Effects of Fat Reduction on the Stability, Microstructure, Rheological and Color Characteristics of White-Brined Cheese Emulsion with Different Emulsifying Salt Amounts

Mü,ge Urgu,Sevcan Unluturk,Nurcan Koca 한국축산식품학회 2018 한국축산식품학회지 Vol.38 No.5

Cheese emulsion is an intermediate product for the production of cheese powder and needs to be stable, homogeneous and pumpable characteristics to convey to the spray drier. This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of fat reduction and emulsifying salt (ES) amount in cheese emulsion systems on the physicochemical characteristics. Reduced-fat (RF) and full-fat (FF) white-brined cheese emulsions were produced with different dry matters (DM; 15%–25% excluding ES) and ES concentrations (0%–3% based on cheese weight). Stable cheese emulsion was obtained at lower DM in RF cheese emulsion than that of FF cheese emulsion. Reduction in the amount of ES resulted in instability of both emulsions. Apparent viscosity with pseudoplastic flow behavior significantly increased with the decrease of fat content in stable cheese emulsions. Microstructure of emulsions appeared to be related to the fat content, stability and degree of emulsification. Reduction of fat content caused to get less lightness and more greenness in color, whereas yellowness was significantly decreased by increase in the amount of ES. In conclusion, fat reduction resulted in higher viscosities of cheese emulsion due to inducing the increment of protein, and the addition amount of ES considered as very important factor to produce stable cheese emulsion without protein precipitation or cream separation. Therefore, for preparation of RF cheese emulsion using a variety of white-brined cheese, lower amounts of DM would be suggested in this study to obtain homogenous droplets in the atomizing process of spray drying.

Milk Fat Substitution by Microparticulated Protein in Reduced-fat Cheese Emulsion: The Effects on Stability, Microstructure, Rheological and Sensory Properties

Mü,ge Urgu,Aylin Tü,rk,Sevcan Ü,nlü,tü,rk,Figen Kaymak-Ertekin,Nurcan Koca 한국축산식품학회 2019 한국축산식품학회지 Vol.39 No.1

Fat reduction in the formulation of cheese emulsion causes problems in its flowability and functional characteristics during spray-dried cheese powder production. In order to eliminate these problems, the potential of using microparticulated whey protein (MWP) in cheese emulsions was examined in this study. Reduced-fat whitebrined cheese emulsions (RF) with different dry-matters (DM) (15%, 20%, and 25% excluding emulsifying salt) were produced using various MWP concentrations (0%–20% based on cheese DM of emulsion). Their key characteristics were compared to full-fat cheese emulsion (FF). MWP addition had no influence on prevention of the phase separation observed in the instable group (RF 15). The most notable effect of using MWP was a reduction in apparent viscosity of RF which significantly increased by fat reduction. Moreover, increasing the amount of MWP led to a decrease in the values of consistency index and an increase in the values of flow behavior index. On the other hand, using high amounts of MWP made the emulsion more liquid-like compared to full-fat counterpart. MWP utilization also resulted in similar lightness and yellowness parameters in RF as their full-fat counterparts. MWP in RF increased glossiness and flowability scores, while decreased mouth coating scores in sensory analyses. Fat reduction caused a more compact network, while a porous structure similar to FF was observed with MWP addition to RF. In conclusion, MWP showed a good potential for formulation of reducedfat cheese emulsions with rheological and sensorial characteristics suitable to be used as the feeding liquid in the spray drying process.

Free transverse vibrations of an elastically connected simply supported twin pipe system

Müge Balkaya,Metin O. Kaya,Ahmet Sa lamer 국제구조공학회 2010 Structural Engineering and Mechanics, An Int'l Jou Vol.34 No.5

In this paper, free vibration analyses of a parallel placed twin pipe system simulated by simply supported-simply supported and fixed-fixed Euler-Bernoulli beams resting on Winkler elastic soil are presented. The motion of the system is described by a homogenous set of two partial differential equations, which is solved by a simulation method called the Differential Transform Method (DTM). Free vibrations of an elastically connected twin pipe system are realized by synchronous and asynchronous deflections. The results of the presented theoretical analyses for simply supported Euler-Bernoulli beams are compared with existing ones in open literature and very good agreement is demonstrated.

