Recent Developments in the Effects of Different Dopants on the Structure and Property of Lithium Titanate Material

Xi-Yang Li,Qian-Lin Chen,Min Yang,Ya-Nan Li,Jing-Bo Ma 성균관대학교(자연과학캠퍼스) 성균나노과학기술원 2019 NANO Vol.14 No.3

The lithium titanium spinel Li4Ti5O12 has attracted more and more attention as anode materials applied in lithium ion batteries. Li4Ti5O12 material has been found to be able to intercalate lithium ions without deformation of the lattice. However, compared with graphite and other anode materials, the low conductivity of Li4Ti5O12 restricts its charging and discharging rate. Doping is deemed to be a businesslike method to enhance ionic and electronic conductivity of Li4Ti5O12. This paper reviews the effects of Li4Ti5O12 with different doping ions on different crystal lattice states. And it has been found by a summary that the doping objective of doping ions at Li4Ti5O12 is also different. Moreover, the applications of ion doping in different fields of Li4Ti5O12 are prospected.

Smartphone, promising battlefield for hackers

Bo Li1,Eul Gyu Im 보안공학연구지원센터(JSE) 2011 보안공학연구논문지 Vol.8 No.1

As smartphnoe becomes popular and the processing power is catching up with PC, although it brings much convenience to people’s daily life from fast access to latest information to efficient financial activities, more potential security threatens needs to be solved. As the mobile operation systems in different devices become common like Symbian and Windows Mobile, it is more possible for fast virus propagation and large scale damage soon. There have been several attacks targeting smartphone till now and it is a trend that hackers may move the battlefield from PCs to smartphones because of promising profit and smartphones’ limitations for antivirus work. This paper will present several security issues, predict possible attack forms and give some defense suggestions for smartphone security protection.

Facile and controllable synthesis of nitrogen self-doped chitosan-derived carbon for high-performance Li-ion batteries

Xia Wentao,Cheng Miao,Hu Jing,Liu Qianqian,Wei Tao,Wang Ruirui,Li Wanfei,Liu Bo 한국탄소학회 2024 Carbon Letters Vol.34 No.1

N-doping content and configurations have a significant effect on the electrochemical performance of carbon anodes. Herein, we proposed a simple method to synthesize highly N self-doped chitosan-derived carbon with controllable N-doping types by introducing 2ZnCO3·3Zn(OH)2 into the precursor. The as-synthesized NC-CS/2ZnCO3·3Zn(OH)2 electrode exhibited more than twice the reversible capacity (518 mAh g−1 after 100 cycles at 200 mA g−1) compared to the NC-CS electrode, superior rate performance and outstanding cycling stability. The remarkable improvement should be mainly attributed to the increase of N-doping content (particularly the pyrrolic-N content), which provided more active sites and favored Li+ diffusion kinetics. This study develops a cost-effective and facile synthesis route to fabricate high-performance N self-doped carbon with tunable doping sites for rechargeable battery applications.

Evidence for the medicinal value of Squama Manitis (pangolin scale): A systematic review

Xinyao Jin,Hui Zi Chua,Keyi Wang,Nan Li,Wenke Zheng,Wentai Pang,Fengwen Yang,Bo Pang,Mingyan Zhang,Junhua Zhang 한국한의학연구원 2021 Integrative Medicine Research Vol.10 No.1

