http://chineseinput.net/에서 pinyin(병음)방식으로 중국어를 변환할 수 있습니다.
변환된 중국어를 복사하여 사용하시면 됩니다.
Bacterial endophytes from ginseng and their biotechnological application
Luan Luong Chu,Hanhong Bae 고려인삼학회 2022 Journal of Ginseng Research Vol.46 No.1
Ginseng has been well-known as a medicinal plant for thousands of years. Bacterial endophytes ubiquitously colonize the inside tissues of ginseng without any disease symptoms. The identification of bacterial endophytes is conducted through either the internal transcribed spacer region combined with ribosomal sequences or metagenomics. Bacterial endophyte communities differ in their diversity and composition profile, depending on the geographical location, cultivation condition, and tissue, age, and species of ginseng. Bacterial endophytes have a significant effect on the growth of ginseng through indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) and siderophore production, phosphate solubilization, and nitrogen fixation. Moreover, bacterial endophytes can protect ginseng by acting as biocontrol agents. Interestingly, bacterial endophytes isolated from Panax species have the potential to produce ginsenosides and bioactive metabolites, which can be used in the production of food and medicine. The ability of bacterial endophytes to transform major ginsenosides into minor ginsenosides using b-glucosidase is gaining increasing attention as a promising biotechnology. Recently, metabolic engineering has accelerated the possibilities for potential applications of bacterial endophytes in producing beneficial secondary metabolites.
( Luan Fengshi ) 한국고대학회 2013 先史와 古代 Vol.38 No.-
황하와 회하 하류의 해대 지구는 중국 신석기시대부터 조기 청동기시대에 이르는 기간 동안의 몇 개 주요한 문화 구계 가운데 하나였다. 이 구역의 고고문화는 조기부터 만기에 이르기까지 편편동 유물복합, 후리문화, 북신문화, 대문구문화, 용산문화, 악석문화와진 주문문화(상주문화)의 순서로 변모되었다. 지금으로부터 4,000~5,000년 전의 용산시대 는 이 지구에 초기국가가 탄생하는 중요한 시기에 해당한다. 조와 도작농업과 도기 제작으로 대표되는 수공업이 용산문화 시기에 큰 발전을 이루었고, 이것이 초기국가 탄생의 물질적 기초를 이루었다. 용산문화 시기의 취락과 고분 자료를 통해서 볼 때, 일반적으로 하나의 취락 내부에 4등급의 취락 구조가 존재하고 있었는데, 이는 핵심가정, 대가정, 가족, 종족 등의 사회조직과 대응된다. 구역 내 취락 형태를 통해 용산문화 시기에 이미 규모가 상이한 취락군이 출현하였음을 알 수 있는데, 일반취락군의 내부에는 대형, 중형, 소형 취락이 피라미드 구조를 이루고 있었다. 게다가 약간의 특정 구역에는 특대형, 대형, 중형, 소형의 4등급의 취락 형태가 형성되어 있기도 하였다. 이들 3등급과 4등급의 구조를 갖추고 있는 취락군 내에는 대개 1개의 대형 성지취락이 중심을 이루고 있으면서 그 아래에 수량이 일정하지 않은 중형과 소형 취락을 통할하고 있었는데, 이는 중국 고대 문헌 기록에 언급되어 있는 전형적인 "도, 읍, 취"의 사회 구조에 부합된다. The Haidai Region, located in the lower Yellow River and Huai River, is one of the main cultural regions in China covering from the Neolithic to Early Bronze Age. Bianbiandong remains, Houli, Beixin, Dawenkou, Longshan, Yueshi, and Zhenzhumen (Shang and Zhou Periods) are the archaeological cultures developed in this area. Among them, the Longshan Period is the crucial stage to develop the early states since the foundations for early civilization, such as the cultivations of millet and rice, and handicraft in making delicate pottery, both experienced tremendous advances in this period. According to the house remains and burials, four-level house structure is believed to exist with in a single settlement, which reflects nuclear family, extended family, kinship, and clan respectively in social context. Beyond this, the LongshanCulture also witnessed the development of settlement clusters, most of which consisted of big, medium, and small settlements. In some special area, even four different levels of settlement, namely huge, big, medium, and small, evolved in this period. Among those three or four level structures, a big city settlement was centered by dozens of medium and small settlements, which accorded with the structure of ``City, Town, and Settlement`` described by Chinese ancient documents.
