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Linga Reddy, E.,Lee, H.C.,Kim, D.H. Pergamon Press ; Elsevier Science Ltd 2015 International journal of hydrogen energy Vol.40 No.6
Steam reforming of methanol (SRM) was investigated over a series of porous structured Cu-Zn/γ-Al<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>3</SUB>/Al catalysts. The porous γ-Al<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>3</SUB> layer was synthesized on the Al substrate through anodic oxidation in an oxalic acid solution. Cu and Zn in different molar concentrations were loaded using electroless deposition over the prepared γ-alumina support. The synthesized catalysts were characterized using the BET, XRD, SEM, and energy dispersive X-ray analysis. The Cu metal surface area was measured by the selective chemisorption of nitrous oxide. The obtained γ-Al<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>3</SUB>/Al (AAO) had a specific surface area of 27 m<SUP>2</SUP>/g, and it was observed that the Al<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>3</SUB> layer contained well-developed nanopores (~60 nm), making it ideal for use as a catalyst support. The results showed that the BET surface area of the catalyst linearly decreased with the Cu-Zn loading. The Cu metal surface area increased with increasing copper concentration in the deposition bath solution. A fixed tubular reactor was designed and fabricated to evaluate the catalytic activity of the Cu-Zn/AAO catalysts for SRM. Among the catalysts, Cu<SUB>(0.06)</SUB>Zn<SUB>(0.06)</SUB>/AAO showed 78% MeOH conversion at 350 <SUP>o</SUP>C. MeOH conversion linearly increased with increasing electroless deposition time from 0.5 to 10 min and appeared to plateau thereafter, indicating that 10 min was the optimal loading time.
Linga Venkateswar Rao,Cherukuri Pavana Jyothi,Reddy Shetty Prakasham,Chaganti Subba Rao,Ponnupalli Nageshwara Sarma,Ravella Sreenivas Rao 한국미생물학회 2006 The journal of microbiology Vol.44 No.1
Candida tropicalis was treated with ultraviolet (UV) rays, and the mutants obtained were screened for xylitol production. One of the mutants, the UV1 produced 0.81g of xylitol per gram of xylose. This was further mutated with N-methyl-N’-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine (MNNG), and the mutants obtained were screened for xylitol production. One of the mutants (CT-OMV5) produced 0.85g/g of xylitol from xylose. Xylitol production improved to 0.87 g/g of xylose with this strain when the production medium was supplemented with urea. The CT-OMV5 mutant strain differs by 12 tests when compared to the wild-type Candida tropicalis strain. The XR activity was higher in mutant CT-OMV5. The distinct difference between the mutant and wild-type strain is the presence of numerous chlamydospores in the mutant. In this investigation, we have demonstrated that mutagenesis was successful in generating a superior xylitol-producing strain, CT-OMV5, and uncovered distinctive biochemical and physiological characteristics of the wild-type and mutant strain, CT-OMV5.
Comparison of CuO-MOx (M=Ce, Zn, Cr and Zr) catalysts in various water-gas shift reactions
Enakonda Linga Reddy,김동현,김상윤,Mamilla Jhansi Lakshmi Kishore,이현찬 한국화학공학회 2014 Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol.31 No.9
The water-gas shift (WGS) reaction in the temperature range of 100-350 oC for various feed composi-tions simulating forward, reverse and real WGS conditions was studied for a series of coprecipitated mixed metal oxidecatalysts of 30 wt% of CuO and 70 wt% of metal oxide (CeO2, ZnO, Cr2O3, and ZrO2) as well as for a commercialWGS catalyst (ICI 83-3). The catalysts were characterized using BET, XRD, H2-TPR and N2O dissociation studies. Among the tested catalysts, CuO-Cr2O3 showed the best activity in the forward WGS, while the commercial catalystwas the best catalyst in the real and reverse WGS reactions. The effect of Cu content in the catalyst was also studiedand, in the case of the real WGS, 50 wt% CuO-Cr2O3 was more active than 30 wt% CuO-Cr2O3. H2 and CO2 were foundto inhibit the forward WGS, decreasing the reaction rate substantially, particularly at temperatures below 200 oC. Theinhibition effect varied depending on the tested catalyst and increased with increasing H2 or CO2 concentration. Asthe inhibition effect was reversible, the competitive adsorption of H2 or CO2 on the active sites has been suggested tobe responsible for the effect. The high activity of the commercial catalyst in the H2 rich real WGS could be describedby the difference in the H2 inhibition between the catalysts. An easily reducible copper species was found in CuO-Cr2O3and could be attributed to the high activity in the forward WGS.
