흰쥐 뇌파에 미치는 Halothane 마취 효과의 정량적 분석

박성근,이만기 慶北大學校 醫科大學 1991 慶北醫大誌 Vol.32 No.2

An objective quantification of the level of halothane anesthesia by spectrum analysis of EEG recorded from the rat scalp was studied. The rats were divided into four groups according to exposure concentration of 1.0, 1.5, 2.0 and 2.5% halothane, and then bipolar EEG recording through one lead from the rat scalp was followed by power spectrum analysis. The density of each band (delta 1-3.5 Hz, theta 3.5-8 Hz, alpha 8-13 Hz, betal 13-18 Hz, beta2 18-21 Hz, and beta3 21-30 Hz) and total density, and median power frequency were calculated from the spectrums. These 8 parameters were taken for a stepwise or direct discriminant analysis. Predicted groups by the discriminant analysis for the EEG parameters were in accordance with 94.12% of the actual groups. The results suggest that the discriminant analysis for the EEG parameters derived from power spectrum can be applied to determination on the level of halothane anesthesia.

Acetylcholine에 의한 적출 십이지장 평활근 수축에 미치는 Calcium 길항제의 영향

손의동,이만기,박창호,김인겸,김중영 慶北大學校 醫科大學 1991 慶北醫大誌 Vol.32 No.2

To compare antagonistic action of caloium antagonists on intestinal smooth muscle contraction, acetylcholine-induced phasic contraction (PC) and tonic contraction (TC) initiated by different calcium utilization were observed in the presence of various calcium antagonists by the use of isolated mouse duodenum suspended in Tyrode's solution. By verapamil at 2.2×10 exp(-6), 2.2×10 exp(-5) and 2.2×10 exp(-4) mM, PC was more decreased dose-dependently than TC. By nifedipine at 7.9×10 exp(-5) mM, PC was more decreased than TC, but at 7.9×10 exp(-6) mM it did not affect PC and TC. By diltiazem at 6.1×10 exp(-4) mM, PC was more decreased than TC, but at 2.4×10 exp(-4) and 2.4×10 exp(-5) mM it did not affect both of the contractions. By cobalt chloride at 0.3, 1.3, and 2.6 mM, TC was significantly decreased without affecting PC, but PC markedly decreased at 5.2 mM. These results reconfirmed the fact that cobalt ion-induced calcium antagonism is more related to calcium influx process than calcium release process in contrast with the actions of verapamil, diltiazem, and nifedipine in duodenal smooth muscle.

Methylphenidate 투약에 따른 주의력결핍 과잉운동장애 아동의 정량화 뇌파의 변화

이병대,정성훈,이만기,장수민,백지령,임효덕 대한생물치료정신의학회 2002 생물치료정신의학 Vol.8 No.1

수종 자궁수축제의 마우스의 적출자궁 수축력에 미치는 효과의 비교

이상엽,주영은,이만기 啓明大學校 醫科大學 1983 계명의대학술지 Vol.2 No.1

마우스 비임신적출자궁 5예와 임신전기적출자궁 6예에 자궁수축제 oxytocin, PGF, ergonovine maleate를 투여하여 다음 결과를 얻었다. 비임신자궁에서 oxytocin과 PGF는 ergonovine maleate보다 가가 23배, 26배의 효능을 가졌고, oxytocin은 PGF와 ergonovine maleate보다 약 126배, 145배의 효력을 가졌다. 임신전기자궁에서 oxytocin과 PGF는 ergonovine maleate보다 각각 1.6배, 1.8배의 효능을 가졌고, oxytocin은 PGF보다 약 9배, ergonovine maleate보다 약 5배의 효력을 가졌다. Oxytocin은 임신자궁보다 비임신자궁에 효력이 강하나, PGF와 ergonovine maleate는 비임신자궁보다 임신자궁에 효력이 강하게 나타났다. The response of the isolated uterus from pregnant (gestational period less than 10 days) and nonpregnant mouse to uterine stimulants, oxytocin, prostaglandin F₂α (PGF₂α )and ergonovine, was observed in low calcium Tyrode's solution. Potency was represented by the value of pD₂ which is defined as the negative logarithm of the concentration producting half- maximal response to each drug. In the non-pregnant uterus, the pD₂ values of oxytocin, PGF₂α, and ergonovine were 8.86, 6.76, and 6.70, respectively. In the pregnant uterus, the values were 8.45, 7.50, and 7.75, respectively. A maximal response produced by oxytocin was similar to that by PGF₂α in both pregnant and nonpregnant uterus. However, the maximal response to ergonovine in the nonpregnant uterus was one-twenty fifth the response to oxytocin and PGF₂α, and in the pregnant uterus it was a half the response to them.

