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Subbiah Meenakshisundaram,Madhuvarshinee Kondusamy Manohar,Vinothan Rabindran John Santha,Poornima Vijayakumar,Ramanarayanan Ragupathy,Manikandan Bose,Suresh Palaniappan,James Vijay Anto,Yegumuthu Kri 대한척추외과학회 2023 Asian Spine Journal Vol.17 No.2
Study Design: Prospective randomized controlled study.Purpose: This study aimed to assess the effects of a different combination of anesthetic techniques in lumbar and thoracolumbar spinal surgeries in terms of muscle relaxation and surgical field in addition to hemodynamic parameters.Overview of Literature: Adequate relaxation of the erector spinae muscle and good surgical fields are preferred in lumbar spine surgeries. The effects of anesthetic techniques on these parameters have not been evaluated from a surgeon’s perspective to date. We propose a novel combined anesthetic technique that improves the working conditions from a surgeon’s perspective as we hypothesize that combining general anesthesia (GA) with regional anesthesia (RA) might provide benefits for both techniques.Methods: A prospective randomized study of 76 patients who underwent lumbar and thoracolumbar surgeries was conducted by randomly allocating patients into three anesthetic groups: GA alone, GA with spinal anesthesia (SA), and GA with erector spinae plane block (ESPB) by the allocation concealment method to avoid selection bias. The working conditions were assessed by the same operating surgeon who was blinded by the type of anesthesia to eliminate the assessment bias. Muscle relaxation and surgical field were compared among the three groups along with other hemodynamic parameters to identify any significant differences.Results: Significantly better muscle relaxation, surgeon satisfaction, postoperative analgesia, and blood pressure (BP) were observed in the GA+RA when compared to GA alone (p <0.01), whereas no difference was observed between the GA+SA and GA+ESPB groups (p >0.05). Complications were only observed in the GA+SA group (19%).Conclusions: The study results suggest that the addition of RA to GA may provide better working conditions and surgeon’s satisfaction by improving relaxation of the erector spinae in addition to decreasing the BP and postoperative pain in contrast to the use of GA alone. The combined GA and ESPB techniques may be a viable anesthetic alternative to provide better working conditions for surgeons.
Manikandan, N. Muguntha,Selvasekarapandian, S.,Sivakumar, R.,Meenakshisundaram, V.,Raghunath, V.M. 대한방사선 방어학회 2001 방사선방어학회지 Vol.26 No.3
The activity concentration of primordial radionuclides i.e., 238U series, 232Th series and 40K, in soil samples collected from Udagamandalam environment, have been measured by employing NaI(Tl) Gamma ray Spectrometer. The absorbed gamma dose rate has also been simultaneously measured by using both Environmental Radiation Dosimeter at each soil sampling location (ambient gamma dose) as well as from the gamma dose derived from the activity concentration of the primordial radionuclides. The results of activity concentration of each radionuclides in soil, absorbed dose rate in air due to soil activity and possible cosmic radiation at each location along with human effective dose equivalent for Udagamandalam environment are presented and discussed.
Invasion potential of Kappaphycus alvarezii on corals at Kurusadai Island, Gulf of Mannar, India
Subir Kumar Mandal,Vaibhav A. Mantri,Soumya Haldar,Karuppanan Eswaran,Meenakshisundaram Ganesan 한국조류학회I 2010 ALGAE Vol.25 No.4
The marine red alga Kappaphycus alvarezii is a major source of κ-carrageenan. It has been introduced in 20 countries including India. Recently, several reports have expressed concerns about Kappaphycus invasion on Acropora corals at Kurusadai Island in the Gulf of Mannar, India, which is part of a marine bioreserve. To understand the extent of the Kappaphycus invasion, 27 randomly selected locations around Kurusadai Island and the mainland coast were surveyed during May-August 2008 and July 2009. Our rigorous sampling revealed that K. alvarezii was confined to two different patches of 105 m × 55 m and 8 m × 9 m located at the southeastern part of Kurusadai Island. The actual extent of the K. alvarezii canopy coverage was 76.7 m2, accounting for less than 0.0035% of the total coral reef area. The daily growth rate of the K. alvarezii at Kurusadai was 0.7%. K. alvarezii was not observed in the coral reef area of the adjoining Pullivasal and Poomarichan Islands or the Palk Bay area cultivation sites. The lack of functional reproductive cycle, low spore viability,and the absence of microscopic phases in the life cycle of this alga coupled with the abundance presence of herbivores may restrict the further spread of this alga, so its invasive potential at Kurusadai Island is considered remote.
Invasion potential of Kappaphycus alvarezii on corals at Kurusadai Island, Gulf of Mannar, India
Mandal, Subir Kumar,Mantri, Vaibhav A.,Haldar, Soumya,Eswaran, Karuppanan,Ganesan, Meenakshisundaram The Korean Society of Phycology 2010 ALGAE Vol.25 No.4
The marine red alga Kappaphycus alvarezii is a major source of $\kappa$-carrageenan. It has been introduced in 20 countries including India. Recently, several reports have expressed concerns about Kappaphycus invasion on Acropora corals at Kurusadai Island in the Gulf of Mannar, India, which is part of a marine bioreserve. To understand the extent of the Kappaphycus invasion, 27 randomly selected locations around Kurusadai Island and the mainland coast were surveyed during May-August 2008 and July 2009. Our rigorous sampling revealed that K. alvarezii was confined to two different patches of 105 m $\times$ 55 m and 8 m $\times$ 9 m located at the southeastern part of Kurusadai Island. The actual extent of the K. alvarezii canopy coverage was 76.7 $m^2$, accounting for less than 0.0035% of the total coral reef area. The daily growth rate of the K. alvarezii at Kurusadai was 0.7%. K. alvarezii was not observed in the coral reef area of the adjoining Pullivasal and Poomarichan Islands or the Palk Bay area cultivation sites. The lack of functional reproductive cycle, low spore viability, and the absence of microscopic phases in the life cycle of this alga coupled with the abundance presence of herbivores may restrict the further spread of this alga, so its invasive potential at Kurusadai Island is considered remote.
Eluvathingal Devassy Sherly,John Judith Vijaya,Lourdusamy John Kennedy,Arunachalam Meenakshisundaram,Melcureraj Lavanya 한국화학공학회 2016 Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol.33 No.4
ZnO nanoparticles were coupled with CuO, NiO, ZrO2 and CeO2 in 2 : 1 molar ratio by a microwave assisted one pot solution combustion synthesis. Structural, morphological and optical properties of ZnO and coupled oxides were investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), UV-Vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DRS), photoluminescence spectroscopy (PL), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and Brunauer- Emmett-Teller (BET) surface area analysis. XRD data revealed the presence of two phases in the coupled oxides. Photocatalytic activity of pure ZnO and ZnO coupled oxides was compared for the degradation of 2,4-dichlorophenol (2,4- DCP) under near UV light (365 nm) irradiation and the rate constant (k) values were calculated from the kinetic studies. The coupled oxide, Zn2Ce with ZnO and CeO2 in 2 : 1 molar ratio showed maximum degradation efficiency due to the efficient interparticle electron transfer between ZnO and CeO2.