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Predication of Meaning of Bisyllabic Chinese Compound Words Using Back Propagation Neural Network
( Lua Kim Teng ) 한국언어정보학회 1995 국제 워크샵 Vol.1995 No.-
A three layer back propagation neural net is set up to study the functional dependency between the semantic class of a bisyllabic Chinese word and that of its two constituent Chinese characters. Simulations were performed using a three-layer back-propagation neural net with various combination of inputs. The inputs are (1) semantic classes of the constituent characters, (2) Entropy of the characters and (3) semantic strength! 1 ] of the characters. Our simulations show that we can obtain the meaning class of a bisyllabic word from the meaning classes of its two constituent characters to an accuracy of 81% by taking the semantic classes and semantic strength of the characters as input. This research establishes the dependency between the meaning class of a Chinese compound word and that of its two constituent characters.
Experimental study on cyclic behavior of reinforced concrete parallel redundancy walls
Lua, Yiqiu,Huang, Liang Techno-Press 2014 Structural Engineering and Mechanics, An Int'l Jou Vol.52 No.6
Reinforced concrete (RC) shear walls are one of the most commonly used lateral-load resisting systems in high-rise buildings. RC Parallel redundancy walls studied herein consist of two parts nested to each other. These two parts have different mechanical behaviors and energy dissipation mechanisms. In this paper, experimental studies of four 1/2-scale specimens representing this concept, which are subjected to in-plane cyclic loading, are presented and test results are discussed. Two specimens consist of a wall frame with barbell-shaped walls embedded in it, and the other two consist of a wall frame and braced walls nested each other. The research mainly focuses on the failure mechanism, strength, hysteresis loop, energy dissipation capacity and stiffness of these walls. Results show that the RC parallel redundancy wall is an efficient lateral load resisting component that acts as a "dual" system with good ductility and energy dissipation capacity. One main part absorbs a greater degree of the energy exerted by an earthquake and fails first, whereas the other part can still behave as an independent role in bearing loads after earthquakes.
The interdependence between China and the United States: a two-Level analysis
Chun Long Lua,Min Xia 한국국방연구원 2010 The Korean Journal of Defense Analysis Vol.22 No.3
This paper constructs a two-level model to explain China-U.S. relations. We find that at the state level, the interdependence between China and the United States, which comes from their bilateral trade and foreign direct investment, is asymmetric. Such asymmetric interdependence favors the United States in pushing the Chinese government to make concessions when they have conflicts. However, at the society level, China can penetrate into American society to intervene or influence American foreign policymaking. In this paper, it is argued that the outcome of China-U.S. relations is determined not only by the asymmetric interdependence at the state level or societal penetration respectively, but also by the interaction of these two factors in the process. Finally, the new development of China-U.S. relations since the inauguration of the Obama administration is also examined.
Cyclic load experiment study on the laminated composite RC walls with different concrete ages
Zhang, Hongmei,Lua, Xilin,Li, Jianbao,Liang, Lin Techno-Press 2010 Structural Engineering and Mechanics, An Int'l Jou Vol.36 No.6
12 typical laminated composite reinforced concrete (RC) walls with different concrete ages and 3 cast-in-place RC walls subjected to low frequency cyclic load were carried out in this study. The failure mode, force-deformation response and energy dissipation capacity of these specimens were investigated. Differences of structural behaviours between composite RC walls and common cast-in-place RC walls were emphasized in the analysis. The compatibility of the composite specimens with different concrete ages was discussed based on the experiment. Test results indicated that the differences between the lateral bearing capacity and the displacement ductility of the composite walls and the common walls were not so obvious. Some of the composite specimen even has higher bearing capacity under the experiment loading situation. Besides, the two parts of the laminated composite specimens demonstrates incompatibility at the later loading sequence on failure mode and strain response when it is in tension. Finally, this laminated composite shear walls are suggested to be applied in rapid reconstruction structures which is not very high.
MI-Trigger-based Language Modeling
( Guodong Zhou ),( Kimteng Lua ) 한국언어정보학회 1998 국제 워크샵 Vol.1998 No.-
This paper proposes a new MI0Trigger-based modeling approach to capture the preferred relationships between words over a short or long distance. It is implemented by the concept of trigger pair, which is selected by average mutual information and measured by mutual information. Both the distance-independent(DI) and distance-dependent(DD) MI-Trigger-based models are constructed within a window of a size from 1 to 10. It is found that the DD MI-trigger models have better performance than the DI MI-trigger models for the same window size and it is better to model the preferred relationships in a distance-dependent way. It is also found that the number of the trigger pairs in an MI-rigger model can be kept to a reasonable size without Iosing too much of its modeling power. Finally, it is concluded that the preferred relationships between words are useful to language disambiguation and can be modeled efficiently by the MI-Trigger-based modeling approach.
Column-loss response of RC beam-column sub-assemblages with different bar-cutoff patterns
Tsai, Meng-Hao,Lua, Jun-Kai,Huang, Bo-Hong Techno-Press 2014 Structural Engineering and Mechanics, An Int'l Jou Vol.49 No.6
Static loading tests were carried out in this study to investigate the effect of bar cutoff on the resistance of RC beam-column sub-assemblages under column loss. Two specimens were designed with continuous main reinforcement. Four others were designed with different types of bar cutoff in the mid-span and/or the beam-end regions. Compressive arch and tensile catenary responses of the specimens under gravitational loading were compared. Test results indicated that those specimens with approximately equal moment strength at the beam ends had similar peak loading resistance in the compressive arch phase but varied resistance degradation in the transition phase because of bar cutoff. The compressive bars terminated at one-third span could help to mitigate the degradation although they had minor contribution to the catenary action. Among those cutoff patterns, the K-type cutoff presented the best strength enhancement. It revealed that it is better to extend the steel bars beyond the mid-span before cutoff for the two-span beams bridging over a column vulnerable to sudden failure. For general cutoff patterns dominated by gravitational and seismic designs, they may be appropriately modified to minimize the influence of bar cutoff on the progressive collapse resistance.
Nonlinear Observer-based Active Control of Ground Vehicles with Non Negligible Roll Dynamics
Riccardo Cespi,Cuauhtemoc Acosta Lua,Bernardino Castillo-Toledo,Stefano Di Gennaro 제어·로봇·시스템학회 2016 International Journal of Control, Automation, and Vol.14 No.3
In this paper we present an observer–based nonlinear controller for lateral and yaw velocity, for a vehiclein which the roll dynamics can not be neglected. The observer estimates the lateral velocity, and the roll positionand velocity. This technique is based on measurements of the longitudinal and lateral accelerations, longitudinalvelocity, yaw rate and steer angle, usually available in modern vehicles. The nonlinear observer ensures exponentialconvergence of the estimations. The test maneuvers, obtained with the full–vehicle CarSim model under differentroad adhesion conditions, have been used to check the controller performance, as well as its robustness with respectto parameter variations.