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Trends in the Incidence of 15 Common Cancers in Hong Kong, 1983-2008
Xie, Wen-Chuan,Chan, Man-Him,Mak, Kei-Choi,Chan, Wai-Tin,He, Miao Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2012 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.13 No.8
Background: The objective of this study WAS to describe cancer incidence rates and trends among THE Hong Kong population for the period 1983-2008. Methods: Incident cases and population data from 1983 to 2008 were obtained from the Hong Kong Cancer Registry and the Census and Statistics Department, respectively. Agestandardized incidence rates (ASIR) were estimated and joinpoint regression was applied to detect significant changes in cancer morbidity. Results: For all cancers combined, the ASIR showed declining trends (1.37% in men, 0.94% in women), this also being the case for cancers of lung, liver, nasopharynx, stomach, bladder, oesophagus for both genders and cervix cancer for women. With cancer of thyroid, prostate, male colorectal, corpus uteri, ovary and female breast cancer an increase was evident throughout the period. The incidence for leukemia showed a stable trend since early 1990s, following an earlier decrease. Conclusion: Although overall cancer incidence rates and certain cancers showed declining trends, incidence trends for colorectal, thyroid and sex-related cancers continue to rise. These trends in cancer morbidity can be used as an important resource to plan and develop effective programs aimed at the control and prevention of the spread of cancer amongst the Hong Kong population. It is particularly useful in allowing projection of future burdens on the society with the increase in certain cancer incidences.
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Considerations of Sustainable High-rise Building Design in Different Climate Zones of China
Wan, Kevin K.W.,Chan, Man-Him,Cheng, Vincent S.Y. Council on Tall Building and Urban Habitat Korea 2012 International journal of high-rise buildings Vol.1 No.4
Buildings, energy and the environment are key issues that the building professions and energy policy makers have to address, especially in the context of sustainable development. With more tall buildings constructed in China, the impact on energy consumption and carbon emission would be great from buildings (2% increase of carbon dioxide annually between 1971 and 2004). The imperative was to investigate the building energy performance of high-rise in different climate zones and identify the key design parameters that impose significantly influence on energy performance in sustainable building design. Design implications on glazing performance, sizing of the ventilation fans, renewable energy application on high-rise building design are addressed. Combination of effective sustainable building design strategies (e.g., building envelope improvement, daylight harvesting, advanced lighting design, displacement ventilation, chilled ceiling etc.) could contribute more than 25% of the total building energy consumption compared to the international building energy code.
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The Risk of Upper Urinary Tract Involvement in Patients With Ketamine-Associated Uropathy
Chi-Hang Yee,Jeremy Yuen-Chun Teoh,Pui-Tak Lai,Vivian Yee-Fong Leung,Winnie Chiu-Wing Chu,Wai-man Lee,Yuk-Him Tam,Chi-Fai Ng 대한배뇨장애요실금학회 2017 International Neurourology Journal Vol.21 No.2
Purpose: The aims of this study were to investigate the prevalence of upper tract involvement in ketamine-associated uropathy, and to determine the predictors of hydronephrosis in patients with a history of ketamine abuse. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study of a prospective cohort of patients with ketamine-associated uropathy. Data including demographics, pattern of ketamine abuse, pelvic pain and urgency or frequency (PUF) symptom score, uroflowmetry (UFM) parameters, serum renal function, and liver function tests were collected. Upon consultation, ultrasonography was performed to assess the function of the urinary system. Results: From December 2011 to October 2015, we treated 572 patients with ketamine-associated uropathy. Of these patients, 207 (36.2%) had managed to achieve abstinence at the time of their first consultation. Ninety-six patients (16.8%) in the cohort were found to have hydronephrosis on ultrasonography. Univariate analysis identified age, duration of ketamine abuse, PUF symptom score, voided volume on UFM, serum creatinine levels >100 μmol/L, and an abnormal serum liver enzyme profile as factors associated with hydronephrosis. Logistic regression revealed the following parameters to be statistically related to hydronephrosis: age (adjusted odds ratio [OR], 1.090; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.020–1.166; P=0.012), functional bladder capacity (adjusted OR, 0.997; 95% CI, 0.995–0.999; P=0.029), serum creatinine >100 μmol/L (adjusted OR, 3.107; 95% CI, 1.238–7.794; P=0.016, and an abnormal serum liver enzyme profile (adjusted OR, 1.967; 95% CI, 1.213–3.187; P=0.006). Conclusions: Ketamine-associated uropathy can involve the upper urinary tract. Patient demographics as well as investigations of UFM, renal function tests, and liver function tests may allow us to identify at-risk patients.
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