Investigation of the Relationship Between Perceived Stress and Sleep Hygiene in High School Students

Haylı Çiğdem Müge,Kösem Dilek Demi̇r,Felek Emrah 대한수면학회 2023 sleep medicine research Vol.14 No.3

Background and Objective This study aimed to conduct a descriptive study to examine the relationship between perceived stress and sleep hygiene in high school students.Methods The data required for the research were collected online between December 16, 2022 and March 10, 2023. The study group of the research consisted of high school students. An online survey method, a socio-demographic data collection form, Perceived Stress Scale (PSS), and Sleep Hygiene Index (SHI) were obtained from 219 high school students living in Hakkari, Turkey, who were selected by the convenience sampling method, one of the nonprobability sampling methods. The independent sample t-test, ANOVA analysis, and Pearson correlation test were used to analyze the data.Results A total of 51.1% of the participating high school students were boys, and 48.9% were girls. A total of 35.6% of the participating high school students were 16 years old, 27.4% were 17 years old, 21.5% were 15 years old, and 15.5% were 18 years old. It was found that there was no significant difference (p > 0.05) between the PSS subdimensions and the SHI scores of high school students according to the variables, such as age, high school type, and class status. It was found that there was a significant relationship among the gender variable, the PSS subdimensions, and the SHI scale (p < 0.05).Conclusions It can be concluded that factors, such as age, high school type, and class status, did not affect the relationship between perceived stress and sleep hygiene in high school students and that the gender variable had an effect on the relationship between perceived stress and sleep hygiene. It is recommended that research to examine the relationship between perceived stress and sleep hygiene should be performed by expanding the samples.

Determination of some useful radiation interaction parameters for waste foods

F. Akman,I.H. Geçibesler,M.I. Sayyed,S.A. Tijani,A.R. Tufekci,I. Demirtas 한국원자력학회 2018 Nuclear Engineering and Technology Vol.50 No.6

The mass attenuation coefficients (m/r) of food waste samples (pomegranate peel, acorn cap, lemon peel,mandarin peel, pumpkin peel, grape peel, orange peel, pineapple peel, acorn peel and grape stalk) havebeen measured employing a Si(Li) detector at 13.92, 17.75, 20.78, 26.34 and 59.54 keV. Also, the theoreticalvalues of the mass attenuation coefficients have been evaluated utilizing mixture rule fromWinXCOM program. The results showed that the lemon peel has the highest values of m/r among theselected samples. From the obtained mass attenuation coefficients, we determined some absorptionparameters such as effective atomic number (Zeff), electron density (NE) and molar extinction coefficient(ε). It was found that the Zeff values of all food wastes lie within the range of 4.034e7.595, whereas the NEof the studied food wastes was found to be in the range of 0.301e1.720 1025 (electrons/g) for presentenergy region.

The Origin of Coercivity Enhancement of Sintered NdFeB Magnets Prepared by Dy Addition

N. J. Yu,M. X. Pan,P. Y. Zhang,H. L. Ge 한국자기학회 2013 Journal of Magnetics Vol.18 No.3

The effect of Dy addition on the microstructure and magnetic properties of the sintered NdFeB magnets was investigated. The results of the microstructure analysis showed that Dy-free and Dy-doped samples are composed of Nd₂Fe ₁₄B (P42/mnm) and a trace of Nd-rich phase. Dy addition reduces significantly the pole density factor of (004), (006) and (008) crystal faces as estimated by the Horta formula. Accordingly, the coercivity of the Dy-doped sample increases from 2038 kA·m?1 up to 2288 kA·m?1. The Hcj(T)/Ms(T) versus /Ms(T) (Kronmuller-plot) behavior shows that the nucleation is the dominating mechanism for the magnetization reversal in these two kinds of magnets, and two microstructural parameters of αk and Neff are obtained. The Kronmuller-Plot gives evidence for an increase of the αk responsible for an increase of the coercivity as the result of the increase of the magnetic field as the magnetic domain reversed.