백서에서 Chlorpromzaine,Haloperidol,Clozapine이 뇌파에 미치는 영향

정성훈,박영남,이만기,박진숙 대한생물치료정신의학회 2000 생물치료정신의학 Vol.6 No.1

To evaluate the differential elects of chlorpromazine, haloperidol, and clozapine on electroencephalographic (EEG) changes, EEG findings were compared in normal, relaxant, and schizophrenic animal models produced with MK-801 by using power spectral EEG analysis. Under pentobarbital anesthesia, the screw electrodes were implanted on the skull over the frontal cortex for EEG recording. The EEG was recorded before and after intraperitoneal administration of clozapine(5mg/kg), chlorpromazine(5mg/kg) and haloperidol(1mg/kg) in rats while awake(the normal group), rats pretreated with a relaxant pancuronium bromide(the relaxant group) and rats pretreated wish MK-801(0.2mg/kg, i.p., the MK-801 group). Spectrum analysis of the EEG was used to calculate the powers of each band (delta 1-4Hz; theta 4-8Hz; alpha 8-l3Hz; beta L 13-21Hz; beta H 21-30Hz; gamma 30-50Hz; and total 1-50Hz). The EEG activity was presented as the log value of the relative band power. In the relaxant group, clozapine increased the activity of the delta, theta and alpha bands. Chlorpromazine increased the activity of the betaL band as well as the delta, theta and alpha bands and it decreased the activity of the gamma band. However, haloperidol did not change the activity of all bands significantly. In the MK-801 group, clozapine increased the activity of the delta and gamma bands and chlorpromazine increased the activity of the delta, betah and gamma bands significantly, Haloperidol increased the activity of the alpha and betaL bands significantly. To evaluate the differential effects of antipsychotics on EEG between the groups, the ratio of power change after a drug as referenced to pre-drug power in each group was calculated and compared between the groups and was represented by star-like display. In the star-like display, clozapine showed the smallest change and caused a slight shift upwards and to the left, chlorpromazine showed irregular changes, haloperidol showed similar increases along each band.

EFFECTS OF LIDOCAINE ON SOMATOSENSORY EVOKED POTENTIALS IN RAT VIBRISSA/BARREL CORTEX

남순현,최병주,김현정,이만기,김영진,이혜숙 大韓小兒齒科學會 1996 大韓小兒齒科學會誌 Vol.23 No.3

본 실험은 삼차신경 자극으로 발생되는 체성 감각 유발 전위에 대한 국소마취제의 효과를 관찰하였다. 나트륨 통로차단을 통하여 약리작용을 나타내는 것으로 알려져 있는 리도카인를 뇌 피질에 국소 투여한 후 삼차신경의 체성 감각유발 전위의 강도및 지연시간을 측정하였다. 케타민으로 마취된 흰쥐의 대측성 구레나룻 자극후 뇌의 체성 감각영역으로부터 기록되는 유발전위를 분석한 결과, 리도카인을 뇌 피질에 국소 투여시 유발전위의 강도 및 지연시간의 감소가 나타났으며, 필드 전위의 형태는 이상성(양극성 및 음극성) 혹은 삼상성(양극성, 음극성 및 양극성)의 파형으로 나타났다. 필드 전위의 발생 부위는 뇌 피질의 중대뇌동맥의 상행지 상방영역이었다. 본 실험에서 나타난 초기 전위변동은 피질판 상층에 존재하는 신경세포의 탈분극 과정에 의하여 생성되고 후기 전위 변동은 피질판 상층에 존재하는 신경세포의 탈분극 과정에 의하여 생성되고 후기의 전위 변동은 동일 영역의 하층 신경세포에서 과분극 혹은 재분극이 발생한 결과라고 유추된다. 따라서 삼차신경계의 체성 감각 영역에서는 피질 상층및 하층의 과립성 피라미드 세포의 순차적인 활성화에 의하여 기본적인 신경 회로망이 형성되어 있으며 생리적 자극으로 유발되는 필드 전위는 이러한 신경망를 통하여 발생될 것으로 사료된다.

