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Study of the most frequent natural tooth colors in the Spanish population using spectrophotometry
Cristina Gómez-Polo,Miguel Gómez-Polo,Juan Antonio Martínez Vázquez de Parga,Alicia Celemín Viñuela 대한치과보철학회 2015 The Journal of Advanced Prosthodontics Vol.7 No.6
PURPOSE. To identify the most frequent natural tooth colors using the Easyshade Compact (Vita -Zahnfabrik) spectrophotometer on a sample of the Spanish population according to the 3D Master System. MATERIALS AND METHODS. The middle third of the facial surface of natural maxillary central incisors was measured with an Easyshade Compact spectrophotometer (Vita Zahnfabrik) in 1361 Caucasian Spanish participants aged between 16 and 89 years. Natural tooth color was recorded using the 3D Master System nomenclature. The program used for the present descriptive statistical analysis of the results was SAS 9.1.3. RESULTS. The results show that the most frequent dental color in the total sample studied is 3M1 (7.05%), followed by the intermediate shade 1M1.5 (6.91%) and 2L1.5 (6.02%). CONCLUSION. According to the research methodology used, and taking into account the limitations of this study, it can be proposed that the most frequent color among the Spanish population is 3M1; the most common lightness group is 2; the most frequent hue group according to the 3DMaster System is M and the most frequent chroma group is 1.5.
Molybdenum release from high burnup spent nuclear fuel at alkaline and hyperalkaline pH
García-Gómez Sonia,Giménez Javier,Casas Ignasi,Llorca Jordi,De Pablo Joan,Martínez-Torrents Albert,Clarens Frederic,Kokinda Jakub,Iglesias Luis,Serrano-Purroy Daniel 한국원자력학회 2024 Nuclear Engineering and Technology Vol.56 No.1
This work presents experimental data and modelling of the release of Mo from high-burnup spent nuclear fuel (63 MWd/kgU) at two different pH values, 8.4 and 13.2 in air. The release of Mo from SF to the solution is around two orders of magnitude higher at pH = 13.2 than at pH = 8.4. The high Mo release at high pH would indicate that Mo would not be congruently released with uranium and would have an important contribution to the Instant Release Fraction, with a value of 5.3%. Parallel experiments with pure non irradiated Mo(s) and XPS determinations indicated that the faster dissolution at pH = 13.2 could be the consequence of the higher releases from metallic Mo in the fuel through a surface complexation mechanism promoted by the OH and the oxidation of the metal to Mo(VI) via the formation of intermediate Mo(IV) and Mo(V) species.
The Role of Lipids in Development of Allergic Responses
Manuel Gómez del Moral,Eduardo Martínez-Naves 대한면역학회 2017 Immune Network Vol.17 No.3
Most allergic diseases are caused by activation of Th2 type immune responses resulting in the production of specific IgE against proteins found in normally harmless substances such as pollen, mites, epithelia or food. Allergenic substances are composed, in addition to proteins, of other compounds such as carbohydrates and lipids. Those lipids are able to promote the development of Th2-type responses associated with allergy. There are lipids found in pollen, milk or insect venom that are specifically recognized by CD1 restricted unconventional T lymphocytes, which can promote allergic reactions. Furthermore, a large number of allergens are proteins containing hydrophobic parts that specifically bind lipids that are capable to favor allergenic immune responses. Also, lipids associated to substances like pollen, dander, epithelia or the bacteria can act on cells of the innate system, including dendritic cells, which in turn lead to the differentiation of Th2-type clones. Finally, lipids may also influence the ability of allergens to be exposed to the immune system within the oral, respiratory or intestinal mucosa where allergic response occurs with great frequency.
Edgar López-Martínez,Octavio Vázquez-Gómez,Héctor Javier Vergara-Hernández,Sergio Serna,Bernardo Campillo 대한금속·재료학회 2016 METALS AND MATERIALS International Vol.22 No.6
The microhardness and nanohardness of the welding zone of two experimental HSLA steels were determined. The first steel has a microstructure of martensite and bainite, and the second one has a microstructure of quasipolygonalferrite and acicular ferrite. In the bainitic - martensitic steel, softening of the heat affected zone wasobserved. This softening can be attributed to: the formation of polygonal ferrite in the recrystallization subzone,the formation of quasi-polygonal ferrite and the tempering of martensite in the intercritical subzone, andthe tempering of martensite in the subcritical subzone. Besides the softening, with nanoindentation technique, hardeningwas observed at the position where the peak temperature reached the critical temperature Ac1, which canbe attributed to a phenomenon of secondary hardening by precipitation of carbides of alloying elements. In theferritic steel, a softening phenomenon did not appear since there was no martensite in its initial microstructure. Finally, it was noted that both polygonal ferrite and the bainite have similar behavior and nanohardness, thiscoincidence can be attributed to the effect of grain boundary.
