Preparation of High-density YAG/ZrB2 Multi-phase Ceramics by Spark Plasma Sintering

Lian-Meng Zhang,Jie-Guang Song,Jun-Guo Li,Jian-Rong Song 한양대학교 세라믹연구소 2007 Journal of Ceramic Processing Research Vol.8 No.5

ZrB2 and YAG are widely applied because of some excellent properties, but ZrB2 is difficult to prepare as a high-density ceramic, and it is easily oxidized in high temperature air, which limits the application of ZrB2 materials. To obtain high-density for better oxidation resistance ZrB2 ceramic materials, in this paper, Al2O3 and Y2O3 are added into ZrB2 raw material to prepare high-density YAG/ZrB2 multi-phase ceramics by spark plasma sintering. Through the above analysis, it is proposed that 1600oC is regarded as a critical sintering temperature (Tc) to fabricate YAG/ZrB2 multi-phase ceramics. Only if the sintering temperature is higher than Tc, can a nearly full density composite be achieved. The microstructure of sintered YAG/ ZrB2 multi-phase ceramics after 4 minutes at 1600oC is a better compact, the density and relative density are 5.5865 g/cm3 and 99.40% respectively, which indicates that high-density YAG/ZrB2 multi-phase ceramics have been fabricated successfully. ZrB2 and YAG are widely applied because of some excellent properties, but ZrB2 is difficult to prepare as a high-density ceramic, and it is easily oxidized in high temperature air, which limits the application of ZrB2 materials. To obtain high-density for better oxidation resistance ZrB2 ceramic materials, in this paper, Al2O3 and Y2O3 are added into ZrB2 raw material to prepare high-density YAG/ZrB2 multi-phase ceramics by spark plasma sintering. Through the above analysis, it is proposed that 1600oC is regarded as a critical sintering temperature (Tc) to fabricate YAG/ZrB2 multi-phase ceramics. Only if the sintering temperature is higher than Tc, can a nearly full density composite be achieved. The microstructure of sintered YAG/ ZrB2 multi-phase ceramics after 4 minutes at 1600oC is a better compact, the density and relative density are 5.5865 g/cm3 and 99.40% respectively, which indicates that high-density YAG/ZrB2 multi-phase ceramics have been fabricated successfully.

Chopper Controller Based DC Voltage Control Strategy for Cascaded Multilevel STATCOM

Lian-Song Xiong,Fang Zhuo 대한전기학회 2014 Journal of Electrical Engineering & Technology Vol.9 No.2

The superiority of CMI (Cascaded Multilevel Inverter) is unparalleled in high power and high voltage STATCOM (Static Synchronous Compensator). However, the parameters and operating conditions of each individual power unit composing the cascaded STATCOM differ from unit to unit, causing unit voltage disequilibrium on the DC side. This phenomenon seriously impairs the operation performance of STATCOM, and thus maintaining the DC voltage balance and stability becomes critical for cascaded STATCOM. This paper analyzes the case of voltage disequilibrium, combines the operation characteristics of the cascaded STATCOM, and proposes a new DC voltage control scheme with the advantages of good control performance and stability. This hierarchical control method uses software to achieve the total active power control and also uses chopper controllers to enable that the imbalance power can flow among the capacitors in order to keep DC capacitor voltages balance. The operating principle of the chopper controllers is analyzed and the implementation is presented. The major advantages of the proposed control strategy are that the number of PI regulators has been decreased remarkably and accordingly the blindness of system design and debugging also reduces obviously. The simulation reveals that the proposed control scheme can achieve the satisfactory control goals.

Capacitance of Parallel Cylinders of Unequal Radii By Image Method

Jie, Lian · Xu, Song yuan · Ahn, Bierng Chearl 충북대학교 컴퓨터정보통신연구소 2018 컴퓨터정보통신연구 Vol.26 No.1

본문 참고

LncRNA A2M-AS1 lessens the injury of cardiomyocytes caused by hypoxia and reoxygenation via regulating IL1R2

Xue‑Lian Song,Fei‑Fei Zhang,Wen‑Jing Wang,Xin‑Ning Li,Yi Dang,Ying‑Xiao Li,Qian Yang,Mei‑Jing Shi,Xiao‑Yong Qi 한국유전학회 2020 Genes & Genomics Vol.42 No.12

