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Distribution of Heavy Metals in Sediment Cores Collected from the Nakdong River, South Korea
Ntahokaja Magalie,이지영,강지혜,김정훈,박호진,배상열,정석,김영석,류종식 한국지구과학회 2021 한국지구과학회지 Vol.42 No.4
Understanding the distribution of heavy metals in sediment is necessary because labile heavy metals can partition into the water column and bioaccumulate in aquatic organisms. Here we investigated six heavy metals (Co, Cu, Mn, Ni, Pb, and Zn) in sediment cores using a five-step sequential leaching method to examine the occurrence of heavy metals in the sediment. The results showed that all elements, except Mn, are depleted in the exchangeable and carbonate fractions. However, heavy metal concentrations are much higher in the Fe-Mn oxide and organic matter fractions, especially for Cu, indicating enrichment in the organic matter fraction. Furthermore, contamination parameters (contamination factor and geoaccumulation index) indicate that Mn contamination is high, primarily derived from anthropogenic sources, presenting a potential risk to ecosystems in the Nakdong River.
Basse Pierre,Morisson Louis,Barthélémy Romain,Julian Nathan,Kindermans Manuel,Collet Magalie,Huot Benjamin,Gayat Etienne,Mebazaa Alexandre,Chousterman Benjamin G. 대한중환자의학회 2023 Acute and Critical Care Vol.38 No.2
Background The role of positive pressure ventilation, central venous pressure (CVP) and inflammation on the occurrence of acute kidney injury (AKI) have been poorly described in mechanically ventilated patient secondary to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Methods This was a monocenter retrospective cohort study of consecutive ventilated COVID-19 patients admitted in a French surgical intensive care unit between March 2020 and July 2020. Worsening renal function (WRF) was defined as development of a new AKI or a persistent AKI during the 5 days after mechanical ventilation initiation. We studied the association between WRF and ventilatory parameters including positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP), CVP, and leukocytes count. Results Fifty-seven patients were included, 12 (21%) presented WRF. Daily PEEP, 5 days mean PEEP and daily CVP values were not associated with occurrence of WRF. 5 days mean CVP was higher in the WRF group compared to patients without WRF (median [IQR], 12 mm Hg [11-13] vs. 10 mm Hg [9–12]; P=0.03). Multivariate models with adjustment on leukocytes and Simplified Acute Physiology Score (SAPS) II confirmed the association between CVP value and risk of WRF (odd ratio, 1.97; 95% confidence interval, 1.12–4.33). Leukocytes count was also associated with occurrence of WRF in the WRF group (14 G/L [11–18]) and the no-WRF group (9 G/L [8–11]) (P=0.002). Conclusions In mechanically ventilated COVID-19 patients, PEEP levels did not appear to influence occurrence of WRF. High CVP levels and leukocytes count are associated with risk of WRF.
Magali PLATTET(마갈리 플라테),Geun Young SONG(송근영) 프랑스문화예술학회 2018 프랑스문화예술연구 Vol.65 No.-
행위중심적 접근법은 이제 한국의 프랑스어 교육계에서도 전반적인 동의를 얻고 있는 것으로 보인다. 그러나 아직까지 이 방법론을 통해 어떤 학습영역에서 얼마만큼의 학습진전이 이루어질 수 있는지에 대해 한국 대학생을 대상으로 행해진 구체적 연구 사례를 찾아보기는 어렵다. 기존의 전통적 교수법에서 행위중심적 접근법으로 전환하는 과정에서 수행된 본 비교 연구는 새로운 방법론이 학습자의 의사소통능력 발전과 관련하여 구체적으로 어떤 영역에서 어떠한 실질적 기여를 할 수 있는지 논하고자 한다. 이를 위해 1년 간격으로 두 학기 동안 기초프랑스어 강의를 수강한 두 대학생 집단을 대상으로 하여 동일한 DELF A1 모의시험을 실시하였다. 한 집단은 전통적 교수법, 다른 집단은 행위중심적 접근법을 적용한 강의 수강생으로 구성되었으며, 두 집단의 모든 학생이 강의 시작 시점에는 완전초보자 수준이었다. 결과 분석, 특히 오답 및 예상 외 답변에 대한 분석을 통해 크게 세 가지 차원의 학습진전 경향을 관찰할 수 있었으며, 이는 언어지식, 대화 참여 적극성, 그리고 상호문화적 지식의 향상과 관련이 있다.
Live biotherapeutic products: the importance of a defined regulatory framework
Magali Cordaillat-Simmons,Alice Rouanet,Bruno Pot 생화학분자생물학회 2020 Experimental and molecular medicine Vol.52 No.-
Probiotics have been defined as “Live microorganisms that when administered in adequate amounts confer a health benefit on the host”. This definition covers a wide range of applications, target populations and (combinations of) microorganisms. Improved knowledge on the importance of the microbiota in terms of health and disease has further diversified the potential scope of a probiotic intervention, whether intended to reach the market as a food, a food supplement or a drug, depending on the intended use. However, the increased interest in the clinical application of probiotics may require specific attention given their administration in a diseased population. In addition to safety, the impact of the type of product, in terms of quality, production method and, e.g., the acceptance of side effects, is now part of the current regulatory constraints for developers. In the European Union, foods are regulated by the European Food Safety Authority and drugs by the European Medicines Agency; in the United States, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) deals with both categories. More recently, the FDA has defined a new “live biotherapeutic products” (LBP) category, clarifying pharmaceutical expectations. Since 2019, the quality requirements for this category of drug products have also been clarified by the European Pharmacopoeia (Ph. Eur.). Similar to all products intended to prevent or treat diseases, LBPs will have to be registered as medicinal products to reach the market in the US and in Europe. In this area, regulatory authorities and the pharmaceutical industry will routinely use guidelines of the “International Council for Harmonization of Technical Requirements for Pharmaceuticals for Human Use” (ICH). Although ICH guidelines are not legally binding, they provide very important recommendations, recognized by almost all drug authorities in the world. In this review, we discuss some aspects of this regulatory framework, especially focusing on products with an intended use in a diseased or vulnerable target population.
Dynamiser la production orale du FOU par l’enregistrement
Magali Plattet 서울대학교 불어문화권연구소 2015 불어문화권연구 Vol.25 No.-
Nous proposons une tentative de théorisation d’une méthode élaborée et expérimentée sur presque 10 semestres qui a pour objectif de dynamiser la production orale dans le cadre d’un apprentissage du français à l’université en Corée. Il s’agit d’une méthode proposant des activités de productions orales enregistrées dont la finalité cible l’amélioration de l’aisance communicative de l’apprenant. Une première partie s’attache à présenter la méthode développée et à proposer des exemples concrets afin de la partager avec les enseignants de français sur objectif universitaire (FOU). Les deuxième et troisième parties sont orientées vers l’analyse que nous en proposons : réciproquement une réflexion sur les conditions nécessaires au bon fonctionnement de l’activité et les modalités d’accompagnement pédagogique.