Prolonged intensive care: muscular functional, and nutritional insights from the COVID-19 pandemic
Miguel Ángel Martínez-Camacho,Robert Alexander Jones-Baro,Alberto Gómez-González,Dalia Sahian Lugo-García,Pía Carolina Gallardo Astorga,Andrea Melo-Villalobos,Bárbara Kassandra Gonzalez-Rodriguez,Ánge 대한중환자의학회 2024 Acute and Critical Care Vol.39 No.1
During the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, clinical staff learned how to manage patients enduring extended stays in an intensive care unit (ICU). COVID-19 patients requiring critical care in an ICU face a high risk of experiencing prolonged intensive care (PIC). The use of invasive mechanical ventilation in individuals with severe acute respiratory distress syndrome can cause numerous complications that influence both short-term and long-term morbidity and mortality. Those risks underscore the importance of proactively addressing functional complications. Mitigating secondary complications unrelated to the primary pathology of admission is imperative in minimizing the risk of PIC. Therefore, incorporating strategies to do that into daily ICU practice for both COVID-19 patients and those critically ill from other conditions is significantly important.
Juan Luis Gómez-Amador,Pablo David Guerrero-Suárez,Jaime Jesús Martínez-Anda,Jorge Fernando Aragón-Arreola,Andrea Castillo-Matus,Ricardo Marian-Magaña,Marcos V Sangrador-Deitos,Alan Hernández-Hernánde 대한뇌혈관외과학회 2023 Journal of Cerebrovascular and Endovascular Neuros Vol.25 No.4
Bilateral posterior communicating (pComm) artery aneurysms represent only 2% of mirror intracranial aneurysms. Usually, these are surgically approached through bilateral craniotomies for clipping. We present the case of a 50-year-old female presenting with headache and horizontal diplopia. Neurological examination revealed a left oculomotor palsy, with no other neurological deficits. Imaging studies revealed bilateral aneurysmatic lesions in both internal carotid arteries (ICA). A conventional left pterional approach was planned in order to treat the symptomatic aneurysm, and, if deemed feasible, a contralateral clipping through the same approach. The procedure was performed in a hybrid operating room (HOR), performing an intraoperative digital subtraction angiography (DSA) and roadmapping assistance during dissection and clipping. Transoperatively, a post-fixed optic chiasm was identified, with a wide interoptic space, which allowed us to perform the contralateral clipping through a unilateral approach. This technique for clipping bilateral pComm aneurysms can be performed when the proper anatomical features are met.
Fabrication of ZnO electroceramics by reaction bonding
Enrique Rocha-Rangel,Octavio Martínez-Urgell,Carlos Gómez-Yánez 한양대학교 세라믹연구소 2006 Journal of Ceramic Processing Research Vol.7 No.3
ZnO ceramics doped with small amounts of Bi2O3, CoO, MnO, Sb2O3 and Cr2O3 offer a great potential as electroceramic materials to be used as protectors to prevent electric surges. In the present communication, the reaction bonded alumina oxide (RBAO) technique is adapted for the production of ZnO-based ceramics by the reaction bonding zinc oxide (RBZnO) process with the idea of achieving the advantages of the RBAO process. Because Zn oxidation occurs between 330 °C and 468 °C, slow heating rates before the Zn melting point (419 °C) is very important in order to obtain the desired ceramic. The need for a fine microstructure of the matrix with many grain boundaries is discussed. ZnO ceramics doped with small amounts of Bi2O3, CoO, MnO, Sb2O3 and Cr2O3 offer a great potential as electroceramic materials to be used as protectors to prevent electric surges. In the present communication, the reaction bonded alumina oxide (RBAO) technique is adapted for the production of ZnO-based ceramics by the reaction bonding zinc oxide (RBZnO) process with the idea of achieving the advantages of the RBAO process. Because Zn oxidation occurs between 330 °C and 468 °C, slow heating rates before the Zn melting point (419 °C) is very important in order to obtain the desired ceramic. The need for a fine microstructure of the matrix with many grain boundaries is discussed.
