Elastin-Based Rubber-Like Hydrogels

Desai, Malav S.,Wang, Eddie,Joyner, Kyle,Chung, Tae Won,Jin, Hyo-Eon,Lee, Seung-Wuk American Chemical Society 2016 Biomacromolecules Vol.17 No.7

<P>We developed rubber-like elastomeric materials using a natural elastin derived sequence and genetic engineering to create precisely defined elastin-like polypeptides. The coiled elastin-like polypeptide chains, which behave like entropic springs, were cross-linked using an end-to-end tethering scheme to synthesize simple hydrogels with excellent extensibility and reversibility. Our hydrogels extend to strains as high as 1500% and remain highly resilient with elastic recovery as high as 94% even at 600% strain, significantly exceeding any other protein-based valuable as elastomeric hydrogels for designing extremely robust scaffolds useful for tissue engineering.</P>

Antioxidant Capacity of Venezuelan Honey in Wistar Rat Homogenates

Antonio J. Rodiuez-Malaver,Elizabeth Perez,Patricia Vit 한국식품영양과학회 2006 Journal of medicinal food Vol.9 No.4

The antioxidant effect of several polyphenolic compounds is well known. However, little is known about theantioxidant capacity of Venezuelan honey, which has a high content of polyphenolic compounds. In this work, the antioxi-dant capacity of a genuine honey produced in Mrida, Venezuela was studied using the ferrous iron oxidation with xylenolorange method, the thiobarbituric acid method, and the determination of antioxidant activity. We found that this honey hasthe capacity to decrease significantly the concentration of lipid hydroperoxides and malondialdehyde, produced during thelipid peroxidation process, in a comparable way with other widely studied antioxidants such as melatonin and vitamin E. Itwas found that the antioxidant activity in the 50% honey dilution, the highest concentration we tested, was equivalent to aconcentration of uric acid of 0.62 mM.

Antioxidant Capacity of Crude Extracts from Clones of Banana and Plane Species

Antonio J. Rodriguez-Malaver,Elizabeth M. Perez-P?ez,Nayalet Padilla,Gerardo Medina-Ram?ez,Juan Davila 한국식품영양과학회 2006 Journal of medicinal food Vol.9 No.4

Banana and plane are the most important fruits in world trade, behind citric plants. In this work we studiedthe antioxidant capacity of banana and plane varieties of fruits obtained from interspecies crossed varieties of Musa acumi-nataand Musa balbisiana, named Harton plane, Cavendish banana, and Manzano banana. With this purpose we evaluatedbanana and plane crude extracts using the ferrous ion oxidation with xylenol orange method, the thiobarbituric acid method,determination of antioxidant activity, and effect on superoxide anion and hydroxyl radical and the radicals generated by ul-traviolet light. The experiments showed that all extracts have the capacity to decrease the concentrations of lipid hydroper-oxides and malondialdehyde, produced in the lipid peroxidation process, in a manner comparable to that of other widely stud-ied antioxidants like melatonin and vitamin E. Moreover, all extracts had the capacity to inhibit the generation of superoxideanion, hydroxyl radical, and the radicals generated by ultraviolet light. When antioxidant activity was calculated, a value wasfound that was equivalent to a concentration of uric acid between 0.20 and 0.30 mM at the highest concentration of extractused, with uric acid being a potent antioxidant at 1 mM.

Underwater Image Dehazing via Unpaired Image-to-image Translation

조영근,Hyesu Jang,Ramavtar Malav,Gaurav Pandey,김아영 제어·로봇·시스템학회 2020 International Journal of Control, Automation, and Vol.18 No.3

Underwater imaging has long been focused on dehazing and color correction to address severe degradation in the water medium. In this paper, we propose a learning-based image restoration method that uses Generative Adversarial Networks (GAN). For network generality and learning flexibility, we constituted unpaired image translation frameworks into image restoration. The proposed method utilizes multiple cyclic consistency losses that capture image characteristics and details of underwater images. To prepare unpaired images of clean and degraded scenes, we collected images from Flickr and filtered out false images using image characteristics. For validation, we extensively evaluated the proposed network on simulated and real underwater hazy images. Also, we tested our method on conventional computer vision algorithms, such as the level of edges and feature matching results.

