. The major ingredients used for the preparation of kimchi is brined sliced chinese cabbage (salt concentration is 1.5%) 1kg galic 11g, ginger 5.0g, red pepper powder 20.0g, fermented anchovy juice 25.0g, fermented shrimp juice 5.0g dried anchovy and sea weed extracts 30.0g, anchovy power 2.4g glutinious rice gel 40.0g, starch syrup, 10.0g, and apple juice 22.5g. The total acceptability test of developed children's kimchi (test kimchi) was carried out with 84 of 6th grade student during lunch time at elementary school in Pusan where has a school lunch program. Sixty nine percent of student answered test kimchi is very good, 25% of them said it is fair, and only 6% of students answered they didn't like test kimchil. However, for the kimchi supplied from school at lunch, 52% students answered the kimchi is good, 26% of them said it is fair, and 22% of them said they don't like school supplied kimchi. This result tells us that the test kimchi is better than school supplied kimchi and the test kimchi can be developed further as a children's kimchi.

어린이 김치 표준화에 대한 연구 : 어린이 김치에 적합한 고추가루 The Proper Red Pepper Powder for Children's Kimchi

송영옥,빈성미,문정원 부산대학교 김치연구소 1996 김치의 과학과 기술 Vol.2 No.-

This study is a continuous work for the standardization of children's kimchi preparation. In order to find out the proper red pepper powder for children's kimchi, four kinds of red pepper powder(A, B, C, D) sold in Kyungsang province were used as samples. The proximate composition, color value, capsaicinoids concentration and sugar content in four kinds of the red pepper powder were determined, and sensory evaluation of kimchi prepared with those was carried out for different fermentation times. Moisture contents of red pepper powder A, B, C and D were in the range of 11.59∼13.48%. Lipid and ash contents of samples were in the range of 7.59∼8.39% and 4.34∼7.45%, respectively. In comparision of color values measured by a Hunter colorimeter, red pepper powder A showed the highest value for a and b values. Also A showed the brightest color as measured in ASTA color and L value. Capsaicin concentration of D and dihydrocapsaicin concentration of C were found to be the highest among the samples. The capsaicin equivalent was in the order of D>C>A>B. The content of total sugar was in the order of B>A>D>C. In the sensory evaluation of children's kimchi prepared with four kinds of red pepper powder, the color and total acceptability of kimchi prepared with A were found to be the best. The results of sensory evaluation between kimchi prepared with A and school supplied kimchi showed that the former was better. And the composition of A red pepper powder was as follows: capsaicin equivalent 24.15㎎%, total sugar content 15.79% and ASTA color value 178.2.