Modeling and analysis of surface roughness of microchannels produced by µ-WEDM using an ANN and Taguchi method

Rahim Jafari,Müge Kahya,Samad Nadimi Bavil Oliaei,Hakkı Özgür Ünver,Tuba Okutucu Özyurt 대한기계학회 2017 JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Vol.31 No.11

Microchannel heat exchangers are used to remove the high heat fluxes generated in compact electronic devices. The roughness of the microchannels has a significant effect on the heat transfer characteristics, especially the nucleate boiling and pumping power. Therefore, development of predictive models of surface texture is of significant importance in controlling heat transfer characteristics of these devices. In this study, micro-Wire electrical discharge machining (µ-WEDM) was employed to fabricate metal-based microchannel heat sinks with different surface textures. First, experiments were conducted to achieve the desired surface roughness values. Oxygen-free copper is a common material in the cooling systems of electronic devices because of its high thermal conductivity and low cost. Design of experiment approach based on the Taguchi technique was used to find the optimum set of process parameters. An analysis of variance is also performed to determine the significance of process parameters on the surface texture. An artificial neural network model is utilized to assess the variation of the surface roughness with process parameters. The predictions are in very good agreement with results yielding a coefficient of determination of 99.5 %. The results enable to determine µ-WEDM parameters which can result in the desired surface roughness, to have a well-controlled flow and heat transfer characteristics for the microchannels.

Persistent Reaction to Bacitracin after Patch Testing with Thin Layer Rapid Use Epicutaneous Test

( Belkız Uyar ),( Emine Müge Acar ) 대한피부과학회 2020 Annals of Dermatology Vol.32 No.4

Long-lasting allergic patch test reactions (LLAPTR) are reactions that remain positive for two weeks or more after the application of the allergen. LLAPTR of longer than 6 weeks duration is rarely seen. Here we present a 54-year-old female patient who had a positive allergic reaction to bacitracin with the thin layer rapid use epicutaneous test (TRUE test), which lasted for about 11 weeks duration. To our knowledge this is the first reported case of LLAPTR related to the bacitracin. (Ann Dermatol 32(4) 331∼333, 2020)

Impact of Jet-Grouting Pressure on the Strength and Deformation Characteristics of Sandy and Clayey Soils in the Compression Zone

Mutluhan Akin,İsmail Akkaya,Müge K. Akin,Ali Özvan,Yusuf Ak 대한토목학회 2019 KSCE JOURNAL OF CIVIL ENGINEERING Vol.23 No.8

Jet-grouting as a soil improvement method is extensively preferred in today’s civil engineering practice. High-modulus grout columns constructed by extremely high jetting pressures displace the surrounding soil causing a densification in soil particles. Accordingly, the strength as well as the deformation characteristics of subsurface soils are relatively improved across the compression zone which is under the influence of high jetting pressure. In this study, the modification of soil properties in compression zone after jetgrouting in sandy and clayey soils is investigated by standard penetration tests (SPT) and multi-channel analysis of surface waves (MASW) performed at a couple of construction sites along established jet-grout column rows. The in-situ test results point out significant improvement of the measured parameters compared to initial values. The rate of enhancement in the compression zone is higher in sandy strata than that of clayey deposits. The strengthening of soil due to jetting pressure is validated by finite element analyses as well. Furthermore, very low shear strain values are obtained in clayey soils with respect to the improved characteristics of compression zone representing extremely low shear deformation under foundation.

Potential Effect of Vortioxetine on Restless Leg Syndrome

Yasemin Hoşgören Alıcı,Müge Kuzu Kumcu 대한정신약물학회 2023 CLINICAL PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY AND NEUROSCIENCE Vol.21 No.3

Restless legs syndrome (RLS) is a chronic progressive movement disorder characterized by abnormal sensations, especially at rest and at night, as the need and urge to move the lower extremity. It has been reported that RLS severity and frequency increase in patients with anxiety and depression. It has been reported that serotonin-noradrenaline reuptake inhibitors such as venlafaxine and selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors such as citalopram, fluoxetine, paroxetine, and sertraline can cause RLS symptoms. No adverse effects of vortioxetine on RLS have been reported in the literature. In this case series, we report the effect of vortioxetine in patients with RLS with symptoms of depression and anxiety. In this case series, the effect of adding vortioxetine to treatment on RLS symptoms is reported in 7 patients (5 female). After the use of vortioxetine, 5 of 7 patients’ symptoms regressed without the need to start a separate drug for primary movement disorder. In conclusion, we believe that studies should be conducted to investigate the efficacy of vortioxetine in the treatment of RLS. Therefore, randomized controlled studies are needed to determine the effect and safety of vortioxetine on RLS symptoms.