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Multi-scan smoothing for tracking manoeuvering target trajectory in heavy cluttered environment
Memon, Sufyan,Son, Hungsun,Memon, Kashif Hussain,Ansari, Arsalan Institution of Electrical Engineers 2017 IET radar, sonar & navigation Vol.11 No.12
<P>An automatic target tracking algorithm must be capable of dealing with an unknown number of targets and their trajectory behaviour inside the surveillance region. However, due to target motion uncertainties, heavily populated clutter measurements and low detection probabilities of targets, the smoothing algorithms often fail to detect the true number of target trajectories. In this study, the authors discussed some deficiencies and insignificances of existing smoothing algorithms and proposed a new smoothing data association based algorithm called fixed-interval integrated track splitting smoothing (ITS-S). The proposed algorithm employ smoothing data association algorithm and compared with existing smoothing algorithms outperform in terms of target trajectory accuracy and false-track discrimination (FTD). However, existing algorithms fail to generate smoothed target trajectory and provides insignificant FTD performance in such difficult environments as illustrated in this simulation study. The ITS-S shows improved smoothing performance compared with that of existing algorithms for a manoeuvering target tracking in a heavily populated cluttered environment and low detection probabilities.</P>
A Visualization Based Analysis on Dynamic Bandwidth Allocation Algorithms for Optical Networks
Kamran Ali Memon,Khalid Husain Mohmadani,Saleemullah Memon,Muhammad Abbas,Noor ul Ain International Journal of Computer ScienceNetwork S 2023 International journal of computer science and netw Vol.23 No.8
Dynamic Bandwidth Allocation (DBA) methods in telecommunication network & systems have emerged with mechanisms for sharing limited resources in a rapidly growing number of users in today's access networks. Since the DBA research trends are incredibly fast-changing literature where almost every day new areas and terms continue to emerge. Co - citation analysis offers a significant support to researchers to distinguish intellectual bases and potentially leading edges of a specific field. We present the visualization based analysis for DBA algorithms in telecommunication field using mainstream co-citation analysis tool-CiteSpace and web of science (WoS) analysis. Research records for the period of decade (2009-2018) for this analysis are sought from WoS. The visualization results identify the most influential DBA algorithms research studies, journals, major countries, institutions, and researchers, and indicate the intellectual bases and focus entirely on DBA algorithms in the literature, offering guidance to interested researchers on more study of DBA algorithms.
Memon, Anam Ali,Arbab, Alvira Ayoub,Patil, Supriya A.,Mengal, Naveed,Sun, Kyung Chul,Sahito, Iftikhar Ali,Jeong, Sung Hoon,Kim, Hak Sung Elsevier 2018 Applied catalysis. A, General Vol.566 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>A unique metallic carbon hybrid film, synthesized with synchronized distribution of bismuth sulfide (Bi<SUB>2</SUB>S<SUB>3</SUB>) and exfoliated multiwall carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs), has been proposed for use as freestanding textile electrodes in photo catalysts. The defect-rich morphology of Bi<SUB>2</SUB>S<SUB>3</SUB> nanowire decorated MWCNT hybrid enhances the photocatalytic activity, electronic properties, cyclic stability, and electron pathways. The proposed f-CNT@Bi<SUB>2</SUB>S<SUB>3</SUB>-hybrid linen fabric electrode demonstrated a defect-rich morphology synchronized with high electrical conductivity. These properties greatly enhanced the photocatalytic activity and electron transfer. The high photocatalytic activity is attributed to the synergistic effect of the high electron affinity of MWCNTs and the structural distortion caused by Bi<SUB>2</SUB>S<SUB>3</SUB> nanowires. Degradation of methylene blue dye was accelerated owing to the elevated activity of Bi<SUB>2</SUB>S<SUB>3</SUB> nanowires, which provides fast absorption of contaminants and reduction of oxidative species. Our proposed system of metallic carbon freestanding textile electrode opens the broad applications of textile-based photochemical devices.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> A flexible and highly conductive linen fabric is fabricated. </LI> <LI> The fabric is coated with carbon metallic films by doctor blade technique. </LI> <LI> The electrode is durable and highly photocatalytic active. </LI> <LI> The electrode is stable at various bending positions, against water and electrolyte. </LI> <LI> The surface resistance of the carbon metallic films coated fabric is only 19 Ω sq<SUP>−1</SUP>. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>
Memon, A.A.,Arbab, A.A.,Sahito, I.A.,Mengal, N.,Sun, K.C.,Qadir, M.B.,Choi, Y.S.,Jeong, S.H. Pergamon Press 2017 ELECTROCHIMICA ACTA Vol.234 No.-
