二十四史의 名稱에 對한 試解

楊聯陞 충남대학교 사학회 1987 忠南史學 Vol.2 No.-

Additions to the Knowledge of the Genus Phimenes (Hymenoptera: Vespidae: Eumeninae) from Vietnam

Lien Thi Phuong Nguyen,Dac Dai Nguyen,James M. Carpenter 한국동물분류학회 2016 Animal Systematics, Evolution and Diversity Vol.32 No.1

The solitary wasp genus Phimenes Giordani Soika, 1992 (Hymenoptera: Vespidae: Eumeninae) was reported to occur in Vietnam by van der Vecht (1959), represented by one taxon, Phimenes flavopictus continentalis (Zimmermann), which was synonymized under nominotypical Phimenes flavopictus (Blanchard, 1849) by Kumar (2013). A note on gender of this genus is made in the text. One more species, Phimenes indosinensis (van der Vecht, 1959) is recorded in this study from Dak Lak in the southern and Son La in the northwestern parts of Vietnam for the first time. Detailed descriptions of the female and male of the latter are provided with figures. A key to the two species from Vietnam is also provided.

Taxonomic Notes on the Genus Delta de Saussure (Hymenoptera: Vespidae: Eumeninae) from Vietnam

Lien Thi Phuong Nguyen 한국동물분류학회 2015 Animal Systematics, Evolution and Diversity Vol.31 No.2

A taxonomic study of the genus Delta de Saussure, 1855 from Vietnam is presented. A total of four species are recorded: D. campaniforme campaniforme (Fabricius, 1775), D. conoideum (Gmelin, 1790), D. esuriens esuriens (Fabricius, 1787), and D. pyriforme pyriforme (Fabricius, 1775). Of these, D. campaniforme campaniforme was first recorded from Vietnam by de Saussure et al., 1904, under the name Eumenes esuriens and is now reconfirmed to occur in Vietnam after more than 100 years, and D. conoideum is newly recorded from Vietnam. A key to species based on morphological characters is given with illustrations, and distributional records in Vietnam are also provided.

Fintech and Banking: Evidence from Vietnam

LIEN, Nguyen Thi Kim,DOAN, Thu-Trang Thi,BUI, Toan Ngoc Korea Distribution Science Association 2020 The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Busine Vol.7 No.9

The paper focuses on understanding fintech and the application of fintech in the banking sector in Vietnam. To solve this research objective, the authors analyze fintech development trends, especially the fintech application in the banking sector in Vietnam. To improve the quality of fintech services at banks, the authors conducted consideration of factors affecting customers' intention to use fintech services. To accomplish this, the authors collected data through a survey of 620 customers of the banks located in Ho Chi Minh City - the largest economic center in Vietnam. For the analytical method, the authors used multivariate regression to estimate the research model. Research results show that fintech service is very important for the banking sector in Vietnam. Moreover, this paper has achieved great success by identifying the factors that influence customers' intention to use fintech services. Accordingly, the intention to use fintech (INT) services is positively affected by the perception of usefulness (PU), social impact (SI), customer trust (TRU), and perceived ease of use (PEU). Based on the results of this study, bank managers will have a basis to improve the quality of fintech services. Not only that, the results of this study are also valuable for policymakers and researchers.

The Relationship between Brand-program Congruency and Purchase Intention

( Liening Cheng ),( Seungmo Kim ) 한국스포츠정책과학원(구 한국스포츠개발원) 2016 International Journal of Applied Sports Sciences Vol.28 No.2

The main purposes of the current study were 1) to understand the perceptions of consumers toward congruency levels for a placed brand based on the type of movie and gender of endorser and 2) to examine the relationship between consumers` perceptions of congruency and purchase intention to have a successful sport media sponsorship. A total of 200 participants completed the questionnaires. The results revealed consumers had higher perceptions of congruency for a sportswear brand placed in a sports program than in a non-sports program. This study also found the positive association between congruency and purchase intention.

Synthesis and Conformation of Novel 4'-Fluorinated 5'-Deoxythreosyl Phosphonic Acid Nucleosides as Antiviral Agents

Lien Kang,김은애,최은주,유진철,이원재,홍준희 대한화학회 2012 Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society Vol.33 No.12

Efficient synthetic route to novel 4'-fluorinated 5'-deoxythreosyl phosphonic acid nucleosides was described from glyceraldehyde using Horner-Emmons reaction in the presence of triethyl α-fluorophosphonoacetate. Glycosylation reaction of nucleosidic bases with glycosly donor 14 gave the nucleosides which were further phosphonated and hydrolyzed to reach desired nucleoside analogues. Synthesized nucleoside analogues 18, 21, 25 and 28 were tested for anti-HIV activity as well as cytotoxicity. Adenine derivatives 18 and 21 showed significant anti-HIV activity up to 100 μM.

Enzyme Activities Related to Lipid Metabolism in the Liver and Adipose Tissue of Tsaiya Ducks under Fasting and Ad libitum Feeding Conditions

Lien, Tu-Fa,Jan, Der-Fang Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2003 Animal Bioscience Vol.16 No.3

The study investigated the lipid metabolism of Tsaiya ducks under fasting and ad libitum feeding conditions. Sixty Tsaiya ducks in their growing period (8-12 wk-old) and sixty Tsaiya ducks in their laying period (26-30 wk-old, 10-14 weeks after the onset of laying) were randomly divided into ad libitum feeding and 3-day fasting groups. The activities of lipid metabolism related enzymes were determined. Experimental results indicated that fasting depressed the activities of lipogenesis related enzymes such as fatty acid synthetase and NADP-malic dehydrogenase in both periods (p<0.05). Fasting also increased the activities of liver fatty acid $\beta$-oxidation enzymes (p<0.05). However, the activities of lipoprotein lipase in adipose tissue, heart and ovarian follicle in both periods and the hormone-sensitive lipase of adipose tissue in the growing period were decreased by fasting (p<0.01).