Background: Myocardial ischemia and reperfusion injury (MI/RI) is a complex pathophysiological process, which can lead to severe myocardial injury. The long noncoding RNA alpha-2-macroglobulin antisense RNA 1 (A2M-AS1) has been revealed to be abnormally expressed in MI, However, its function in MI and the potential mechanism are still unclear. Objective: To evaluate the functional role of A2M-AS1 in hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R)-induced neonatal cardiomyocytes and its potential molecular mechanism. Methods: Dataset GSE66360 was obtained from GEO database for analyzing the RNA expression of A2M-AS1 and interleukin 1 receptor type 2 (IL1R2). KEGG pathway enrichment analysis of the genes that co-expressed with A2M-AS1 was performed. Human neonatal cardiomyocytes were subjected to H/R to construct in vitro models. QRT-PCR and Western blot were adopted to test the levels of mRNA and protein. The viability and apoptosis of cardiomyocytes were tested by CCK-8 and flow cytometry assays, respectively. Results: The expression of A2M-AS1 was notably downregulated in H/R-treated cardiomyocytes. Overexpression of A2M-AS1 can notably enhance the cell viability of H/R-damaged cardiomyocytes, whereas knockdown of A2M-AS1 showed the opposite outcomes. Besides, a negative correlation was showed between A2M-AS1 and IL1R2 expression. In H/R-treated cardiomyocytes, overexpression of IL1R2 weakened the promoting proliferation and anti-apoptosis effects caused by overexpressing A2M-AS1, however, IL1R2-knockdown abolished the anti-proliferation and pro-apoptosis effects caused by silencing A2M-AS1. Conclusion: This study demonstrates the potential regulatory role of A2M-AS1/ IL1R2 axis in cardiomyocytes suffered from H/R, and provides insight into the protection of MI/RI.

Chopper Controller Based DC Voltage Control Strategy for Cascaded Multilevel STATCOM

Xiong, Lian-Song,Zhuo, Fang The Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers 2014 Journal of Electrical Engineering & Technology Vol.9 No.2

The superiority of CMI (Cascaded Multilevel Inverter) is unparalleled in high power and high voltage STATCOM (Static Synchronous Compensator). However, the parameters and operating conditions of each individual power unit composing the cascaded STATCOM differ from unit to unit, causing unit voltage disequilibrium on the DC side. This phenomenon seriously impairs the operation performance of STATCOM, and thus maintaining the DC voltage balance and stability becomes critical for cascaded STATCOM. This paper analyzes the case of voltage disequilibrium, combines the operation characteristics of the cascaded STATCOM, and proposes a new DC voltage control scheme with the advantages of good control performance and stability. This hierarchical control method uses software to achieve the total active power control and also uses chopper controllers to enable that the imbalance power can flow among the capacitors in order to keep DC capacitor voltages balance. The operating principle of the chopper controllers is analyzed and the implementation is presented. The major advantages of the proposed control strategy are that the number of PI regulators has been decreased remarkably and accordingly the blindness of system design and debugging also reduces obviously. The simulation reveals that the proposed control scheme can achieve the satisfactory control goals.

Lymph Node Ratio is More Predictive than Traditional Lymph Node Stratification in Lymph Node Positive Invasive Breast Cancer

Bai, Lian-Song,Chen, Chuang,Gong, Yi-Ping,Wei, Wen,Tu, Yi,Yao, Feng,Li, Juan-Juan,Wang, Li-Jun,Sun, Sheng-Rong Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2013 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.14 No.2

Objective: To evaluate the relationships between lymph node ratio (LNR, the ratio of positive lymph nodes in excised axillary lymph nodes) and disease-free survival (DFS) by comparing with traditional absolute positive lymph node number (pN classification) for prediction of breast cancer (BC) progrnosis. Methods and Patients: We retrospectively reviewed patients who received comprehensive therapy in Department of Breast Surgery, Hubei Cancer Hospital, China from Jan 2002 to Dec 2006 (Group A), and Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, China from Jun 2008 to May 2012 (Group B). Patients were allocated to low-risk (${\leq}0.20$), intermediate-risk (> 0.20 but ${\leq}0.65$), high-risk (>0.65) groups by LNR. The primary endpoint was 5-DFS. Results: A total of 294 patients were included in our study. LNR was verified as a negative prognostic factor for DFS (P=0.002 in Group A, P<0.0001 in Group B). Then we found the effects of pN and LNR delamination on disease-free survival (DFS) had statistical significance (P=0.012 for pN and P=0.031 for LNR stratification in Group A, both of them P<0.001 in Group B). Compared to pN staging, LNR staging displayed superior performance in prognosis, the adjusted hazard ratio of recurrence being 2.07 (95%CI, 1.07 to 4.0) for intermediate risk group (P=0.030) and 2.44 (95%CI, 1.21 to 4.92) for high risk group (P=0.013) in Group A. Conclusions: LNR stratification proved an adverse prognostic factor of DFS in lymph nodes positive invasive BC using cut-off values 0.20 and 0.65, and was more predictive than traditional pN classification for 5-DFS.

