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Antioxidant Effects of Garlic in Young and Aged Rat Brain In Vitro
Luigi Brunetti,Luigi Menghini,Giustino Orlando,Lucia Recinella,Sheila Leone,Francesco Epifano,Francesco Lazzarin,Annalisa Chiavaroli,Claudio Ferrante,Michele Vacca 한국식품영양과학회 2009 Journal of medicinal food Vol.12 No.5
Oxidative stress plays a key role in the pathogenesis of age-related neurodegeneration, and the nonenzymatic production of 8-iso-prostaglandin F2α (8-iso-PGF2α) may represent a reliable index of cellular oxidative damage. Garlic (Allium sativum) has been associated with peripheral antioxidant activities and therefore might prevent or reverse 8-iso-PGF2α production, but scant data are available on its possible neuroprotective effects. Therefore, we have studied the possible antioxidant effects of a garlic extract in rat brain synaptosomes obtained from young (3-month-old) and aged (14-month-old) male Wistar rats that were perfused, in vitro, with graded concentrations of a garlic extract (10–500μg/mL). Release in the effluent was evaluated, both in the basal state and after hydrogen peroxide-induced oxidative stress. In young rats, we observed a concentration-dependent inhibitory effect of the garlic extract on brain 8-iso-PGF2α production, both basally and after hydrogen peroxide-induced oxidative stimulus. In aged rats, 8-iso-PGF2α production was not affected by the garlic extract in the basal state, whereas, after hydrogen peroxide-induced oxidative stimulus, an antioxidant effect of the garlic extract appeared only at the higher concentration tested. In conclusion, garlic supplementation could be effective in preventing brain oxidative damage in young animals, whereas the aging brain seems to be resistant to the antioxidant effects of garlic, in vitro.
Optimum shape and length of laterally loaded piles
Luigi Fenu,Bruno Briseghella,Giuseppe Carlo Marano 국제구조공학회 2018 Structural Engineering and Mechanics, An Int'l Jou Vol.68 No.1
This study deals with optimum geometry design of laterally loaded piles in a Winkler’s medium through the Fully Stressed Design (FSD) method. A numerical algorithm distributing the mass by means of the FSD method and updating the moment by finite elements is implemented. The FSD method is implemented here using a simple procedure to optimise the beam length using an approach based on the calculus of variations. For this aim two conditions are imposed, one transversality condition at the bottom end, and a one sided constraint for moment and mass distribution in the lower part of the beam. With this approach we derive a simple condition to optimise the beam length. Some examples referred to different fields are reported. In particular, the case of laterally loaded piles in Geotechnics is faced.
Luigi Petramala,D’Elia Lorenzo,Gino Iannucci,Antonio Concistré,Laura Zinnamosca,Cristiano Marinelli,Giuseppe De Vincentis,Antonio Ciardi,Giorgio De Toma,Claudio Letizia 대한내분비학회 2015 Endocrinology and metabolism Vol.30 No.4
Background: Cushing syndrome (CS) has been described as a killing disease due its cardiovascular complications. In fact, chronic cortisol excess leads to a constellation of complications, including hypertension, hyperglycemia, adiposity, and thromboembolism. The main vascular alteration associated with CS is atherosclerosis. Methods: Aim of this study was to analyze carotid intima-media thickness (cIMT) and ankle-brachial index (ABI), two surrogate markers of subclinical atherosclerosis in a consecutive series of CS patients, compared to patients with essential hypertension (EH) and health subjects (HS). Results: Patients with CS showed a significant increase (P<0.05) of cIMT (0.89±0.17 mm) compared to EH (0.81±0.16 mm) and HS (0.75±0.4 mm), with a high prevalence of plaque (23%; P<0.03). Moreover, CS patients showed a mean ABI values (1.07±0.02) significantly lower respect to HS (1.12±0.11; P<0.05), and a higher percentage (20%) of pathological values of ABI (≤0.9; P<0.03). Conclusion: In conclusion, we confirmed and extended the data of cIMT in CS, and showed that the ABI represent another surrogate marker of subclinical atherosclerosis in this disease.
Luigi Di Sarno,George Karagiannakis 한국강구조학회 2020 International Journal of Steel Structures Vol.20 No.1
The investigation of the seismic integrity of petrochemical plant steel structures should be commensurable to their importance given the high necessity for human life safety and fi nancial robustness. To date, it is demonstrated in the existing literature that still many grey areas of knowledge exist upon the appropriate application of code provisions on non-building structures design. Indeed, the selection of seismic design parameters such as system performance factors or important classes are still vague aspects, in contrast with those for common building structures, either because of the paucity of information of seismic codes or due to the structural peculiarities that characterise the industrial structures resulting in the diffi culty of defi ning ‘all-encompassing’ design parameters. The present paper aims at highlighting those parameters considering also a case-study that pertains to a steel pipe rack. The pipe rack is designed and analysed in the linear and nonlinear regime, both statically and dynamically, according to the Italian and European codes. American code provisions are examined as well so as possible inconsistencies might be found. It is demonstrated that the common nonlinear static analysis (pushover analysis) cannot be used to assess the response of the rack and the behaviour factor selection from current standards could be unjustifi able. Also, common engineering demand parameters, e.g. interstorey drift ratio, need further assessment vis-à-vis the response of nonstructural components of which the current design method does not comply with modern methods.
Luigi Gallo,Stefano Pecoraro,Pasquale Sarnacchiaro 대한비뇨의학회 2022 Investigative and Clinical Urology Vol.63 No.1
Purpose: To investigate a therapeutic protocol for erectile dysfunction (ED) based on the combination of low-intensity extracorporeal shock wave therapy (Li-ESWT), tadalafil, and L-arginine. Materials and Methods: Recruited patients completed the International Index of Erectile Function erectile function domain (IIEF-EF) and the Erection Hardness Score (EHS) questionnaires at baseline and were randomly assigned in two groups: A (treatment group) and B (control group). Men in both groups received six weekly applications of Li-ESWT. Group A was prescribed adjuvant oral therapy with tadalafil 5 mg and L-arginine 2,500 mg. Follow-up visits were scheduled 1, 6, and 12 months after the last Li-ESWT application. At each follow-up visit, the IIEF-EF and EHS questionnaires were administered again. The main outcome measures were the changes from baseline to every follow-up visit in IIEF-EF and EHS scores. Results: The mean IIEF-EF score in group A was 16.0±4.0, 24.8±3.4, 23.3±4.6, and 21.6±5.5 at baseline, 1, 6, and 12 months of follow-up, respectively, whereas in group B the mean IIEF-EF score was 16.5±4.1, 22.7±4.2, 21.5±4.5, and 19.5±4.9, respectively. We reported an increase in the mean EHS score in group A from 2.07±0.72 at baseline to 3.39±0.59, 3.17±0.67, and 2.98±0.72 at 1, 6, and 12 months, respectively, and in group B from 2.12±0.80 at baseline to 3.07±0.78 and 2.95±0.76 at 1 and 6 months, respectively. Conclusions: Adjuvant daily therapy with L-arginine 2,500 mg and tadalafil 5 mg was safe and effective in increasing the efficacy and the duration of benefits of Li-ESWT.