Tourism

Maryam,Salmanian,Arezoo,Golkar,Mozafar Mohammadkhani,jafar,Safakhah 세계문화관광학회 2010 Conference Proceedings Vol.11 No.0

According to tourism international organization report, countries income made by tourism has been increasingly developed in recent years. Nowadays tourism is the main power of economic development and growth in many countries and it diversifies the economy by providing opportunities and brings employment and income. According to statistics reported by this organization, tourism is of the main world industries next to oil and machinery industries and has had great role in solving economic problems by for example providing employment and income. This industry has been on main interest of governors in terms of macro investment due to its low cost and it is attempted to identify it. Our country in spite of having high capacities, has failed to keep pace with this growth and develop its internal and external tourism industry. In this study it is attempts to examine Iran‘s status with regard the fact that it has rich valuable natural and cultural treasuries by analyzing tourism importance in different countries. In addition, some recommendations are provided in order to improve some kinds of tourism which are more suitable for Iran with regard to its cultural and religious situation.

Evaluation of Microstructure, Mechanical and Thermal Properties of Ti–Zr–Pd–Cu and Ti–Zr–Pd–Cu–Bi Nanoglass Thin Films

Maryam Mohri,Mohammed Renda Chellali,Di Wang,Julia Ivanisenko 대한금속·재료학회 2022 METALS AND MATERIALS International Vol.28 No.7

High entropy alloy thin films have been gained attention recently due to their exceptional properties like high corrosion resistance,unique mechanical and physical properties. In this research, DC magnetron sputtering was used to fabricate two kindsof high entropy alloys thin films of Ti–Zr–Pd–Cu and Ti–Zr–Pd–Cu–Bi at two working pressure 2 and 5 mTorr. Structural,thermal, and mechanical properties of the Ti–Zr–Pd–Cu and Ti–Zr–Pd–Cu–Bi thin films deposited at room temperature usingDC magnetron sputtering have been considered in this research. The microstructural analyses using X-ray diffractometer,scanning, and transmission electron microscopies show that the size of glassy clusters and the chemical composition of thinfilms can be controlled by adjusting the sputtering pressure. The high entropy alloy thin films deposited at high pressuredisplayed nano-clusters with an amorphous structure. The elemental distribution obtained using atom probe tomographyillustrated that Bi atoms were segregated along with the columnar interfaces. Furthermore, Bi addition to the Ti–Zr–Pd–Cuthin film led to increase in thermal stability and decrease in the characteristic enthalpy of the nanoglass thin films. The thinfilms’ mechanical properties were evaluated by nano-indentation. The results indicated that the Ti–Zr–Pd–Cu–Bi nanoglassthin film had higher strength, hardness, and elastic modulus than the Ti–Zr–Cu–Pd thin film. It was suggested that latticedistortion and nano columnar structure caused to increase in the mechanical properties of Ti–Zr–Pd–Cu–Bi thin film.

The association of pro-oxidant/antioxidant balance and blood parameters in patients with beta-thalassemia major: a cross-sectional study

Maryam Parvizi,Maryam Deldadeh Moghaddam,Shiva Nazari,Hami Ashraf,Maryam Kazemi Aghdam 대한혈액학회 2023 Blood Research Vol.58 No.4

Background Oxidative stress due to iron accumulation in patients with beta-thalassemia major (BTM) causes complications such as tissue damage and destruction. This study aimed to assess the association between the serum prooxidant/antioxidant balance (PAB) and blood parameters in patients with BTM. Methods This cross-sectional study included 92 patients with BTM. In this study, PAB was measured using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Serum ferritin, blood urea nitrogen (BUN), creatinine (Cr), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), complete blood cell count (CBC), and history of blood transfusion were recorded. The association of the blood parameters was assessed across the tertiles (T) of serum PAB (highest T vs. lowest T). Results The results showed that high serum ferritin was directly associated with serum PAB [odds ratio (OR), 12.80; 95% confidence interval (CI), 2.98‒54.91; T3 vs. T1]. Also, direct associations were found for high TC (OR, 4.97; 95% CI, 1.42‒17.32; T3 vs. T1), high ALT (OR, 4.95; 95% CI, 1.33‒18.46; T3 vs. T1) and high TSH (OR, 3.78; 95% CI, 1.10‒13.02; T3 vs. T1). Conclusion The findings of the present study showed that serum PAB levels were directly associated with ferritin, ALT, TC, and TSH levels. This indicates that improvements in blood parameters, especially ferritin and TSH levels, occur by ameliorating oxidative stress in patients with BTM.