Effects of Chromium Propionate Supplementation on Growth Performance, Serum Traits and Immune Response in Weaned Pigs

Lien, T.-F.,Yang, K.-H.,Lin, K.-J. Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2005 Animal Bioscience Vol.18 No.3

This study investigated the effects of chromium propionate on growth performance, serum traits and immune response in weaned pigs. Twenty-four 4 wk-old crossbred weanling pigs (initial body weight about 9.52${\pm}$0.48 kg) were randomly allotted into one of two groups, a control group (basal diet), chromium propionate group (diet supplemented with 200 ${\mu}g$ $kg^{-1}$ (ppb) of chromium propionate). This experiment was conducted over nine weeks. Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide (LPS) 100 ${\mu}g$ $kg^{-1}$ BW was used as the stress-inducing agent in the middle (4 wks) and final (8 wks) periods. The experimental results indicated that chromium propionate had no effect on growth performance (p>0.05). Chromium propionate supplementation reduced the percentage of LDL+VLDL (low and very low-density lipoprotein) and increased HDL (high-density lipoprotein), but did not affect other serum traits. Pigs supplemented with chromium propionate had higher antibody titers specific for sheep red blood cells (SRBC) and serum total globulin relative to the control during the final period (p<0.05). A challenge with LPS increased white blood cells in the chromium propionate group in both experimental periods (p<0.05). The chromium propionate group exhibited higher IgG and $\gamma$-globulin than the control during the middle experimental period (p<0.05). Moreover, the PHA (phytohemagglutinin) challenge result in the chromium propionate group was better than the control group (p=0.056). Greater neutrophil activity was displayed than in the control (p<0.05). This suggests that chromium propionate supplementation benefited the weaned pigs in lipoprotein and immune response.

The Lipogenic Capacity of Hepatocytes and Lipolytic Rate of Adipocytes in Tsaiya Ducks during Growing and Laying Periods

Lien, T.F.,Jan, D.F. Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 1999 Animal Bioscience Vol.12 No.8

With an attempt to elucidating the lipid metabolism of Tsaiya ducks, thirty ducks at growing (8 weeks of age) and laying periods (10 weeks after the onset of laying) were examined, respectively. The ducks were randomly allocated into ad libitum feeding and 3-day fasting groups, to investigate their in vitro hepatocytes lipogenesis capacity and adipocytes lipolysis rate. Results indicate that (1) the capacity of hepatocytes incorporation of glucose and acetate into total lipid and metabolite of $^{14}CO_2$ production during the laying period was greater than during the growing period. Approximately 50% of the glucose or acetate converted into triacylglycerol (TG) by the hepatocytes were recovered as fatty acid during the growing period, while it was 65-70% during the laying period. (2) Acetate used for lipogenesis ability was superior to glucose in both periods. (3) The adipocytes lipolysis rate was increased significantly (p<0.05) by fasting. In contrast, the capacity of incorporated glucose or acetate into total lipid, triacylglycerol, fatty acid and glycerol by hepatocytes was reduced significantly (p<0.05) by fasting.

The Effect on the Lipid Metabolism of Tsaiya Ducks When High Levels of Choline or Methionine are Added to the Ducks' Diet

Lien, T.F.,Jan, D.F. Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 1999 Animal Bioscience Vol.12 No.7

In order to minimize the occurrence of fatty liver, this study investigated how adding a high level of dietary choline or methionine affected the lipid metabolism of Tsaiya ducks. Feeding trials were conducted with sixty Tsaiya ducks during their growing period, when they were 8-12 weeks old, and during their laying period, 10-14 weeks after the onset of laying when they were 26-30 weeks old. The ducks were randomly assigned to one of three groups: a control group (basal diet), a group in which methionine was added to the basal diet, and a group in which choline was added to the basal diet. The levels of methionine and choline added were twice as high as the levels recommended by the NRC for layer-type chickens. Experimental results indicated that adding choline to the basal diet of growing ducks significantly (p<0.05) increased their body weight, while adding methionine significantly (p<0.05)reduced their body weight. Adding either choline or methionine reduced the ducks' liver fat content in both the growing and the laying periods (p<0.05). Ducks receiving added methionine or choline in their diets displayed enhanced egg production (p<0.05). Adding choline increased serum triacylglycerol (TG) in the laying period (p<0.05). Adding either choline or methionine did not significantly (p>0.05) affect the t-globulin level. Adding methionine increased the activity of liver malic dehydrogenase in both the growing and the laying periods, and increased fatty acid synthetase in the laying period (p<0.05). While adding choline markedly (p>0.05) increased VLDL and apo B in both the growing and the laying periods, it decreased HDL and apo A in the laying period (p<0.05). This study found that adding a high level of choline to the basal diets of Tsaiya ducks in both the growing and the laying periods had beneficial effects. Furthermore, adding methionine affected the lipid metabolism of Tsaiya ducks to a lesser extent than adding choline.