Glutamate 억제제가 Pilocarpine에 의한 경련 및 기억장애에 미치는 영향

천임순,한형수,박정숙,정헌주,이만기,김중영 慶北大學校 醫科大學 1996 慶北醫大誌 Vol.37 No.3

목적 : Pilocarpine에 의한 경련 및 기억력 저하에 glutamate 수용체가 관련이 있는지 검토하였다. 대상 및 방법 : 생쥐에 pilocarpine을 투여하여 야기되는 경련 및 기억력저하가 glutamate 수용체 길항 약물인 MK-801 및 NBQX를 전처치하였을 때의 반응을 Morris Water Maze의 방법으로 관찰하였다. 결과 : MK-801과 NBQX를 전처치하고 pilocarpine을 투여하였는 바 pilocarpine에 의한 경련유발은 억제되지 않았으나, pilocarpine에 의한 reference memory와 working memory의 저하는 MK-801이나 NBQX를 처치로서 억제되었다. 결론 : Pilocarpine에 의한 경련작용에 비하여 기억력저허가 glutamte 수용체와 관련이 있는 것으로 보인다. The role of glutamate receptors in the genesis of pilocarpine-induced seizure and seizure-related memory deficit was studied using MK-801 and NBQX. After pretreatment with MK-801 or NBQX, pilocarpine was administered intraperitoneally. Both drugs had no effect on the behavioral seizure activity and onset of seizure activity. Memory was tested with reference and working memory version of Morris water maze at 20th day after pilocarpine treatment. Reference and working memory deficit was produced by pilocarpine. These deficit were prevented by MK-801 or NBQX, which were given in once a day for 4 day at 7th to 10th days after pilocarpine treatment. These results show that although MK-801 and NBQX do not have anticonvulsant property they can prevent pilocarpine-induced memory deficit.

양이장단자극을 이용한 각성유지 및 수면유도

정환목,배기성,김형식,우창진,최평,이만기 경북대학교 센서기술연구소 2002 센서技術學術大會論文集 Vol.13 No.1

Electroencephalographic Correlation Dimension Changes with Depth of Halothane

Maan Gee Lee,Eun Ju Park,Jung Mee Choi,Moon Han Yoon 대한생리학회-대한약리학회 1999 The Korean Journal of Physiology & Pharmacology Vol.3 No.5

<P> This study was designed to evaluate the efficacy of dynamic parameters, such as correlation dimension D<SUB>2</SUB>, by comparing spectral electroencephalographic (EEG) parameters. These parameters are used to estimate the depth of halothane anesthesia as defined by the presence of body movement in response to a tail clamp. Six rats were used and each of them was exposed to halothane sequentially at the concentrations of 0%, 0.5%, 1.0% and 1.5% for 30 min. A tail clamp was applied every five min and the movements were recorded at each concentration level. The spectral parameters and the dynamic parameters were derived from 20-sec and 10-sec segments, respectively, from the last 5-mins of EEG recording at each concentration level. Correlation coefficients between the parameters and the movements were calculated. Standardized values of three parameters, betaL power, median power frequency (MPF), and D<SUB>2</SUB> were derived by calculation based on the number of animals showing the movement in response to a tail clamp. The betaL power had the largest correlation coefficient to spontaneous movement and to the response to a tail clamp than any other band parameter. MPF had a better correlation with the movement than 90% spectral edge frequency. Among the dynamic parameters, D<SUB>2</SUB> on the parietal cortex had a better correlation with the movement. The level of deviation and variation of standardized D<SUB>2</SUB>, MPF, and betaL were significant (p<0.01). The order of deviation and variation was; betaL power>MPF>D<SUB>2</SUB>. The correlation dimension serves as a better index for the depth of halothane anesthesia defined in forms of a response to external stimulation.

Electroencephalographic Correlation Dimension Changes with Depth of Halothane

Lee, Maan Gee,Park, Eun Ju,Choi, Jung Mee,Yoon, Moon Han 경북대학교 의학연구소 1999 경북대학교병원의학연구소논문집 Vol.3 No.1

This study was designed to evaluate the efficacy of dynamic parameters, such as correlation dimension D2, by comparing spectral electroencephalographic (EEG) parameters. These parameters are used to estimate the depth of halothane anesthesia as defined by the presence of body movement in response to a tail clamp. Six rats were used and each of them was exposed to halothane sequentially at the concentrations of 0%, 0.5%, 1.0% and 1.5% for 30 min. A tail clamp was applied every five min and the movements were recorded at each concentration level. The spectral parameters and the dynamic parameters were derived from 20-sec and 10-sec segments, respectively, from the last 5-mins of EEG recording at each concentration level. Correlation coefficients between the parameters and the movements were calculated. Standardized values of three parameters, betas power, median power frequency (MPF), and D2 were derived by calcu-lation based on the number of animals showing the movement in response to a tail clamp. The betaL power had the largest correlation coefficient to spontaneous movement and to the response to a tail clamp than any other band parameter. MPF had a better correlation with the movement than 90% spectral edge frequency. Among the dynamic parameters, D2 on the parietal cortex had a better correlation with the movement. The level of deviation and variation of standardized D2, MPF, and betas were significant (p < 0.01). The order of deviation and variation was; betaL power>MPF>D2. The correlation dimension serves as a better index for the depth of halothane anesthesia defined in forms of a response to external stimulation.