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Random Synchronous Malignancy in Male Breast: A Case Report
Manjit Sarma,Chaitanya Borde,Padma Subramanyam,Palaniswamy Shanmuga Sundaram 한국유방암학회 2013 Journal of breast cancer Vol.16 No.4
We report here a case of a random synchronous male breastmalignancy in a patient with a known base of tongue malignancythat was incidentally detected on a whole body 18-fluorine deoxyglucosepositron emission tomography and computed tomography(18F-FDG PET/CT). Patient was referred to us for PET/CTstaging and radiotherapy planning for a poorly differentiatedsquamous cell carcinoma of base of tongue. Histopathologically,the incidentally detected breast lesion was proven to be an invasiveductal carcinoma. 18F-FDG PET/CT being a whole body imagingmodality is known to detect a considerable number of synchronousprimaries. Synchronous malignancies in the head andneck area and the upper aerodigestive tract are well established. However, synchronous malignancy in male breast is reportedlyuncommon. Our case is unique for the fact that a random synchronousdual malignancy of base of tongue and breast in amale patient was detected during a whole body 18F-FDG PET/CTimaging.
Patterns of Cancer: A Study of 500 Punjabi Patients
Bal, Manjit Singh,Bodal, Vijay Kumar,Kaur, Jaspreet,Kaur, Mohanvir,Sharma, Swati Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2015 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.16 No.12
The State of Punjab has been in focus because of aperceived increasing rate of cancer. Both print and electronic media have created an impression that Punjab, especially the cotton belt of Malwa Region, has become a high incidence cancer region. Actually the increased number of cancer patients might be at least partly because of increasing population and heightened health awareness and reporting. The purpose of this study is to find out the pattern of cancer amongst patients registered in Mukh Mantri Punjab Cancer Rahat Kosh Scheme (MMPCRKS), under cancer registry at Rajindra Hospital Patiala from the various districts of Punjab. The study covers 500 cancer patients registered under MMPCRKS at Rajindra Hospital Patiala, for free cancer treatment. Information regarding age, gender, religion, method of diagnosis and affected sites was obtained. Results were analyzed statistically. Of the 500 patients, 65% were females and 35% were males. The most affected female age groups were 50-54 and 60-64; while males in the age groups of 65-69 and 60-64 had the highest risk. The leading cancers in females were breast followed by cervix and ovary where as in males they were were colon followed by esophagus and tongue. The commonest histological type was adenocarcinoma followed by squamous cell carcinoma. The increasing trend of cancer in Punjab is alarming. Since this study is a preliminary investigation, it could provide a leading role in prevention, treatment and future planning regarding cancer in Punjab.
Evaluation of Flow and Average Entropy Based Detection Mecha-nism for DDoS Attacks using NS-2
Raghav Vadehra,Manjit Singh,Butta Singh,Nitika Chowdhary 보안공학연구지원센터 2016 International Journal of Security and Its Applicat Vol.10 No.5
Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) attacks has started posing a serious threat to all sorts of businesses, which have used the power of internet to their credit. DDoS attacks have put a big question mark on the capabilities and reliability of the World Wide Web. The use of supreme techniques to combat the DDoS attacks has not been substantial enough to fight the distributed nature of attacks. Hackers have been successful in blocking the services and flooding traffic to servers, in spite of a tight check on the network. Thus, in the view of personal data being present on the web and the threat to global economy worth million dollars, it becomes really important to devise some new techniques that are self-capable enough to capture, trace and nullify the dangers posed by such attacks. This term paper talks about such solutions to combat DDoS attacks. Here, the flow entropy in combination with average entropy technique is used to detect an attack. It highlights how the loop holes of one technique are covered by the other, resulting in a considerable improvisation in the methods of how we deal with these attacks.
Apurba Patra,Manjit Singh,Harsimarjit Kaur,Rajan Kumar Singla,Vishal Malhotra 대한해부학회 2018 Anatomy & Cell Biology Vol.51 No.2
Several authors have made efforts to define the position of the axillary nerve within deltoid muscle and to calculate the so called safe area for this nerve but it still remains a matter of debate. The primary aim of the study was to investigate the acromio-axillary (AA) distance and its correlation with upper arm length. The secondary aim was to re-define the safe area for axillary nerve within deltoid muscle. Sixty shoulders of thirty adult human cadavers were dissected using standard methods. The distance from the anterior and posterior edge of acromion to the upper border of the course of the axillary nerve was measured and recorded as anterior and posterior AA distance respectively. Correlation analysis was done between the upper arm length and AA distance for each limb. The ratios between anterior and posterior AA distance and upper arm length were calculated and mentioned as anterior index and posterior index, respectively. The mean of anterior and posterior AA distance was 5.22 cm and 4.17 cm, respectively. The mean of upper arm length was 29.30 cm. The means of anterior index and posterior indices were 0.18 and 0.14, respectively. There was a significant correlation between upper arm length and both the anterior and posterior AA distance. The axillary nerve was found to lie at variable distance from the acromion. The minimum AA distance was found to be 3.50 cm. So this should be considered as the maximum permissible length of the deltoid split. Upper arm length has strong correlation with both anterior and posterior AA distances. The ideal safe area for the axillary nerve was found to be a quadrangular area above it and the size of which depends on the length of the upper arm.
p.R72P, PIN3 Ins16bp Polymorphisms of TP53 and CCR5Δ32 in North Indian Breast Cancer Patients
Guleria, Kamlesh,Sharma, Sarika,Manjari, Mridu,Uppal, Manjit Singh,Singh, Neeti Rajan,Sambyal, Vasudha Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2012 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.13 No.7
Background: The present study aimed to find the prognostic implications of two polymorphisms in TP53 (p.R72P, PIN3 Ins16bp) and one in CCR5 ($CCR5{\Delta}32$) in sporadic breast cancer patients. Methods: DNA samples of 80 breast cancer patients and 80 age and gender matched unrelated healthy control individuals from Punjab, North West India were analyzed. Results: For p.R72P, the genotype frequency was 13.8% (RR), 58.8% (RP), 27.5% (PP) in patients and 33.9% (RR), 40.0% (RP), 26.5% (PP) in controls. For PIN3 Ins16bp, the genotype frequencies were 53.75% (A1A1), 37.5% (A1A2), 8.75% (A2A2) in patients and 66.3% (A1A1), 31.3% (A1A2), 2.5% (A2A2) in controls. Only 4 (5%) breast cancer patients were heterozygous for $CCR5{\Delta}32$ deletion. Common RR-A1A1-WT/WT genotype was lower while RP-A1A2-WT/WT genotype was higher in patients as compared to controls. RP-A1A1-WT/WT genotype was significantly higher in patients as compared to control individuals (p = 0.008). Conclusion: Though a clear association of any particular genotype with sporadic breast cancer or stage was not apparent, the results of present study were suggestive that sporadic breast cancer patients with RR-A1A1-WT/WT genotype might have a better response to chemotherapy, thus improving their chances of survival.