THE POWER OF MONEY: COMPARING MIDDLE CLASS ATTITUDES IN INDIA AND KOREA

Altaf Merchant,Gregory Rose,Sunmee Choi,Drew Martin 글로벌지식마케팅경영학회 2016 Global Marketing Conference Vol.2016 No.7

Prior research in the U.S. documents the interaction between societal changes, money meanings, and family dynamics in the U.S. (Commuri & Gentry, 2005; Rose & Orr, 2007) and India (Merchant, Rose, & Gour, 2015). The present study extends this line of inquiry by examining and contrasting the money attitudes of couples, money meanings, and dynamics of money management within families of two horizontal collectivist nations (Triandis & Gelfand, 1998): India and South Korea. Twelve and six married couples were interviewed in India and Korea respectively. Both nations are horizontal collectivist nations that place a high value on the perceptions and respect of others. Thus, respondents from both nations emphasize the importance of consuming to convey status and keeping up with their neighbors. Indians frequently discuss religious and mythological texts related to money, doing one’s duty, and prosperity’s fickle nature. In contrast, Koreans are less apt to explicitly discuss religious and mythological texts. They appear to be somewhat more present oriented regarding their attitudes toward money and spending. Findings reveal that Koreans focus on security, respect money’s positive utility and necessity, and greed’s potential pitfalls. Koreans seem less concerned about on saving and focus more on enjoying life. Indians link saving to dharma (doing their duty) and supporting their children. Koreans also place a high value on family and supporting their children, but they appear less concerned about the success of future generations than Indians. These differences appear consistent with cultural values and reflect differences in economic development. For example, the homemaker is highly revered in the Hindu religion and Indian culture (Bharat, 2012) where the role is tied to doing one’s dharmatic duty. Korean and other cultures also revere nurturance within the family, but this reverence tends to be expressed within the culture’s specific economic and historical circumstances. Compared to Korea, Indian culture seems less egalitarian and more conservative in attitudes toward woman.

喜劇論

Merchant, Moelwyn 동국대학교 연극영상학부 1979 演劇學報 Vol.12 No.-

Evidence for Enhanced Telomerase Activity in Barrett's Esophagus with Dysplasia and Adenocarcinoma

Merchant, Nipun B.,Dutta, Sudhir K.,Girotra, Mohit,Arora, Manish,Meltzer, Stephen J. Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2013 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.14 No.2

Background: Dysplasia and adenocarcinoma developing in Barrett's esophagus (BE) are not always endoscopically identifiable. Molecular markers are needed for early recognition of these focal lesions and to identify patients at increased risk of developing adenocarcinoma. The aim of the current study was to correlate increased telomerase activity (TA) with dysplasia and adenocarcinoma occurring in the setting of BE. Materials and Methods: Esophageal mucosal biopsies were obtained from patients (N=62) who had pathologically verified BE at esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD). Mucosal biopsies were also obtained from the gastric fundus as controls. Based on histopathology, patients were divided into three groups: 1) BE without dysplasia (n=24); 2) BE with dysplasia (both high grade and low grade, n=13); and 3) BE with adenocarcinoma (n=25). TA was measured by a PCR-based assay (TRAPeze$^{(R)}$ ELISA Telomerase Detection Kit). Statistical analyses were performed using one-way ANOVA and post-hoc Bonferroni testing. Results: TA was significantly higher in biopsies of BE with dyplasia and BE with adenocarcinoma than in BE without dysplasia. Subgroup analyses did not reveal any significant correlations between TA and patient age, length of BE, or presence of gastritis. Conclusions: Telomerase activity in esophageal mucosal biopsies of BE may constitute a useful biomarker for the early detection of esophageal dysplasia and adenocarcinoma.