Effects of Serum Vitamin D and Efficacy of Subcutaneous Immunotherapy in Adult Patients With Allergic Rhinitis

Maryam Joudi,Reza Farid Hosseini,Maryam Khoshkhui,Maryam Salehi,Samaneh Kouzegaran,Mansur Ahoon,Farahzad Jabbari Azad 대한천식알레르기학회 2019 Allergy, Asthma & Immunology Research Vol.11 No.6

Immunotherapy is the standard of treatment for long-life relief of symptoms of allergic rhinitis. Vitamin D may affect the outcomes of treatment. This study evaluated the clinical efficacy of subcutaneous allergen immunotherapy in adult patients with allergic rhinitis based on the serum level of vitamin D. Patients with persistent allergic rhinitis and positivity for skin prick test were evaluated by Sino-nasal Outcome Test (SNOT-22) and Mini Rhinoconjunctivitis Quality of Life Questionnaire (MiniRQLQ) before subcutaneous allergen immunotherapy and during the maintenance phase to assess the relation of the serum level of vitamin D and the clinical efficacy of immunotherapy. After immunotherapy, the greatest reduction in SNOT-22 scores were reported in patients with vitamin D sufficiency (39.0 ± 9.2), followed by vitamin D suboptimal provision (35.1 ± 12.1), insufficiency (25.0 ± 7.5), and deficiency (18.3 ± 6.0) (P < 0.001). The MiniRQLQ reduction in patients with vitamin D sufficiency, suboptimal provision, insufficiency, or deficiency was 30.7 ± 8.7, 27.1 ± 8.7, 20.0 ± 8.6, or 17.4 ± 7.1, respectively (P < 0.001). Both of SNOT-22 and MiniRQLQ scores decreased significantly following immunotherapy in patients with different levels of vitamin D. However, these effects were more pronounced when the level of vitamin D was sufficient.

Gastric cancer and mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes: from pro-tumorigenic effects to anti-cancer vehicles

Maryam Dolatshahi,Ahmad Reza Bahrami,Qaiser Iftikhar Sheikh,Mohsen Ghanbari,Maryam M. Matin 대한약학회 2024 Archives of Pharmacal Research Vol.47 No.1

Gastric cancer (GC) is one of the most prevalent malignancies in the world, with a high mortality rate in both womenand men. Conventional treatments, like chemotherapy, radiotherapy and surgery, are facing some drawbacks like acquireddrug resistance and various side eff ects, leading to cancer recurrence and increased morbidity; thus, development of novelapproaches in targeted therapy would be very benefi cial. Exosomes, extracellular vesicles with a size distribution of sub-150 nm, interplay in physiological and pathophysiological cell–cell communications and can pave the way for targeted cancertherapy. Accumulating pieces of evidence have indicated that exosomes derived from mesenchymal stem cells (MSC-EXs)can act as a double-edged sword in some cancers. The purpose of this review is to assess the diff erences between stem celltherapy and exosome therapy. Moreover, our aim is to demonstrate how naïve MSCs transform into GC-MSCs in the tumormicroenvironment. Additionally, the tumorigenic and anti-proliferation eff ects of MSC-EXs derived from diff erent originswere investigated. Finally, we suggest potential modifi cations and combination options that involve utilizing MSC-EXs fromthe foreskin and umbilical cord as promising sources to enhance the effi cacy of gastric cancer treatment. This approach ispresented in contrast to bone marrow cells, which are more heterogeneous, age-related, and are also easily aff ected by thepatient's circulation system.

A Novel Cell Disruption Approach: Effectiveness of Laser-induced Cell Lysis of Pichia pastoris in the Continuous System

Maryam Gazor,Seyed Siamak Ashraf Talesh,Alireza kavianpour,Maryam Khatami,Amin Javidanbardan,Seyed Nezamedin Hosseini 한국생물공학회 2018 Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering Vol.23 No.1

In biotechnological processes, often cell disruption has been an inevitable step as current host cells express most of the desired products intracellularly. Thus, an appropriate cell disruption technique must be selected considering different factors including the target product, process scale, and cell wall structure. In the current study, as a novel method, the efficacy of cell disruption via laser was tested qualitatively and quantitatively in batch and continuous systems, respectively. Laser-induced cell lysis can be a clean, rapid and convenient alternative to the other conventional disruption techniques. Our investigations in the continuous system with a flow rate of 800 μL/sec proved efficient (~ 90%) Pichia pastoris cell disruption at the wavenumber 1,064 nm with the energy input of 284 mW after four complete rounds of circulation. The main mechanism of cell disruption is assumed to be thermolysis via instant heat increase in the laser-treated spot. The results of the current study showed that continuous laser system could be applied in laboratory and industry scale for cell disruption.

