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The Role of the Campus Outdoor Environment on University Student Mental Health
Mallory Koning(Mallory Koning ),김준현(Jun-Hyun Kim),Fatemeh Saeidi-Rizi(Fatemeh Saeidi-Rizi ),Noah Durst(Noah Durst ) 인간식물환경학회 2022 인간식물환경학회지 Vol.25 No.3
Background and objective: The mental health and wellness of university students has been a pressing concern in recentyears in the US and is becoming an even larger issue due to the COVID-19 Pandemic. Numerous studies have supportedthe idea that the natural environment can have a positive impact on mental health, but only a few studies focus on the roleof university outdoor campus environments on student's mental health. The main purpose of this study is to investigatethe correlations between university student mental health and their campus's outdoor environment. Methods: An online survey was designed and distributed to students at Michigan State University, USA. Students wereasked questions about their overall mental well-being, as well as questions about their environmental perceptions, outdooractivity, views to nature through windows and safety concerns regarding their outdoor campus environment. Results: The major findings indicate a significant difference in mental health scores for windows in living quarters, wherestudents with living quarter windows had better mental health scores (MHS) than students without living quarter windows. This study also found a marginally significant difference in MHS for students with classroom windows. Other results of thisstudy include a significant difference in MHS for students' perception of safety on campus, outdoor work time, andperception of greenspace on campus. Conclusion: Future campus planner, landscape architects, university planners, and student counselors will use this studyto determine what kinds of outdoor spaces should be created and used to improve the well-being of students.
Cardiovascular Risk Factors: It's Time to Focus on Variability!
Mallory P.Barnett,Sripal Bangalore 한국지질동맥경화학회 2020 지질·동맥경화학회지 Vol.9 No.2
Atherosclerotic heart disease remains a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. While extensive research supports cardiovascular risk factor reduction in the form of achieving evidence-based blood pressure, lipid, glucose, and body weight targets as a means to improve cardiovascular outcomes, residual risk remains. Emerging data have demonstrated that the intraindividual variability of these risk factor targets potentially contribute to this residual risk. It may therefore be time to define risk factor by not only its magnitude and duration as done traditionally, but perhaps also by the variability of that particular risk factor over time.
Serving the Unemployed: Do More Generous Social Insurance Programs Provide Better Quality Service?
Mallory E. Compton 서울대학교행정대학원 2021 Journal of Policy Studies Vol.36 No.3
The role and capacity of public administration in contributing to economic security is an increasingly important question. More generous social welfare programs may have greater capacity to insure households against risk, but those programs can effectively provide economic security only to the extent that public organizations deliver benefits promptly and properly to families in need. Administrative performance matters. Given that governments with more generous social programs have demonstrated social welfare to be a priority, are those governments also more likely to put effort towards better administration of welfare programs? This question is addressed here using administrative performance data from U.S. state-level unemployment insurance programs, from 2002-2015. Evidence points to a positive association between generosity and administrative quality: more generous states make fewer administrative errors and that relationship is driven by their making fewer underpayments. If unemployment insurance replacement rates reflect an institutionalized commitment to more generously protecting individuals from economic insecurity, that commitment is also evident in the types of administrative errors agents make.