Energy Efficiency Assessment in Plunge-Face Grinding of Cemented Tungsten Carbide Cutting Inserts
Luan Carreira,Amauri Hassui,Carlos Ventura 한국정밀공학회 2023 International Journal of Precision Engineering and Vol.10 No.6
Due to the high demand for electricity in the manufacturing industry and the efforts to reduce environmental impact, investigations to increase energy efficiency in machining processes have been increasingly carried out. However, information on the behavior of insert grinding process is rarely found. Within this context, this work presents results related to the influence of grinding parameters and abrasive tool characteristics on the energy efficiency during plunge-face grinding of cemented tungsten carbide cutting inserts. For this, grinding forces and consumed electrical energy were measured during the process and sustainability indexes to analyze the relation between insert quality (surface and edge roughness) and consumed energy were calculated in different process conditions. As a result, it was observed that grinding parameters had little influence on insert quality, but an increase in the axial feed speed reduced the consumed energy in approximately 60%, leading to sustainability indexes next to one, i.e., to a greater equilibrium between energy consumption and quality properties.
Overview of Environmental Issues in China
Luan, Sheng Ji 대한원격탐사학회 2000 International Symposium on Remote Sensing Vol.16 No.1
This report assesses several environmental problems in which environmental pollution plays a major role in China. The focus of this report is on the delivery of information on pressures, state and impact. Furthermore the trends in the main driving forces are described influencing the state of the environment. For each problem, the DPSIR approach is followed in this report.
Luan, Yange,Zhang, Shaolin,Nguyen, Thuy Hang,Yang, Woochul,Noh, Jin-Seo Elsevier 2018 Sensors and actuators. B Chemical Vol.265 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Unlike the stretchable physical sensors such as stretchable pressure sensors, strain sensors, and temperature sensors, few works have been reported on the stretchable gas sensors. This study presents that stretchable gas sensors can be fabricated by decorating reduced graphene oxide/silver nanowires (rGO/AgNWs) hybrids on the porous polyurethane (PU) sponges using a facile dip-coating method. The sensors show good room-temperature responses to NO<SUB>2</SUB> gas under both a bending strain (r = 3 mm) and a large tensile strain up to 60%. The response of about −15% is measured at a 50 ppm of NO<SUB>2</SUB> under a 60% strain. Furthermore, reducing gases like acetone and ethanol can also be detected under the large strains. The results of this study offer a new insight into realization of highly stretchable and easy-to-fabricate gas sensors.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Highly stretchable gas sensors are fabricated by the dip-coating method. </LI> <LI> The electrical properties of the sensors can be easily tuned. </LI> <LI> The sensors can detect an oxidizing gas, NO<SUB>2</SUB>, and reducing gases, acetone and ethanol. </LI> <LI> The stretchable gas sensors work stably even under large strains up to 60%. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>
Application of Independent Finance Certification Agency in the Decision Process of Vendor Selection
Luan Chunxiao 보안공학연구지원센터 2015 International Journal of u- and e- Service, Scienc Vol.8 No.5
This paper introduces independent finance certification agency to supervise the vendor selection process under the circumstance of the dynamic and incomplete information market. Using the signaling theory under unsymmetric information of game theory, a multidimension signaling model of the strategic choice is established. The game model is set up and the equilibrium calculated out following the description of the key elements of the buyer and vendor in above market. Upon separating equilibrium, the provider dispatches the signal stands for his actual category to maintain the performance of the market. Upon pool equilibrium, the inefficient provider rather than efficient one occupies the core position which results in loss of the latter. Case result shows that the buyer can adopt the signals from the Independent finance certification agency as a significant element when making decision. As a result the introduction of independent finance certification agency can effectively and efficiently supervise the vendor selection process in incomplete information market.