Korean Ideophone Harmony in Optimal Domains Theory

Mi-Hui Cho,Shinsook Lee 한국음운론학회 1997 음성·음운·형태론 연구 Vol.3 No.-

Cho, Mi-Hui and Shinsook Lee. 1997. Korean Ideophone Harmony in Optimal Domains Theory. Studies in Phonetics, Phonology and Morphology 3. 279-294. In this paper we provide a unified account of ideophone harmony in Korean within Optimal Domains Theory. In particular, we show that both high vowel transparency and /u/ variation can be accounted for in a principled way without the problematic underspecification theory; high vowel transparency derives by ranking *[- ATR, + Hi]Noninitia! and WSAword over Expression, while /u/ variation results from ranking Expression over *[-ATH, +Hi]Noninitia!. Further, we show that the feature cooccurrence constraint of *[- ATR, +Hi] is subject to positional sensitivity in Korean ideophone harmony. (Hoseo University and Pukyong National University and Hoseo University)

Ordering Problems in Phonological Acquisition

Mi-Hui Cho,Shinsook Lee 한국음운론학회 2000 음성·음운·형태론 연구 Vol.6 No.1

Cho, Mi-Hui and Lee, Shinsook. 2000. Ordering Problems in Phonological Acquisition. Studies in Phonetics, Phonology and Morphology 6.1. 137-157. In this paper we show that a constraint-based approach provides a better account of second and first language data than a rule-based one does, by analyzing both the chain shift effect noted in the Korean speakers' English learning process, and coalescence and vowel nasalization observed in child English. Specifically, the constraint-based account solves several problems raised in the rule-based approach in terms of alternating constraint rankings which reflect markedness: the problem of extrinsically ordered rule applications, production of non-surface-true forms at intermediate levels, and the ad-hoc way of accounting for optional forms. Furthermore, this paper proposes that input representations play an important role in accounting for acquisition data because the input representations of an interlanguage and a developing language may be different from those of the target language in that marked features of input representations may be unspecified in the interlanguage or in the developing language. (Pukyong National University and Hoseo University)

Phonological transparency and opacity in the sound substitutions of interlanguages

Mi-Hui Cho,Shinsook Lee 한국음운론학회 2001 음성·음운·형태론 연구 Vol.7 No.2

Cho, Mi-Hui and Shinsook Lee. 2001. Phonological transparency and opacity in the sound substitution of interlanguages. Studies in Phonetics. Phonology and Morphology. 7.2. 449-468.This paper examines the acquisition of English coronal fricatives by Japanese and Korean EFL learners. It has been noticed that Japanese and Korean learners show different patterns in producing English target coronal fricatives. Specifically, while Japanese learners of English produce target-appropriate realizations of English /s/ in prevocalic position, they tend to palatalize target /s/ before /i/, thus producing /?/ By contrast, Korean speakers of English are likely to produce target /s/ in prevocalic position as the tense alveolar fricative [s']. Further, they palatalize this target before /i/, thus producing the palatalized tense [?']. The palatalized surface form [?] by Japanese learners shows phonological transparency, whereas the palatalized tense [?'] by Korean learners shows phonological opacity because of the tense feature. It is proposed that the difference between Korean and Japanese learners' substitution patterns is not due to different rule applications but due to candidate-to-candidate faithfulness, namely a sympathy constraint. In addition, Japanese learners replace the English interdental fricative /Θ/ with the alveolar fricative [s], while Korean learners replace it with the tense alveolar fricative [s']. When target /Θ/ occurs before /i/, the unpalatalized form [s] or [s'] emerges rather than the expected palatalized form [?J or [?'] in both interlanguages. It is argued that this substitution pattern can also be handled with the same constraint ranking within Optimality Theory with Sympathy Theory. (Pukyong National University and Hoseo University)

Evidence for constraint promotion in acquisition: cases of vowel lengthening and onset constraints

Mi-Hui Cho 한국음운론학회 2002 음성·음운·형태론 연구 Vol.8 No.1

Cho, Mi-Hui. 2002. Evidence for constraint promotion in acquisition: cases of vowel lengthening and onset constraints. Studies in Phonetics, Phonology and Morphology. 8-1. 149-164. Most researchers who adopt Optimality Theory in phonological acquisition account for the discrepancy between child system and adult system by different rankings. In particular, it is generally assumed that markedness constraints outrank relevant antagonistic faithfulness constraints in the initial state of child grammar. Then, the markedness constraints gradually demote to the extent that the faithfulness constraints outrank the markedness constraints when children become to produce adult forms. In this paper, however, it is shown that the demotion-only theory cannot give a principled account of onsetless words and vowel lengthening in developing child systems. Specifically, the markedness constraints such as Onset and Lengthen that require the presence of structure do not demote but promote when the markedness constraints are reranked because they are ranked low at the initial stage of acquisition. On the other hand, demotion-and-promotion theory not only accounts for onsetless syllables and vowel lengthening in developing systems but also gives an insight to categorize markedness constraints with respect to the presence and absence of structure. (Pukyong National University)