朝鮮族祭祀文化初探

廉松心(Lian Song Xin) 가천대학교 아시아문화연구소 2005 아시아문화연구 Vol.9 No.-

In China, the Korean people have basically been carrying on the traditional sacrifice culture from the Korean peninsula, which has strong color of the Confucian culture. But during the course of adapting to today's social and natural circumstances, especially with the development and progress of the times, the Korean people's sacrifice culture, both in content and in form, has changed correspondingly. The ancestral sacrifice is the important expression of the polite culture and filial culture from the traditional Korean society as well as the important sign of the Korean poeple's identity cognition. This article is divided into four parts. It has made a systematic expression of the connotation and function of the Korean sacrifice, and the types and ways of the sacrificial rites. And it also expounds the changes and the value of the Korean sacrifice in today's society.

논문 : 1910~1945년 길림지역의 한인과 독립운동 개황

염송심 ( Song Xin Lian ) 단국사학회 2012 史學志 Vol.45 No.-

이 글은 길림지역에 이주한 한인들의 생활상과 독립운동을 살펴본 것이다. 길림지역은 국치를 전후한 시기에 많은 한인들이 이주하여 정착한 지역이었다. 이러한 한인들은 한일 병탄 이후 망국노로의 전락을 원치 않았던 식자층과 일본의 식민통치에 의해 파산한 농민들이 주를 이루었다. 이러한 까닭에 이 지역은 1919년 3·1운동 이후 민족독립운동의 근거지가 되었다. 한인들은 주로 두 가지 경로를 통해 길림지역으로 이주하였다. 첫째 함경도에서 두만강을 건너 길림성 동부지역으로 들어와, 그 중 일부가 서쪽으로 이동해 연길, 돈화, 교하를 거쳐 길림지역에 도착하는 경로이다. 또 다른 한 가지는 경상도, 전라도, 충청도, 평안도에서 압록강을 건너 요녕성과 길림성 동남부 산악지역를 지난 후 용녕성 봉성, 관전, 환인을 거쳐 길림성의 혼강, 류하, 해룡, 화전을 경유해 최종적으로 길림지역에 도착하는 경로이다. 길림지역에 도착한 후 한인들 대부분은 심양 -길림 간 철도의 동측 산악지역과 장춘 -도문, 길림 -하얼빈 철도 연선지역에 정착해 생활하였다. 이주한인들은 1907년 이전시기부터 길림시내에 정착하여 살고 있었다고 한다. 이들 한인들은 지속적으로 길림시와 주변지역에 정착하여 만주사변 전까지 주로 농업에 종사하면서 황무지를 개간하고 수전 경영을 하였다. 위만주국 설립 이후에는 길림시 외곽지역과 주변 농촌의 한인들이 대거 길림시 시내로 피난해와 정미소, 음식점, 옷가게, 이발소 등의 서비스업에 종사하기 시작하였다. 이 외에 두 곳의 주식회사와 약국, 병원이 있었다. 이러한 산업들은 일위정부(日僞政府)와 타협해 얻은 산물이었으리라 생각된다. 한인들은 길림지역으로 이주한 뒤 서당과 학교를 건립하기 시작했으나, 경비의 부족으로 인해 유지에 큰 어려움을 겪었다. 대부분의 학교들은 독립운동가와의 밀접한 관계를 맺고 반일민족교육을 진행하고 있었기 때문에 일본 침략기관에 의해 탄압을 받고 문을 닫게 되는 경우가 많았다. 만주사변 이전, 길림지역은 한인독립운동의 중심지 중 한 곳으로, 의열단, 정의부, 서로군정서 등 많은 독립운동단체들이 이곳에서 활동하였다. 반일애국인사들이 창건한 학교와 정미소는 독립운동가들의 연락기점이 되었다. 만주국이 수립된 이후, 대부분의 민족주의자들은 일위정부(日僞政府)와 타협하거나 혹은 관내지역으로 이주 하였다. 급진적 인사들은 공산주의단체에 가입해 중국공산당의 지도하에서 반제반봉건적 투쟁을 계속하였다. 1945년 8월 15일 일본이 투항하고 난 후, 정치목적을 가지고 길림지역으로 이주한 한인(많은 친일인사들을 포함) 대부분은 한국으로 돌아갔고, 광범위한 하층 군중들만 여전히 길림에 남아 중화인민공화국의 공민이 되었다. This study examines that the living statement and the independence movements of Korean migrants in Jilin province where many Koreans settled before and after the National Humiliation. Jilin became a base of the independence movements after the March First Movement in 1919, because the migrants were mostly the literate stratum who would not become a ruined people and the bankrupt farmers by Japanese colonial rule. Korean migrants moved to Jilin mainly through two routes. First, it is to cross Duman(Tumen) River from Hamkyung-do province to the eastern area in Jilin province; then, some of these shifted to the West and reached Jilin City via Yanji, Dunhua and Jiaohe. The other is to cross Amrok(Yalu) River from Gyeongsang-do, Jeolla-do, Chungcheong-do and Pyeongan-do province, pass the mountain regions of Southeast Liaoning and Jilin, go by Fengcheng, Kuandian and Huanren, and finally arrive at Jilin