<P>The proposed research presents significant progress in the photovoltaic performance of quasi-solid state dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) by synthesizing a highly electro-catalytic active activated charcoal decorated functionalized multi-walled carbon nanotube (MWCNT) composite electro-catalyst as a counter electrode (CE). The proposed carbon composite structure was synthesize by facile acid functionalization of MWCNTs followed by the addition of mesoporous activated charcoal, decorating the tubular graphitic structure of the CNTs. The carbon composite paste deposited on FTO glass by a sequential process of doctor blade coating under an air-drying technique. The porous functionalized mesoporous carbon (f-MC) with a dominant oxygen rich surface displays greatly enhanced electrocatalytic activity, low charge transfer resistance (RCT), and exceptional cyclic stability as compared with pristine CNTs. The DSSC fabricated with f-MC CE demonstrated efficient electrochemical characteristics and photovoltaic performance when fabricated with a high-viscosity quasi-solid electrolyte. The highly conductive and porous carbon structure locates manifold sites for tri-iodide reduction reaction. High mobility of the quasi-solid electrolyte within defect rich (f-MC) surface confirmed a low RCT of (0.60 Omega. cm(2)), and exhibited superior electrocatalytic activity compared to a conventional platinum (Pt) reference CE. The f-MC CE based DSSCs showed high power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 8.42%, exceeding the Pt reference CE of 8.11%. Based on the facile synthesis of f-MC composites and fabrication of CE, the proposed DSSCs stand out as efficient next generation solar cells. (C) 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.</P>
Memon, Sheeraz,Go, Sunghoon,Lee, Chang-Hee Wiley (John WileySons) 2013 Water environment research Vol.85 No.3
<P>Urban land-use areas with high imperviousness, such as bridges, highways, and parking lots, are known to be responsible for relatively large amounts of stormwater runoff and high concentration of pollutants particularly in the 'first flush'. This study was conducted to determine the effect of first flush from urban land-use sites located in Yongin City, Korea, on runoff amounts and pollutant concentration. It was observed that, on most pollutant parameters, the effect was apparent when the data were analyzed qualitatively but it was relatively weak when analyzed quantitatively. A stronger effect was observed from a bridge site than from a parking lot site. Pollutant loads, washed off at 40 and 60% runoff volume, respectively, were also determined for further analysis of the first flush effect to find an improved strategy for best management practices. In this study, no correlation was observed between rainfall intensity and runoff duration with first flush effect.</P>
Memon, M. A.,Sun, J. h.,Jung, H. T.,Yan, S. k.,Geng, J. x. SPRINGER VERLAG 2017 Chinese journal of polymer science Vol.35 No.3
<P>In this study, we demonstrate a novel method for fabricating polythiophene patterns, i.e., cylindrical holes and cylinders, through blending of a thermally curable polythiophene carrying with tertiary ester groups (PT-tert-ESTER) and poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA), followed by thermal conversion of the PT-tert-ESTER to an insoluble polythiophene via low-temperature cleavage of the tertiary ester groups and removal of the PMMA component via ultraviolet degradation. We show that the surface polarity of substrates, the mass ratio of PT-tert-ESTER to PMMA in the blend solutions as well as the concentration of the blend solutions strongly influence the formation of the polythiophene patterns. Cylindrical holes are more readily formed on less polar substrates when a PT-tert-ESTER dominated blend solution is used, while cylinders are more readily formed on more polar substrates when a PMMA dominated blend solution is used. Moreover, the diameters of both the cylindrical holes and the cylinders decrease as the PT-tert-ESTER concentration is increased in the respective ranges of the PT-tert-ESTER/PMMA ratios where the patterns are formed. Grazing incident X-ray diffraction data have indicated that the patterning of the PT-tert-ESTER component in the blend films improves the crystallinity of PT-tert-ESTER as well as the molecular packing of the insoluble polythiophene in the resultant patterned polythiophene films.</P>
Design of Multivariable PID Controllers: A Comparative Study
Memon, Shabeena,Kalhoro, Arbab Nighat International Journal of Computer ScienceNetwork S 2021 International journal of computer science and netw Vol.21 No.8
The Proportional Integral Derivative (PID) controller is the most popular industrial controller and more than 90% process industries use this controller. During the past 50 years, numerous good tuning methods have been proposed for Single Input Single Output Systems. However, design of PI/PID controllers for multivariable processes is a challenge for the researchers. A comparative study of three PID controllers design methods has been carried-out. These methods include the DS (Direct Synthesis) method, IMC (Internal model Control) method and ETF (Effective Transfer Function) method. MIMO PID controllers are designed for a number of 2×2, 3×3 and 4×4 process models with multiple delays. The performance of the three methods has been evaluated through simulation studies in Matlab/Simulink environment. After extensive simulation studies, it is found that the Effective Transfer Function (ETF) Method produces better output responses among two methods. In this work, only decentralized methods of PID controllers have been studied and investigated.