Key Areas for Agriculture and Rural Development through Development Cooperation : A Supporting Study for Agricultural Development Cooperation Strategy for India

Parmod Yasmeen Kumar,Vijay Malave 한국농촌경제연구원 2019 한국농촌경제연구원 기본연구보고서 Vol.- No.-

Biomimetic sensor design

Lee, Ju Hun,Jin, Hyo-Eon,Desai, Malav S.,Ren, Shuo,Kim, Soyoun,Lee, Seung-Wuk The Royal Society of Chemistry 2015 Nanoscale Vol.7 No.44

<P>Detection of desired target chemicals in a sensitive and selective manner is critically important to protect human health, environment and national security. Nature has been a great source of inspiration for the design of sensitive and selective sensors. In this mini-review, we overview the recent developments in bio-inspired sensor development. There are four major components of sensor design: design of receptors for specific targets; coating materials to integrate receptors to transducing machinery; sensitive transducing of signals; and decision making based on the sensing results. We discuss the biomimetic methods to discover specific receptors followed by a discussion about bio-inspired nanocoating material design. We then review the recent developments in phage-based bioinspired transducing systems followed by a discussion of biomimetic pattern recognition-based decision making systems. Our review will be helpful to understand recent approaches to reverse-engineer natural systems to design specific and sensitive sensors.</P>

Comparative Efficacy of Synthetic and Natural Tenderizers on Quality Characteristics of Restructured Spent Hen Meat Slices (RSHS)

Rushikesh Ambadasrao Kantale,Pavan Kumar,Nitin Mehta,Manish Kumar Chatli,Om Prakash Malav,Amanpreet Kaur,Rajesh Vishwanath Wagh 한국축산식품학회 2019 한국축산식품학회지 Vol.39 No.1

In the present study, comparative efficacy of natural as well as synthetic tenderizers on the quality characteristics of restructured spent hen meat slices (RSHS) was studied. Four different batches of RSHS viz. Control (without any tenderizer), T1 (1.25% calcium chloride replacing salt in formulation), T2 and T3 (1.5% each of pineapple rind and fig powder, replacing binder in the formulation) were developed in pre-standardized formulation. Vacuum tumbling was performed for 2.5 h and cooked product (RSHS) was assayed for quality attributes. Samples were packaged in aerobic conditions, stored for 21 days under refrigeration (4±1℃) and were evaluated for pH, oxidative and microbial quality parameters at regular interval of 7 days. Water holding capacity of T2 was recorded the highest and significantly higher (p<0.05) than all other samples. The textural attributes of T2 were comparable to T1 but significantly higher (p<0.05) than C and T3. The colour attributes (L*, a*, and b* value) of T2 and T3 were improved due to use of natural tenderizers. During sensory evaluation, tenderness scores for T2 samples were recorded the highest. Throughout storage period, thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), free fatty acids (FFA) and peroxide value (PV) followed an increasing trend for control as well as treated products; however, T2 showed a significantly (p<0.05) lower value than control and other treated samples. It can be concluded that good quality RSHS with better storage stability could be prepared by utilizing 1.5% pineapple rind powder as natural tenderizer.

Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Efficacy of Sapota Powder in Pork Patties Stored under Different Packaging Conditions

Pavan Kumar,Manish Kumar Chatli,Nitin Mehta,Om Prakash Malav,Akhilesh Kumar Verma,Devendra Kumar,Manjeet Rathour 한국축산식품학회 2018 한국축산식품학회지 Vol.38 No.3

The present study was undertaken to assess the efficacy of sapota powder (SP) as natural preservatives and its better utilization in food processing with the incorporation of various levels of SP (2, 4, and 6%) by replacing lean meat. Based on the sensory attributes, pork patties with 4% incorporation of SP was found optimum and selected for further storage studies with control under aerobic and modified atmosphere packaging at refrigeration temperature (4±1℃) for 42 days for assessing its antioxidant and antimicrobial efficiency. During entire storage period, indicators of lipid oxidative parameters such as thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), free fatty acids (FFA) and peroxide value (PV) followed an increasing trend for control as well as treated products; however, treated product showed a significantly (p<0.05) lower value than control. A significantly lower (p<0.05) microbial count in treated patties than control was noted during entire storage. The sensory attributes are better retained in treated product as compared to control and even on 42nd day, overall acceptability of treated patties was found to fall in moderately acceptable category (5.95 in aerobic packets and 5.91 in modified atmosphere packets). Therefore SP has potential to enhance antioxidant and antimicrobial properties of pork patties during storage.