A study on street network resilience in urban areas by urban network analysis: comparative study of old, new and middle fabrics in shiraz

Maryam Roosta,Masoud Javadpoor,Maryam Ebadi 서울시립대학교 도시과학연구원 2022 도시과학국제저널 Vol.26 No.2

Vulnerability of the urban street network in times of crisis causes problem for the evacuation, rescue, emergency services and the reconstruction process of urban areas. Despite the importance of the street network in the urban form and its effect on resilience and vulnerability of urban areas, this issue has been less addressed in researches. The study sought to comparatively examine street network resilience in three types of urban fabrics using the Urban Network Analysis. Three urban areas of Shiraz with new (regular and checkered), old (organic) and middle (semi-checkered) street network have been studied using graph theory and network analysis approach and have been ranked using VIKOR technique. Indicators studied in these areas were Reach Centrality, Gravity Centrality, Betweenness Centrality, Closeness Centrality and Straightness Centrality, and ArcMap and Rhino software have been used to measure these indicators. The Reach, Gravity and Straightness indicators are better in region 8 (historical and organic street network), but in contrast, the Betweenness and Closeness indicators in this area make network resilience difficult. Region 11 of the new urban fabric with a regular street network, especially due to the lack of two indicators “Closeness” and “Betweenness”, has the highest network resilience in times of crisis within the studied indicators and in contrast, Region 8 which has included historical urban fabric has the least street resilience. The findings indicated that despite the appropriate status of “Reach” and “Gravity” indicators in historical and organic fabrics, the network of such fabrics was harmful due to high “Closeness” and “Betweenness” indicators in times of crisis and would not have the required resilience and efficiency. Strategies to reduce the two “Closeness” and “Betweenness” indicators in the street network of historical and organic fabrics, as well as increasing “Gravity” and “Reach” in the network of new fabrics, would be effective in promoting network resilience.

Effect of Cucumber Mycorrhiza Inoculation under Low and High Root Temperature Grown on Hydroponic Conditions

Maryam Haghighi,Maryam Mozafariyan,Behzad Abdolahipour 한국작물학회 2015 Journal of crop science and biotechnology Vol.18 No.2

Cucumber is a subtropical vegetable sensitive to high and low root temperature. Additionally, mycorrhiza with beneficial effect on plant growth can increase plant tolerance to stress. This experiment was carried out as a factorial design based on CRD to study the effect of mycorrhiza density (0, 1,000 spores and 2,000 spores) on cucumber (Cucumis sativus cv. Super N3) under low (15°C), high (35°C), and optimum (25°C) temperature root zones. The result showed that low and high root zone temperatures decreased shoot and root fresh weight, chlorophyll content, and antioxidant activity compared to optimum temperature, while the phenols of shoot and NR activity increased in low and high temperature, respectively, as compared to optimum temperature. Both mycorrhiza inoculation (1,000 and 2,000 spores) increased shoot and root fresh weight while mycorrhiza with 1,000 spores increased antioxidant activity and phenol content and NR activity had no influence by mycorrhiza symbiosis. Mycorrhiza inoculation increased SPAD value at optimum temperature. FV/FM reduced by mycorrhiza with 2,000 spores at low and high temperature stress. Total phenol content increased at all temperature levels by mycorrhiza inoculation. Mycorrhiza with 1,000 spore increased antioxidant activity of leaves at all root zone temperatures. NR activity increased with both mycorrhiza inoculation at optimum temperature and decreased at high root zone temperatures. In general, our results showed that mycorrhiza symbiosis had a desirable effect on cucumber culture at low and high root zone temperatures.

In vitro and Ex vitro Rooting of Olive Micro Shoots

Maryam Peyvandi,Maryam Taimoori,Mehdi Hosseini Mazinani 한국원예학회 2006 한국원예학회 기타간행물 Vol.- No.-

Healthy and Unhealthy Dietary Patterns Are Related to Depression: A Case-Control Study

Maryam Khosravi,Gity Sotoudeh,Reza Majdzadeh,Somayeh Nejati,Samaneh Darabi,Firoozeh Raisi,Ahmad Esmaillzadeh,Maryam Sorayani 대한신경정신의학회 2015 PSYCHIATRY INVESTIGATION Vol.12 No.4

ObjectiveaaMajor depressive disorder is the leading cause of disability around the world. The relationship between depression and dietary patterns has been reported in a few studies but with controversial results. This study aimed to investigate this relationship in an Iranian population. MethodsaaIn our study, 330 depressed patients (cases) and healthy people (controls) (1:2) were individually matched according to age, sex and area of residence. New cases of depression were recruited from two psychiatric clinics in Tehran. Interviewers went to each patient’s residential area, and invited qualified individuals to participate in the study as controls. Food intake over the past year was collected using a validated semi quantitative food frequency questionnaire. Dietary patterns were determined by the principal components method. Binary logistic regression was used to test the effect of dietary patterns on depression. ResultsaaWe identified two major dietary patterns by using factor analysis: the healthy and unhealthy dietary patterns. We categorized the scores of these patterns to quartiles. After adjusting for non-depression drug use, job, marital status, children number, and body mass index, the relations of depression and quartiles of two dietary patterns are significant (p=0.04 & p=0.01, respectively). Compared with participants in the lowest quartile, those in the highest quartile had significantly lower odds ratio (OR) for depression in healthy dietary pattern, and higher OR for depression in unhealthy dietary pattern. ConclusionaaThis study indicates that healthy and unhealthy dietary patterns may be associated with the risk of depression. The results can be used for developing interventions that aim to promote healthy eating for the prevention of depression.