Enhanced CO2 capture by cupuassu shell-derived activated carbon with high microporous volume
Cruz Orlando F.,Campello-Gómez Ignacio,Casco Mirian E.,Serafin Jarosław,Silvestre-Albero Joaquín,Martínez-Escandell Manuel,Hotza Dachamir,Rambo Carlos R. 한국탄소학회 2023 Carbon Letters Vol.33 No.3
Here, we report the preparation of microporous-activated carbons from a Brazilian natural lignocellulosic agricultural waste, cupuassu shell, by pyrolysis at 500 ºC and KOH activation under different experimental conditions and their subsequent application as adsorbent for CO2 capture. The effect of the KOH:precursor ratio (wt/wt%) and the activation temperature on the porous texture of activated carbons have been studied. The values of specific surface area ranged from 1132 to 2486 m2/g, and the overall micropore volume ranged from 0.73 to 1.02 cm3/g. Carbons activated with 2:1 ratio of KOH and activation temperature of 700 ºC presented a CO2 adsorption at 1 bar of 7.8 and 4.4 mmol/g at 0 °C and 25 ºC, respectively. The isosteric heat of adsorption, Qst , was calculated for all samples by applying the Clausius–Clapeyron approach to CO2 adsorption isotherms at both temperatures. The values of CO2 adsorption capacities are among the highest reported in the literature, especially for activated carbons produced from biomass.
Bi2InTaO7 compounds as promising photocatalysts for marine plankton removal
Leticia M. Torres-Martínez,Isaías Juárez-Ramírez,Juan S. Ramos-Garza,Francisco Vázquez-Acosta,Ricardo Gómez,ZhengYi Fu,Soo Wohn Lee 한양대학교 세라믹연구소 2011 Journal of Ceramic Processing Research Vol.12 No.1
The removal of marine plankton, red (Amphidium carterae), and green (Tetraselmis suecica) tide algae, by heterogeneous photocatalysis was carried out using pyrochlore-type semiconductors. The semiconductor, Bi2InTaO7 , was prepared by the solgel method and a solid state reaction. The XRD patterns evidence formation of the pyrochlore phase in the sol-gel materials calcined at low temperatures (600-800 oC). Nanostructured sol-gel materials were observed by SEM. The sol-gel preparation allowed the formation of the pyrochlore-type compound with specific surface areas (7-13 m2g−1) higher than the solid obtained by solid state preparation (< 5 m2g−1). Band gap (Eg) values between 2.1-2.7 eV determined by UV-Vis spectroscopy were obtained. Bi2InTaO7 photocatalysts prepared by the sol-gel method were able to eliminate Tetraselmis suecica and Amphidium carterae algae totally after 50 minutes of UV-irradiation, whereas Bi2InTaO7 by solid state preparation needed more than 1 h.
Verónica García-Villamar,Laura G. Hernández-Aragón,Jesús R. Chávez-Ríos,Arturo Ortega,Margarita Martínez-Gómez,Francisco Castelán 대한배뇨장애요실금학회 2018 International Neurourology Journal Vol.22 No.S2
Purpose: To evaluate the expression of glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) and its receptor, GDNF family receptor alpha subunit 1 (GFRα-1) in the pelvic (middle third) vagina and, particularly, in the paravaginal ganglia of nulliparous and primiparous rabbits. Methods: Chinchilla-breed female rabbits were used. Primiparas were killed on postpartum day 3 and nulliparas upon reaching a similar age. The vaginal tracts were processed for histological analyses or frozen for Western blot assays. We measured the ganglionic area, the Abercrombie-corrected number of paravaginal neurons, the cross-sectional area of the neuronal somata, and the number of satellite glial cells (SGCs) per neuron. The relative expression of both GDNF and GFRα-1 were assessed by Western blotting, and the immunostaining was semiquantitated. Unpaired two-tailed Student t -test or Wilcoxon test was used to identify statistically significant differences (P≤0.05) between the groups. Results: Our findings demonstrated that the ganglionic area, neuronal soma size, Abercrombie-corrected number of neurons, and number of SGCs per neuron were similar in nulliparas and primiparas. The relative expression of both GDNF and GFRα- 1 was similar. Immunostaining for both GDNF and GFRα-1 was observed in several vaginal layers, and no differences were detected regarding GDNF and GFRα-1 immunostaining between the 2 groups. In the paravaginal ganglia, the expression of GDNF was increased in neurons, while that of GFRα-1 was augmented in the SGCs of primiparous rabbits. Conclusions: The present findings suggest an ongoing regenerative process related to the recovery of neuronal soma size in the paravaginal ganglia, in which GDNF and GFRα-1 could be involved in cross-talk between neurons and SGCs.