Mativenga, Mallory,Sungjin An,Suhui Lee,Jaegwang Um,Di Geng,Mruthyunjaya, Ravi K.,Heiler, Gregory N.,Tredwell, Timothy J.,Jin Jang IEEE 2014 IEEE transactions on electron devices Vol.61 No.6
<P>Intrinsic mobility and intrinsic channel resistance (R<SUB>CH</SUB>) of amorphous, In-Ga-Zn-O (a-IGZO) thin-film transistors (TFTs) with varying channel length (L) are investigated using a gated four-probe back-channel-etched TFT design. The intrinsic R<SUB>CH</SUB> is found to decrease from ~500 to ~250 kΩ per unit area by increasing V<SUB>GS</SUB> from 10 to 20 V. The intrinsic mobility is ~17 cm<SUP>2</SUP>/V·s, which is about 20% higher than that derived from the normal two-point probe measurements. Source and drain parasitic resistance (R<SUB>PAR</SUB>) of the a-IGZO TFTs is found to be of the same order of magnitude as the R<SUB>CH</SUB>-which is different from hydrogenated amorphous-silicon (a-Si:H) TFTs, where TFT operation is dominated by R<SUB>PAR</SUB>.</P>
Fully Transparent and Rollable Electronics
Mativenga, Mallory,Geng, Di,Kim, Byungsoon,Jang, Jin American Chemical Society 2015 ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES Vol.7 No.3
<P>Major obstacles toward the manufacture of transparent and flexible display screens include the difficulty of finding transparent and flexible semiconductors and electrodes, temperature restrictions of flexible plastic substrates, and bulging or warping of the flexible electronics during processing. Here we report the fabrication and performance of fully transparent and rollable thin-film transistor (TFT) circuits for display applications. The TFTs employ an amorphous indium–gallium–zinc oxide semiconductor (with optical band gap of 3.1 eV) and amorphous indium–zinc oxide transparent conductive electrodes, and are built on 15-μm-thick solution-processed colorless polyimide (CPI), resulting in optical transmittance >70% in the visible range. As the CPI supports processing temperatures >300 °C, TFT performance on plastic is similar to that on glass, with typical field-effect mobility, turn-on voltage, and subthreshold voltage swing of 12.7 ± 0.5 cm<SUP>2</SUP>/V·s, −1.7 ± 0.2 V, and 160 ± 29 mV/dec, respectively. There is no significant degradation after rolling the TFTs 100 times on a cylinder with a radius of 4 mm or when shift registers, each consisting of 40 TFTs, are operated while bent to a radius of 2 mm. For handling purposes, carrier glass is used during fabrication, together with a very thin (∼1 nm) solution-processed carbon nanotube (CNT)/graphene oxide (GO) backbone that is first spin-coated on the glass to decrease adhesion of the CPI to the glass; peel strength of the CPI from glass decreases from 0.43 to 0.10 N/cm, which eases the process of detachment performed after device fabrication. Given that the CNT/GO remains embedded under the CPI after detachment, it minimizes wrinkling and decreases the substrate’s tensile elongation from 8.0% to 4.6%. Device performance is also stable under electrostatic discharge exposures up to 10 kV, as electrostatic charge can be released via the conducting CNTs.</P><P><B>Graphic Abstract</B> <IMG SRC='http://pubs.acs.org/appl/literatum/publisher/achs/journals/content/aamick/2015/aamick.2015.7.issue-3/am506937s/production/images/medium/am-2014-06937s_0007.gif'></P><P><A href='http://pubs.acs.org/doi/suppl/10.1021/am506937s'>ACS Electronic Supporting Info</A></P>
Mativenga, Mallory,Su Hwa Ha,Di Geng,Dong Han Kang,Mruthyunjaya, Ravi K.,Heiler, Gregory N.,Tredwell, Timothy J.,Jin Jang IEEE 2014 IEEE transactions on electron devices Vol.61 No.9
<P>We report a low-voltage-driven amorphous indium-gallium-zinc oxide (a-IGZO) semiconductor-based Corbino (circular) thin-film transistor (TFT) with infinite output resistance beyond pinchoff. The Corbino TFT has inner and outer concentric ring electrodes, and when the latter is the drain, channel width (W) decreases with channel length (L), such that the W/L ratio is not changed after pinchoff. As demonstrated herein, this a-IGZO Corbino TFT is, therefore, a good candidate for uniform current drivers in applications, such as active-matrix organic light-emitting diode display pixels, where it would maintain the same drive (diode) currents, even with variations in supply voltage (V<SUB>DD</SUB>).</P>