City by way of Hun River, Liuhe, Hai Long and Huadian. After arrival in Jilin, the most Koreans rooted in the eastern mountain regions of the Shenyang-Jilin railway line and the area along the railway of the Changchun-Tumen and Jilin-Harbin line. Korean migrants began living in the downtown of Jilin City before 1907. Having continually settled in and around Jilin, they were generally occupied with agriculture, developed the wild land, and managed paddy fields until Manchurian Incident. Since the establishment of Manchukuo, a large number of Koreans fled from the remote and surrounding farm area to the downtown, starting to engage in service industry such as rice mill, restaurant, clothing and barbering businesses. Except these, there were two of stock companies, pharmacies and hospitals; however, it is thought that they may be the product of compromising with the Japanese puppet government. Korean migrants founded village schools of classical learning(Seodang) and modern-educational schools after moving to Jilin, but were in heavy difficulties to maintain with the lack of funds. As the most schools were connected with the leaders of independence movements, and progressed the anti-Japanese national education, it was frequent to be closed by the pressure of Japanese invasive organisations. Before Manchurian Incident Jilin was one of the centres for Korean independence movement. There were a great number of organisations for the independence, for example Uiyeoldan, Jeongeui-bu and Seoro-gunjeongseo. The schools and the rice mills set up by anti-Japanese patriots became junction of the independence movement activists. After the establishment of Manchukuo the most nationalists compromised with the Japanese puppet government, or moved to the Chinese mainland. The radicalists joined in communist organisations, keeping struggles under the leading of Chinese Communist Party. Since Japan`s surrender in August Fifteenth, 1945, some Koreans moving to Jilin with political purpose―including the pro-Japanese collaborator―had mostly returned to Korea; the wide-ranging populace has yet remained in Jilin, being citizens of the People`s Republic of China.

안정해 탐색을 위한 DNA 유전자 알고리즘

廉鶴松,金仁澤 明知大學校 産業技術硏究所 2003 産業技術硏究所論文集 Vol.22 No.-

Abstract - This paper presents a novel method for searching stable solution using Gradient DNA genetic algorithm scheme. Often there are more than one solutions that satisfy the system requirements. These solutions can be viewed as extremes in multimodal function. All extremes are not the same in that some of them are using sensitive to noise or perturbation. This paper address the method that selects a solution that meets the system requirements in terms of output performance and has tolerance to the perspective noise or perturbation. A new method, called a Gradient DNA coding method is proposed to achieve such objectives. Several numerical examples are presents and comparing DNA coding method with genetic algorithm is also given.

Effects of Human Recombinant Granulocyte-Colony Stimulating Factor (hrG-CSF) on Porcine Embryo Development Competence of Parthenogenetic Activation (PA) and in vitro Fertilization (IVF)

Lian Cai,Eun song Lee,Sang Hwan Hyun 대한수의학회 2014 대한수의학회 학술대회발표집 Vol.2014 No.-