Sound replacement in the acquisition of English consonant clusters: a constraint-based approach

Shinsook Lee,Mi-Hui Cho 한국음운론학회 2002 음성·음운·형태론 연구 Vol.8 No.2

Lee, Shinsook, and Mi-Hui Cho. 2002. Sound replacement in the acquisition of English consonant clusters: a constraint-based approach. Studies in Phonetics, Phonology and Morphology. 8.2. 255-271. This paper investigates Korean EFL learners' production errors involving sound replacement in the acquisition of English consonant clusters. Specifically, this paper shows that the predominant replacement errors with the laviodental fricative /f/, the interdental /θ/, and the alveopalatal /∫/ in the acquisition of English consonant clusters (e.g. flat [plæt], three [s'ri], scarf[skarp], month [mΛns], shrimp [s'rlmp]) can be accounted for by the interaction between markedness constraints such as f and θ, and faithfulness constraints within a constraint-based theory. The paper also considers complex error patterns involving sound substitution and vowel epenthesis or consonant deletion (e.g. shrimp [s'irimp], shrub [s'Λb]) and shows that these patterns can be accounted for by the alternating ranking among Max(segment), Dep(segment) and Complex. In addition, the substitution of [s'] for /∫/ in the acquisition of /∫r/ sequence and the realization of [t'] for target /θ/ in case of /θr/ sequence are shown to demonstrate cases of the emergence of the unmarked; otherwise low-ranked markedness constraints on place and manner playa crucial role in the selection of the optimal output. (Hoseo University and Pukyong National University)

Base Identity and Affix Classes in English

Shinsook Lee,Mi-Hui Cho 한국음운론학회 1998 음성·음운·형태론 연구 Vol.4 No.-

Shinsook Lee and Mi-Hui Cho. 1998. Base Identity and Affix Classes in English. Studies in Phonetics, Phonology, and Morphology 4, 207-226. In this paper we account for the different phonological behavior of level 1 and level 2 suffixes in English within the framework of Correspondence Theory. We show that the constraint-based analysis provides a better explanation of this phenomenon than does the rule-based model. Specifically, we propose that the Base Identity Constraint, which requires an identity relation between the source word base and the suffixed-form, is responsible for the phonological differences between level l and level 2 suffixes. We also demonstrate that a constraint ranking, which reflects the sonority principle and markedness, accounts for the realization of nasals and labials as codas over obstruents and coronals, respectively. In addition, we show that the Sonority Sequencing Principle and the Peak Constraint contribute to accounting for Sonorant Syllabification. (Hoseo University and Pukyong National University)

Cooccurrence Restrictions and Optimal Syllabification in English

Lee,Shinsook,Cho, Mi-Hui 대한언어학회 2000 언어학 Vol.8 No.3

Lee, Shinsook and Cho, Mi-hui. 2000. Cooccurrence Restrictions and Optimal Syllabification in English. Journal of the Linguistic Association of Korea, 8(3), 123-138. In this paper, we examine the cooccurrence restrictions in American English: coronals are prohibited from occurring before [y] in syllable-initial position; the sequence of a coronal and [y] occurs only in unstressed medial position, and the vowel which follows the sequence must be [u] but not others. First of all, we show that the cooccurrence restrictions can be accounted for within Correspondence Theory, without a strict rule ordering. In particular, we show that optimal syllabification, which is determined by a constraint hierarchy where markedness constraints dominate relevant faithfulness constraints, provides a unified account of the cooccurrence facts without several derivational steps. We also demonstrate that the occurrence of the sequence of a consonant plus [y] only before the vowel [u] can be accounted for by positing the input representation of the vowel [u] as /ru/, thus dispensing with an abstract underlying representation or ad-hoc rules for [yu]. Moreover, we do not need to employ controversial resyllabification in order to account for the distributional facts concerning the sequence of coronal-yu in unstressed medial position. (Hoseo University and Pukyong National University)

농촌 자활사업참여자의 음주 문제 개입프로그램 개발: 동기강화상담의 적용

이종례(Jong Rea Lee),장수미(Soo Mi Jang),허성희(Seong Hui Heo) 한국지역사회복지학회 2022 한국지역사회복지학 Vol.- No.83

