Enhancement of La_0.6Sr_0.4Co_0.2Fe_0.8O_3-δ durability and surface electrocatalytic activity by La_0.85Sr_0.15MnO_3±δ investigated using a new test electrode platform

Lynch, Matthew E.,Yang, Lei,Qin, Wentao,Choi, Jong-Jin,Liu, Mingfei,Blinn, Kevin,Liu, Meilin Royal Society of Chemistry 2011 ENERGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE Vol.4 No.6

<P>A carefully designed test cell platform with a new electrode structure is utilized to determine the intrinsic surface catalytic properties of an electrode. With this design, the electrocatalytic activity and stability of an La<SUB>0.6</SUB>Sr<SUB>0.4</SUB>Co<SUB>0.2</SUB>Fe<SUB>0.8</SUB>O<SUB>3−δ</SUB> (LSCF) cathode is enhanced by a dense thin La<SUB>0.85</SUB>Sr<SUB>0.15</SUB>MnO<SUB>3±δ</SUB> (LSM) coating, suggesting that an efficient electrode architecture has been demonstrated that can make effective use of desirable properties of two different materials: fast ionic and electronic transport in the backbone (LSCF) and facile surface kinetics on the thin-film coating (LSM). Theoretical analyses suggest that the enhanced electrocatalytic activity of LSM-coated LSCF is attributed possibly to surface activation under cathodic polarization due to the promotion of oxygen adsorption and/or dissociation by the surface layer and the dramatically increased oxygen vacancy population in the surface film. Further, the observed time-dependent activation over a few hundreds of hours and durability are likely associated with the formation of a favorable hybrid surface phase intermediate between LSM and LSCF. This efficient electrode architecture was successfully applied to the state-of-the-art LSCF-based cathodes by a simple solution infiltration process, achieving reduced interfacial resistance and improved stability under fuel cell operating conditions.</P> <P>Graphic Abstract</P><P>A La<SUB>0.6</SUB>Sr<SUB>0.4</SUB>Co<SUB>0.2</SUB>Fe<SUB>0.8</SUB>O<SUB>3−δ</SUB> (LSCF) cathode coated with a thin, continuous La<SUB>0.85</SUB>Sr<SUB>0.15</SUB>MnO<SUB>3±δ</SUB> (LSM) layer demonstrated reduced resistance to oxygen reduction reactions while enhancing the stability at intermediate temperatures for SOFC operation. <IMG SRC='http://pubs.rsc.org/services/images/RSCpubs.ePlatform.Service.FreeContent.ImageService.svc/ImageService/image/GA?id=c1ee01188j'> </P>

How English Teachers Will Save the Future: Reimagining Computer Science as the Language Art It Is

Lynch. Tom Liam 영상영어교육학회 2017 영상영어교육 (STEM journal) Vol.18 No.4

In this paper, the author presents an argument for computer science to be taught in English Language Arts (ELA) classes. Rooting his case in the cultural separation of the sciences from the humanities, the author posits that teaching computer science more accurately consists of teaching young people about software. Software, however, is not like traditional technologies. Software is comprised of languages. Framed in a review of recent research in computer science education, literacy and ELA education, and the digital humanities, the author presents illustrations from his research demonstrating what teaching computer science as a language art might look like. In one project, the author works with students to program robots to act out scenes from plays on stage. Called BardBots, the project consists of students analyzing scenes from Shakespeare and then programming robots to perform the scenes on stage. In another example called mixed literary analyses, the author challenges students to use both quantitative and qualitative textual data when writing summative literary analytical essays. Students plot the frequency of keywords on a graph over the course of a play to see what new patters and inquiries about the text emerge. The author concludes with several concrete steps for researchers and practitioners to consider.

단지계획

Lynch, Kevin 대한지방행정공제회 1973 도시문제 Vol.8 No.6

Decentralized energy market-based structural control

Lynch, Jerome Peter,Law, Kincho H. Techno-Press 2004 Structural Engineering and Mechanics, An Int'l Jou Vol.17 No.3

Control systems are used to limit structural lateral deflections during large external loads such as winds and earthquakes. Most recently, the semi-active control approach has grown in popularity due to inexpensive control devices that consume little power. As a result, recently designed control systems have employed many semi-active control devices for the control of a structure. In the future, it is envisioned that structural control systems will be large-scale systems defined by high actuation and sensor densities. Decentralized control approaches have been used to control large-scale systems that are too complex for a traditional centralized approach, such as linear quadratic regulation (LQR). This paper describes the derivation of energy market-based control (EMBC), a decentralized approach that models the structural control system as a competitive marketplace. The interaction of free-market buyers and sellers result in an optimal allocation of limited control system resources such as control energy. The Kajima-Shizuoka Building and a 20-story benchmark structure are selected as illustrative examples to be used for comparison of the EMBC and centralized LQR approaches.