Composition and Antioxidant Activity of Trigona carbonaria Honey from Australia

Livia Persano Oddo,Tim A. Heard,Antonio Rodríguez-Malaver,Rosa Ana Pérez,Miguel Fernández-Muiño,María Teresa Sancho,Giulio Sesta,Lorenzo Lusco,Patricia Vit 한국식품영양과학회 2008 Journal of medicinal food Vol.11 No.4

Stingless bees (Tribe Meliponini) are a diverse group of highly eusocial bees distributed throughout the tropics and subtropics. Trigona carbonaria honey, from Australia, was characterized by traditional physicochemical parameters (acidity, sugars, diastase, electrical conductivity, hydroxymethylfurfural, invertase, nitrogen, and water content) and other compositional factors (flavonoids, polyphenols, organic acids, and water activity), as well as total antioxidant capacity and radical scavenging activity. For the Australian T. carbonaria, the traditional analytical parameters were similar to those previously reported for neotropical stingless bee honey and confirm that honeys produced by Meliponini bees possess several physicochemical properties that are distinctly different from Apis mellifera honey, with higher values of moisture (26.5 ± 0.8 g of water/100 g of honey), water activity (0.74 ± 0.01), electrical conductivity (1.64 ± 0.12 mS/cm), and free acidity (124.2 ± 22.9 mEq/kg of honey) and a very low diastase activity (0.4 ± 0.5 diastase number) and invertase activity (5.7 ± 1.5 invertase number). The sugar spectrum was quite different from that of A. mellifera honey, with 20.3 ± 2.9 g of maltose/100 g of honey. The values of pH (4.0 ± 0.1), lactonic acidity (4.7 ± 0.8 mEq/kg of honey), sucrose (1.8 ± 0.4 g/100 g of honey), and fructose/glucose ratio (1.42 ± 0.13) fell in the same ranges as those of A. mellifera honey. Citric (0.23 ± 0.09) and malic (0.12 ± 0.03) acid concentrations (in g/kg of honey) of T. carbonaria honeys were in the range described for A. mellifera honey. D-Gluconic was more concentrated (9.9 ± 1.3 g/kg of honey), in the range of Italian Castanea, Thymus, Arbutus, and honeydew honeys. Flavonoid content was 10.02 ± 1.59 mg of quercetin equivalents/100 g of honey, and polyphenol contents were 55.74 ± 6.11 mg of gallic acid equivalents/100 g of honey. The antioxidant activity, expressed as percentage of 2,2'-azinobis-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) cation (ABTS.+) decolorization, was 233.96 ± 50.95 μM Trolox equivalents, and free radical 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH.) depletion was 48.03 ± 12.58 equivalents of ascorbic acid. All reported values are averages ± standard deviation. The antioxidant activity can represent an important added value for T. carbonaria honey, to initiate a medicinal approach for both nutritional and pharmaceutical applications, besides further physicochemical characterization.

Phage-Based Structural Color Sensors and Their Pattern Recognition Sensing System

Lee, Ju Hun,Fan, Benson,Samdin, Tuan D.,Monteiro, David A.,Desai, Malav S.,Scheideler, Olivia,Jin, Hyo-Eon,Kim, Soyoun,Lee, Seung-Wuk American Chemical Society 2017 ACS NANO Vol.11 No.4

<P>The mammalian olfactory system provides great inspiration for the design of intelligent sensors. To this end, we have developed a bioinspired phage nanostructure-based color sensor array and a smartphonebased sensing network system. Using a M13 bacteriophage (phage) as a basic building block, we created structural color matrices that are composed of liquid-crystalline bundled nanofibers from self-assembled phages. The phages were engineered to express cross-responsive receptors on their major coat protein (pVIII), leading to rapid, detectable color changes upon exposure to various target chemicals, resulting in chemical- and concentration-dependent color fingerprints. Using these sensors, we have successfully detected 5-90% relative humidity with 0.2% sensitivity. In addition, after modification with aromatic receptors, we were able to distinguish between various structurally similar toxic chemicals including benzene, toluene, xylene, and aniline. Furthermore, we have developed a method of interpreting and disseminating results from these sensors using smartphones to establish a wireless system. Our phage-based sensor system has the potential to be very useful in improving national security and monitoring the environment and human health.</P>