CIM과 高級 工作機械技術의 動向

Merchant, M. E 대한기계학회 1982 大韓機械學會誌 Vol.22 No.4

최근 제조업과 공작기계 기술에 있어 세계를 지배하는 추세는 CIM (computer integrated manufacturing)의 도입이다. 그 이유는 CIM을 도입하여 발전시키고 개발시키는 국가에 대해서 장기적인 경제적, 사회적 이익을 주기 때문인 것이다. 이러한 추세는 제조업과 공작기계 분야에 컴퓨터와 관련된 기술의 개발과 응용에 있어 다음의 5가지 영역으로 구분된다. 즉, 일체화된 제조 소프트웨어 시스템 (integrated manufacturing software system), 그룹 기술 (group technology), 구획식제온 (cellular manufacturing), 공작기계의 컴퓨터제어 및 시험, 그리고 컴퓨터 제어식 산업 로봇(robot) 및 가변 제조(flexible manufacturing)이다. 미국에서 이러한 각 분야에 행해지고 있는 예로 응용되고 있으며, CIM이 가져다 주는 경제적, 사회적 이익을 추구 하는 국가들에 의해 많이 연구되고 있다. 이러한 노력은 이십세기말 이전에 이들 국가의 제조 업에 대단한 변화를 가져올 것이다.

KOREAN INTERPERSONAL PATTERNS : IMPLICATIONS FOR KOREAN/AMERICAN INTERCULTURAL COMMUNICATION

Merchant, Jerrold J 한국행정학회 1979 韓國行政學報 Vol.13 No.-

Association between Serum Antibodies to Oral Microorganisms and Hyperglycemia in Adults

Merchant, A.T.,Shrestha, D.,Chaisson, C.,Choi, Y.H.,Hazlett, L.J.,Zhang, J. SAGE Publications 2014 Journal of dental research Vol.93 No.8

<P>We conducted a cross-sectional analysis to evaluate the relationship between serum antibody titers against 19 selected oral microorganisms and measures of hyperglycemia in a large, nationally representative data set. The study population consisted of 7,848 participants from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey III (1988-1994) who were at least 40 yrs old, with complete serum IgG antibody data against 19 oral microorganisms. The 19 antibody titers were grouped into 4 categories via cluster analysis—orange-red, yellow-orange, orange-blue, and red-green—named to reflect predominant antibody titers against microorganisms in Socransky’s classification scheme for oral microbes. Linear regression models weighted for complex survey design were used in which fasting blood glucose, fasting insulin, and HbA1c were outcomes and antibody cluster scores were exposures, adjusting for potential confounders. Higher orange-red cluster scores were associated with increased hyperglycemia, while higher orange-blue cluster scores were related with decreased hyperglycemia. A 1-unit-higher orange-red cluster score was associated with 0.46 mg/dL higher fasting blood glucose (<I>p</I> = .0038), and a 1-unit-higher orange-blue cluster score was associated with 0.34% lower HbA1c (<I>p</I> = .0257). Groups of antibody titers against periodontal microorganisms were associated with hyperglycemia independent of known risk factors.</P>

The Role of Quality of Relations in Succession Planning of Family Businesses in India

Parimal Merchant,Arya Kumar,Debasis Mallik 한국유통과학회 2017 The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Busine Vol.4 No.3

Considerable research has been done on the issue of succession in family businesses. However the process of induction, of preparing the members of the next generation for joining the family business has not been examined in detail. This paper attempts to analyse the relevance of three critical factors – ‘quality of relations’, ‘willingness of the inductee’ and ‘the ability to manage tensions harmoniously’ - to the induction process and the progress of the business. It focuses on the Indian context, specifically in the Small and medium Enterprise (SME) area. Qualitative research has been carried out. The Case Study method is used and data has been gathered from two families (including two branches of one family), using frequent unstructured interviews, over a period of five years. It is concluded that positive impact on business, family and the inductee depends to a large extent on the quality of relations, willingness of the inductee and the ability of both the inductor and inductee to handle and manage the tensions. Thus the findings of the study extend current understanding about succession drivers to the specific context of eastern cultural and developing economy represented by the Indian family businesses in the small and medium enterprise sector.