Embedment of structural monitoring algorithms in a wireless sensing unit

Lynch, Jerome Peter,Sundararajan, Arvind,Law, Kincho H.,Kiremidjian, Anne S.,Kenny, Thomas,Carryer, Ed Techno-Press 2003 Structural Engineering and Mechanics, An Int'l Jou Vol.15 No.3

Complementing recent advances made in the field of structural health monitoring and damage detection, the concept of a wireless sensing network with distributed computational power is proposed. The fundamental building block of the proposed sensing network is a wireless sensing unit capable of acquiring measurement data, interrogating the data and transmitting the data in real time. The computational core of a prototype wireless sensing unit can potentially be utilized for execution of embedded engineering analyses such as damage detection and system identification. To illustrate the computational capabilities of the proposed wireless sensing unit, the fast Fourier transform and auto-regressive time-series modeling are locally executed by the unit. Fast Fourier transforms and auto-regressive models are two important techniques that have been previously used for the identification of damage in structural systems. Their embedment illustrates the computational capabilities of the prototype wireless sensing unit and suggests strong potential for unit installation in automated structural health monitoring systems.

Design and performance validation of a wireless sensing unit for structural monitoring applications

Lynch, Jerome Peter,Law, Kincho H.,Kiremidjian, Anne S.,Carryer, Ed,Farrar, Charles R.,Sohn, Hoon,Allen, David W.,Nadler, Brett,Wait, Jeannette R. Techno-Press 2004 Structural Engineering and Mechanics, An Int'l Jou Vol.17 No.3

There exists a clear need to monitor the performance of civil structures over their operational lives. Current commercial monitoring systems suffer from various technological and economic limitations that prevent their widespread adoption. The wires used to route measurements from system sensors to the centralized data server represent one of the greatest limitations since they are physically vulnerable and expensive from an installation and maintenance standpoint. In lieu of cables, the introduction of low-cost wireless communications is proposed. The result is the design of a prototype wireless sensing unit that can serve as the fundamental building block of wireless modular monitoring systems (WiMMS). An additional feature of the wireless sensing unit is the incorporation of computational power in the form of state-of-art microcontrollers. The prototype unit is validated with a series of laboratory and field tests. The Alamosa Canyon Bridge is employed to serve as a full-scale benchmark structure to validate the performance of the wireless sensing unit in the field. A traditional cable-based monitoring system is installed in parallel with the wireless sensing units for performance comparison.

Killing Work : A Question of Labor in Lord Jim

Lynch, Andrew 한국현대영미소설학회 1998 현대영미소설 Vol.5 No.1

The Influence of Preoperative Narcotic Consumption on Patient-Reported Outcomes of Lumbar Decompression

Lynch Conor P.,Cha Elliot D. K.,Mohan Shruthi,Geoghegan Cara E.,Jadczak Caroline N.,Singh Kern 대한척추외과학회 2022 Asian Spine Journal Vol.16 No.2

Study Design: Retrospective cohort. Purpose: This study aimed to assess the relationship between preoperative narcotic consumption and patient-reported outcomes (PRO) in patients undergoing minimally invasive (MIS) lumbar decompression (LD). Overview of Literature: Previous studies report negative effects of narcotic consumption on perioperative outcomes and recovery; however, its impact on quality of life and surgical outcomes is not fully understood. Methods: A surgical database was retrospectively reviewed for patients undergoing primary, single-level MIS LD from 2013 to 2020. Patients lacking preoperative narcotic consumption data were excluded. Demographics, spinal pathologies, and operative characteristics were collected. Patients were grouped based on preoperative narcotic consumption. Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9), Visual Analog Scale (VAS) for back and leg, Oswestry Disability Index (ODI), 12-item Short Form Physical Component Summary, and Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System physical function (PROMIS-PF) were collected preoperatively and postoperatively. Preestablished values were used to calculate achievement of minimum clinically important difference (MCID). Differences in mean PROs and MCID achievement between groups were evaluated. Results: The cohort was 453 patients; 184 used preoperative narcotics and 269 did not. Significant differences were found in American Society of Anesthesiologists classification, ethnicity, insurance type, and estimated blood loss between groups. Significant differences were also found in preoperative PHQ-9, VAS leg, ODI, and PROMIS-PF between groups (all p<0.05). Mean postoperative PROs did not differ by group (p>0.05). A higher rate of MCID achievement was associated with the narcotic group for PHQ-9 and PROMIS-PF at 6 weeks (both p≤0.050), VAS leg at 1 year (p=0.009), and overall for ODI and PHQ-9 (both p≤0.050). Conclusions: Preoperative narcotic consumption was associated with worse preoperative depression, leg pain, disability, and physical function. In patients consuming preoperative narcotics, a higher proportion achieved an overall MCID for disability and depressive symptoms. Patients taking preoperative narcotic medications may report significantly worse preoperative PROs but demonstrate greater improvements in postoperative disability and mental health.

The era of mental health: a new health para-digm in Europe

Lucy Lynch 국제뇌교육협회 2018 IBREA Report Vol.11 No.-

RetroCam

John Lynch 한국디자인학회 2014 한국디자인학회 국제초대전도록 Vol.2014 No.5