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Gender Equality, Growth and Human Development in India
Madhusudan Ghosh 연세대학교 빈곤문제국제개발연구원 2018 Journal of Poverty Alleviation and International D Vol.9 No.1
This article evaluates gender inequalities in education and employment and examines their impacts on economic growth and human development in 15 major states of India. Although the overall gender gap has declined marginally due to reduced gender gaps in political empowerment and educational attainment, it has remained high due to huge gender gaps in other categories. India has attained gender parity in primary and upper primary education and has been moving towards gender equality in literacy. Gender equality in life expectancy has improved modestly at the cost of increasing gender disparity in infant mortality. Despite the increasing literacy rate and educational levels among women, the female labor force participation rate has been declining with increasing gender gaps in wage and income. Gender equalities in literacy and labor force participation rates have positive impacts on per capita income and human development. The results suggest the need for adopting policies to create conditions, which would allow both women and men to realize their full human potential. They also suggest that increasing investment in infrastructure and the social sector could play an important role.
Agricultural Policy Reforms and Spatial Integration of Food Grain Markets in India
MADHUSUDAN GHOSH 경제연구소 2011 Journal of Economic Development Vol.36 No.2
Applying the maximum likelihood method of co-integration, this paper examines the impact of agricultural policy reforms on spatial integration of food grain markets in India. The extent of spatial integration of food grain markets has improved during the post-reform period, as the regional markets, which were either segmented or poorly integrated during the pre-reform period, are found to be strongly integrated, and in most cases to such an extent that satisfies the relative version of the law of one price. The agricultural policy reforms undertaken by the Indian government seem to have contributed towards improving the extent of spatial integration of food grain markets. The results offer important policy implications.
Reconcile Security Requirements for Intelligent Vehicles
Madhusudan Singh,Shiho Kim 제어로봇시스템학회 2017 제어로봇시스템학회 국제학술대회 논문집 Vol.2017 No.10
An intelligent vehicle (Self-driving) is an emerging research area. Presently, many industries, research organizations and universities are working on intelligent vehicles. Some researchers are working on security issues of intelligent vehicles (IV). Most of the researchers focus on static security (static security cannot adapt to the changes in the environment). Since the environment of IV is dynamically changing, the approach of static security is not feasible to provide reconcile cyber-security in IV. Reconciling systems evolve in a very uncertain environment and try to fulfill a business objective by sensing the environment, analyzing it and taking the best decision according to its requirements. In this paper, we discuss reconcile security requirements engineering to provide cyber-security in IV. To fulfill our objective, we use the goal modeling approach of RE, the Knowledge Acquisition in Automated Specification (KAOS) Model approach, and designed it using Objectiver tool to find the reconciling requirements. Self-reconciliation in requirement engineering is acquired by five building blocks such as Monitor, Analyze, Plan, Execute and Knowledge i.e. [MAPE-K] loop architecture, which provides the reconciling capabilities to our proposed reconciling requirements for cyber-security in IV.
Non-Tree Based Hybrid Wireless Mesh Protocol
Madhusudan Singh,Sang-Gon Lee 한국멀티미디어학회 2009 한국멀티미디어학회 학술발표논문집 Vol.2009 No.2
Wireless mesh networks (WMNs) is a type of mobile ad-hoc networks. In WMNs, all nodes are static or related with fixed position. WMNs have a default routing protocol, Hybrid Wireless Mesh Protocol (HWMP), which is root constrain and tree-based proactive routing protocol. During reactive routing, it always initiates with PREQ message. In this paper, we propose, different root techniques for different data transmission, non-tree based HWMP for IEEE802.11s. In this paper, we propose some modification of the reactive routing and as well as compared with existing system.
Goyal, Madhusudan,Kumar, Sudershan,ChandrabhanVerma, Sudershan,Bahadur, Indra,Ebenso, Eno E.,Lgaz, Hassane,Chung, Ill-Min Elsevier 2020 Journal of Molecular Liquids Vol.298 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>In present study two quaternary phosphonium salts namely (1-NapthylMethyl)-triphenylphosphonium Chloride (1-NpMe-TPC) and (4-Methoxybenzyl)-triphenylphosphonium Bromide (4-MeOBz-TPB) are reported as inhibitors for mild steel (MS) corrosion in 0.5MH<SUB>2</SUB>SO<SUB>4</SUB> using various electrochemical, theoretical and surface morphological techniques. Inhibitors 1-NpMe-TPC and 4-MeOBz-TPB were prepared by diluting the solution of concentration 10<SUP>−2</SUP> to 10<SUP>−5</SUP> M and results are showed maximum efficiencies of 99.72% and 97.76%, respectively at 10<SUP>−3</SUP> M concentration (298K). Polarization measurements revealed that both 1-NpMe-TPC and 4-MeOBz-TPB acted as mixed corrosion inhibitors. EIS study revealed that 1-NpMe-TPC and 4-MeOBz-TPB adsorbed at the mild steel/0.5M H<SUB>2</SUB>SO<SUB>4</SUB> interfaces and enhanced the magnitude of charge transfer resistances. Adsorption of the 1-NpMe-TPC and 4-MeOBz-TPB at the metallic surface was further supported by SEM and AFM studies. Several thermodynamic parameters ( Δ G a d s 0 , Δ H a d s 0 and Δ S a d s 0 ), Semi-empirical AM1 and MD parameters were derived in order to <SUP>describe</SUP> the adsorption behavior of 1-NpMe-TPC and 4-MeOBz-TPB on metallic surface. The reasonable consistence was found between experimental and theoretical results.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Quaternary phosphonium ionic salts are reported as corrosion inhibitors. </LI> <LI> Electrochemical, theoretical and surface morphological techniques were used. </LI> <LI> The results were supported by SEM, AFM and QC Calculations. </LI> </UL> </P>
Roy, Madhusudan,Alauddin, Mohammad,Song, Jae Kyu,Park, Seung Min Elsevier 2018 Spectrochimica acta. Part A, Molecular and biomole Vol.204 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Molecular structures of aniline(pyrrole)<SUP>+</SUP>, aniline(ethanol)<SUP>+</SUP>, and aniline(benzene)<SUP>+</SUP> produced via resonance two-photon ionization at 266 nm were analyzed by infrared predissociation spectroscopy coupled with tandem mass spectrometry. Structural optimization and frequency calculation using density functional theory were carried out to suggest the most probable isomers which are in good agreement with the observed infrared absorption spectra. Intermolecular bonds in the cluster ions were formed such that the electronegative oxygen atom of the solvent molecule or the pi electron of the aromatic ring forms a hydrogen bonding to NH of aniline.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Structures of heterodimer cluster ions including aniline are analyzed by IR spectroscopy and DFT calculation. </LI> <LI> Cluster ions are stabilized by formation of hydrogen bonds </LI> <LI> Hydrogen bonds are formed between NH of aniline and oxygen or π electron of solvent molecule. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical Abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>