Comparing Seroma Formation at the Deep Inferior Epigastric Perforator, Transverse Musculocutaneous Gracilis, and Superior Gluteal Artery Perforator Flap Donor Sites after Microsurgical Breast Reconstruction

Alisha Merchant,Nicole E. Speck,Michal Michalak,Dirk J. Schaefer,Jian Farhadi 대한성형외과학회 2022 Archives of Plastic Surgery Vol.49 No.4

Background Seroma formation is the most common donor site complication following autologous breast reconstruction, along with hematoma. Seroma may lead to patient discomfort andmay prolong hospital stay or delay adjuvant treatment. The aim of this study was to compare seroma rates between the deep inferior epigastric perforator (DIEP), transverse musculocutaneous gracilis (TMG), and superior gluteal artery perforator (SGAP) donor sites. Methods The authors conducted a retrospective single-center cohort study consisting of chart review of all patients who underwent microsurgical breast reconstruction from April 2018 to June 2020. The primary outcome studied was frequency of seroma formation at the different donor sites. The secondary outcome evaluated potential prognostic properties associated with seroma formation. Third, the number of donor site seroma evacuations was compared between the three donor sites. Results Overall, 242 breast reconstructions were performed in 189 patients. Demographic data were found statistically comparable between the three flap cohorts, except for body mass index (BMI). Frequency of seroma formation was highest at the SGAP donor site (75.0%), followed by the TMG (65.0%), and DIEP (28.6%) donor sites. No association was found between seroma formation and BMI, age at surgery, smoking status, diabetes mellitus, neoadjuvant chemotherapy, or DIEP laterality. The mean number of seroma evacuations was significantly higher in the SGAP and the TMG group compared with the DIEP group.

The Role of Quality of Relations in Succession Planning of Family Businesses in India

Parimal Merchant,Arya Kumar,Debasis Mallik 한국유통과학회 2017 한국유통과학회 학술대회 논문집 Vol.2017 No.-

Considerable research has been done on the issue of succession in family businesses. However the process of induction, of preparing the members of the next generation for joining the family business has not been examined in detail. This paper attempts to analyse the relevance of three critical factors - ‘quality of relations’, ‘willingness of the inductee’ and ‘the ability to manage tensions harmoniously’ - to the induction process and the progress of the business. It focuses on the Indian context, specifically in the Small and medium Enterprise (SME) area. Qualitative research has been carried out. The Case Study method is used and data has been gathered from two families (including two branches of one family), using frequent unstructured interviews, over a period of five years. It is concluded that positive impact on business, family and the inductee depends to a large extent on the quality of relations, willingness of the inductee and the ability of both the inductor and inductee to handle and manage the tensions. Thus the findings of the study extend current understanding about succession drivers to the specific context of eastern cultural and developing economy represented by the Indian family businesses in the small and medium enterprise sector.

Healthy aging and chronic kidney disease

( Reshma Aziz Merchant ),( Anantharaman Vathsala ) 대한신장학회 2022 Kidney Research and Clinical Practice Vol.41 No.6

The world population is aging and the prevalence of noncommunicable diseases such as chronic kidney disease (CKD) will increase significantly. With advances in medical treatment and public health, the human lifespan continues to outpace the health span and the last decade of life is generally spent in poor health. In 2015, the World Health Organization defined healthy aging as ‘the process of developing and maintaining the functional ability that enables wellbeing in older age.’ CKD is increasingly being recognized as a model of accelerated aging and is associated with physical performance decline, cognitive decline, falls and fractures, poor quality of life, loss of appetite, and inflammation. Frailty and dementia are the final pathways and key determinants of disability and mortality independent of underlying disease. CKD, dementia, and frailty share a triangular relationship with synergistic actions and have common risk factors wherein CKD accelerates frailty and dementia through mechanisms such as uremic toxicity, metabolic acidosis and derangements, anorexia and malnutrition, dialysis-related hemodynamic instability, and sleep disturbance. Frailty accelerates glomerular filtration decline as well as dialysis induction in CKD and more than doubles the mortality risk. Anorexia is one of the major causes of protein-energy malnutrition, which is also prevalent in the aging population and warrants screening. Healthcare systems across the world need to have a system in place for the prevention of CKD amongst high-risk older adults, focusing on screening for poor prognostic factors amongst patients with CKD such as frailty, poor appetite, and cognitive impairment and providing necessary person-centered interventions to reverse underlying factors that may contribute to poor outcomes.