본 연구의 목적은 동기강화상담(Motivational Interviewing: MI) 모델을 적용하여 농촌 자활사업참여자의 음주 문제 개입프로그램을 개발하는 것이다. 개입연구(Intervention Research: IR)의 절차에 따라 문헌고찰, 실무자 인터뷰를 시행한 후 농촌 자활사업참여자의 음주문제 양상을 파악하고, 동기강화상담의 원리와 전략에 기반하여 1차 프로그램을 구성하였다. 전문가 자문을 통해 수정 보완 후 2차 프로그램을 도출하였고, 음주 문제를 가진 농촌 자활사업참여자를 실험집단(n=10)과 통제집단(n=10)으로 무작위 배치한 후, 실험집단에 동기강화상담 기반 음주 문제 개입프로그램을 실시하였다. 사전‧사후‧추후 조사를 통해 개입프로그램의 효과성을 평가한 결과, 실험집단의 음주 지식, 단주 자기효능감, 변화 동기, 음주 문제, 자활 성과의 사전‧사후 점수에서 유의미한 변화가 발생하였고, 음주 문제를 제외한 모든 변인에서 사전‧추후 점수의 유의미한 변화가 나타났다. 음주 문제의 경우 사전‧추후, 사후‧추후 모두 유의미한 변화가 발생하지 않아 효과성이 유지되지 않음을 확인하였다. 이후 현장 실험 결과에 대한 피드백을 반영하여 최종(3차) 프로그램을 개발하였다. 결론에서는 주요 연구 결과를 바탕으로 논의하고, 자활 현장을 중심으로 사회복지 실천 및 정책에의 함의를 제시하였다. The purpose of this study is to develop an intervention program for the drinking problem of participants in rural self-sufficiency center by applying the Motivational Interviewing(MI) model. According to the stages of Intervention Research(IR), the aspects of drinking problems of rural self-sufficiency participants was identified through literature review and interviews with practitioners, and the 1st program was constructed based on the principles and strategies of MI. After revising with experts advice, a 2nd program was derived, and rural self-sufficiency participants with drinking problems into an experimental group(n=10) and a control group(n=10) by random assignment, MI was conducted only in the experimental group. As a result of the program, significant changes occurred in the pre and post scores of the experimental group’s drinking knowledge, abstinence self-efficacy, change motive, drinking problem, and self-sufficiency outcomes, and significant changes in pre and 6 weeks later scores were found in all variables except for drinking problems. The drinking problem was not significant in pre and 6 weeks later, post and 6 weeks later, it could be seen that the effectiveness was not maintained. The 3rd(final) program was developed by evaluating the effectiveness of the programs, and reflecting feedbacks from field experiment. In conclusion, the implications for social welfare practices and policies were presented, focusing on the field of self-sufficiency.

Provisional implant의 임상적 적용례

안선희,안경미,이경원,장보영,안미라,손동석 大韓顎顔面成形再建外科學會 2003 Maxillofacial Plastic Reconstructive Surgery Vol.25 No.1

It has been reported that for implatns to become osseointegrated, they must heal in the absence of functional loads for 4 to 6 months. The provisional implants were designed to support provisional restorations and to allow for load-free osseointegration of definitive implants, while the was provided with immediate esthetic and function. In addition, the provisional implant protects graft site. Also the provisional implant provides anchorage for orthodontic treatment and reconstructs vertical dimension in edentulous condyle fracture to practice functional therapy. The provisional implant system is a sound and economical method to achieve patient's immediate masticatory and esthetic function. Three cases are presented to document and illustrate the clinical application.

좌측 전대뇌동맥 영역의 뇌경색 후 발생한 초피질성 혼합 실어증 1예

심미섭,이연수,김은희,이인숙,한설희 대한치매학회 2003 Dementia and Neurocognitive Disorders Vol.2 No.1

We present a case of transcortical mixed aphasia (TMA) presumably caused by left anterior cerebral artery infarction. A 53-year-old, right-handed woman suddenly developed speech disturbance and abnormal behavior. Her spontaneous speech was remarkably reduced to almost mutistic state and objective naming, comprehension, reading and writing were severely impaired. However, repetition of phonemes and sentences were fully preserved. She showed echolalia and completion phenomenon, which prompted us to make a diagnosis of TMA. Although the lesion was confined to extrasylvian area on MRI, SPECT demonstrated diminished blood flow left perisylvian cortices suggestive of functional isolation of speech area. In spite of her echolalic repetition, she couldn't repeat affective prosody, presumably, because of the left anterior corpus callosal lesion. Treatment with bromocriptine, a dopamine agonist helped her recovery of behavioral changes, namely abulia or akinetic mutism consisitent with mesial frontal syndrome.