Mechanism of methane hydrate formation in the presence of hollow silica
Praveen Linga,Hari Prakash Veluswamy,Pinnelli Seetha Rama Prasad 한국화학공학회 2016 Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol.33 No.7
Methane hydrates are studied extensively as a prospective medium for storing and transporting natural gas due to their inherent advantages, including high volumetric energy storage density, being environmentally benign and extremely safe method compared to conventional compression and liquefaction methods. Enhanced formation kinetics of methane hydrates has been reported in hollow silica due to the increased gas/liquid contact surface area available for efficient conversion of water to hydrates. This work elucidates the mechanism of methane hydrate formation in light weight hollow silica. Hollow silica-to-water ratio was varied and its effect on the methane hydrate formation/dissociation morphology was observed. There exists a critical hollow silica-to-water ratio (1 : 6) beyond which the hydrates preferentially crystallize on the top of the bed by drawing water from the interstitial pores, whereas below this ratio the hydrate formation occurs within the bed between inter-particular spaces of hollow silica. Due to the very low bulk density, a small fraction of hollow silica was observed to be displaced from the bed during the hydrate formation above the critical hollow silica to water ratio.
Fashion Blogging and Personal Style Bloggers
Shweta Linga Reddy 한국복식학회 2013 International journal of costume and fashion Vol.13 No.1
This study examines existing literature and uses case studies to identify the scope of fashion blogging and the evolving role of the personal style bloggers in the fashion business. Information on six popular personal style bloggers has been gathered to demonstrate the evolving business of these bloggers and their scope of operations that are relevant to fashion, The case of these six bloggers were drawn from popular media publications such us CNN. Wall Street Journal (WSJ). Time. Women `s Wear Daily (WWD) and The New York Times. The case study of these six bloggers reveals that these personal style bloggers have used their reach and influence on the blog audience to procure and access business op-portunities to grow their enterprise. The findings indicate that affiliation, partnership or collaboration with brands or established designers adds more value to a personal style bloggers resume. However, the findings also indicate that the popular fashion bloggers provide a new opportuniti for marketing and promoting fashion brands and products to the younger generation.
Fashion Blogging and Personal Style Bloggers: The Evolving Enterprise
Reddy, Shweta Linga The Korean Society of Costume 2013 International journal of costume and fashion Vol.13 No.1
This study examines existing literature and uses case studies to identify the scope of fashion blogging and the evolving role of the personal style bloggers in the fashion business. Information on six popular personal style bloggers has been gathered to demonstrate the evolving business of these bloggers and their scope of operations that are relevant to fashion. The case of these six bloggers were drawn from popular media publications such as CNN, Wall Street Journal (WSJ), Time, Women's Wear Daily (WWD) and The New York Times. The case study of these six bloggers reveals that these personal style bloggers have used their reach and influence on the blog audience to procure and access business opportunities to grow their enterprise. The findings indicate that affiliation, partnership or collaboration with brands or established designers adds more value to a personal style bloggers resume. However, the findings also indicate that the popular fashion bloggers provide a new opportunity for marketing and promoting fashion brands and products to the younger generation.
Kim, Hyunho,Veluswamy, Hari Prakash,Seo, Yutaek,Linga, Praveen The American Chemical Society 2018 CRYSTAL GROWTH AND DESIGN Vol.18 No.11
<P>In this study, we investigate the morphology of methane hydrate formation and growth in the presence of well-known thermodynamic inhibitors, monoethylene glycol (MEG) and methanol (MeOH) in a quiescent system. Morphology changes observed during the growth of methane hydrate while employing 5 wt % MEG and MeOH solutions in the presence and absence of NaCl are presented. When 5 wt % of MEG or MeOH was present in an aqueous solution individually, hydrate grew predominantly within the bulk solution featuring a “ridge”-shaped formation above the interface. In the presence of 3.5 wt % NaCl, an enhanced inhibition was observed for methane hydrates formed from 5 wt % MEG solution with limited hydrate growth in the bulk solution and above the gas-liquid interface. In contrast, 5 wt % MeOH solution in the presence of 3.5 wt % NaCl resulted in an increased hydrate growth in bulk (compared to the system without NaCl) and on the reactor wall above the gas-liquid interface, implying a weak promotion rather than the inhibition. Further, the effect of subcooling (Δ<I>T</I>) on the morphology of methane hydrates in the presence of MeOH/NaCl and MEG/NaCl was examined.</P><P>Morphology of methane hydrate formation observed in the presence of the well-known thermodynamic inhibitors, monoethylene glycol and methanol, individually (at 5 wt % concentration) and along with the presence of 3.5 wt % NaCl at the end of 24 h from nucleation in a quiescent system is presented.</P> [FIG OMISSION]</BR>