Background: Squama Manitis (pangolin scale) has been used in traditional Chinese medicine for thousands of years. However, its efficacy has not been systematically reviewed. This review aims to fill the gap. Methods: We searched six electronic databases including PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, China National Knowledge Infrastructure Database (CNKI), WanFang Database and SinoMed from inception to May 1, 2020. Search terms included “pangolin”, “Squama Manitis”, “Manis crassicaudata”, “Manis javanica”, “Malayan pangolins”, “Manis pentadactyla”, “Ling Li”, “Chuan Shan Jia”, “Shan Jia”, “Pao Jia Zhu”, “Jia Pian” and “Pao Shan Jia”. The Cochrane Risk of Bias (RoB) assessment tool and Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS) were used to evaluate the risk of bias of the included randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and case control studies (CCSs). Results: After screening, 15 articles that met the inclusion criteria were finally included. There were 4 randomized controlled trials, 1 case control study, 3 case series and 7 case reports. A total of 15 different diseases were reported in these studies, thus the data could not be merged to generate powerful results. Two RCTs suggested that Squama Manitis combined with herbal decoction or antibiotics could bring additional benifit for treating postpartum hypogalactia and mesenteric lymphadenitis. However, this result was not reliable due to low methodological quality and irrational outcomes. The other two RCTs generated negative results. All the non-RCTs did not add any valuable evidence to the efficacy of Squama Manitis beacause of small samples, incomplete records, non-standardized outcome detection. In general, currently available evidence cannot support the clinical use of Squama Manitis. Conclusion: There is no reliable evidence that Squama Manitis has special medicinal value. The removal of Squama Manitis from Pharmacopoeia is rational.

조선 문인 李裕元과 游智開의 시문 교류

리보(Li Bo),노요한(번역자) 고려대학교 한자한문연구소 2018 동아한학연구 Vol.- No.13

광서 원년에 李裕元(이유원)은 민비 소생의 아들인 李坧을 세자로 책봉하기 위해 청나라에 다녀왔다. 세자 책봉은 조선의 국정과 밀접한 관계가 있는 것이었을 뿐 아니라, 이번 출사는 청나라 광서 조 이래 양국 간의 첫 공식 접촉이기도 하였다. 이 때문에 이유원의 이번 출사는 매우 중요한 의미가 있었다. 이유원은 永平府(영평부)를 지나면서 우연히 영평 수령인 游智開(유지개)를 만났고 둘은 시로써 우정을 맺었다. 이유원은 귤나무를 좋아하여 자기의 호로 삼았는데, 사철에서 유지개의 귤나무를 보고서 그에게 귤나무를 자신에게 주기를 청하였다. 유지개가 아끼지 않고 이유원에게 주어, 귤나무는 둘의 우정의 증거가 되었다. 유지개는 이유원이 이홍장과 만나고 싶어한다는 사실을 알고 둘의 만남을 주선하였다. 이유원이 사신의 일을 완수하고 조선에 돌아갈 때, 유지개는 자신의 시집을 이유원에게 증여였으며 이유원은 그 시집을 매우 높게 평가하였다. 이유원은 귀국 후 여유가 있을 때마다 유지개의 시집을 애송하였으며 시흥이 깃들 때에는 즉흥적으로 차운하기도 하였다. 유지개와 이유원의 교제는 광서 시기 한중 문인의 첫 만남으로서 광서 중후기 한중 문인들의 왕래를 고찰하는 데 있어 매우 중요한 전환점이 된다고 하겠다. In the first year of Guangxu(the reign title of Late Qing Dynasty), Li Yuyuan, served as a Joseon envoy abroad to the Qing Dynasty, for acquiring the agreement of conferring titles of nobility on the son of Min Concubine as the future king of Joseon. This tour of Li Yuyuan was not only related to the national policy of Joseon, but also could almost be regarded as the first official exchange between the two countries since the throne of the Guangxu Emperor. Therefore, Li Yuyuan’s trip is of great significance. When Li Yuyuan approached the local goverment of Yongping, he accidentally met the official of Yongping who named You Zhikai, and they exchanged poems and became friends. Li Yuyuan loved the orange tree so much that he named himself as Jushan. When he accidentally saw the orange tree in the Temple which belonged to You Zhikai, he wrote a letter to You for asking for the tree. In order to help Li to fulfill his wish, You Zhikai agreed generously, and the orange tree thus became a witness to the friendship between them. Li Yuyuan wanted make friends with Li Hongzhang,so You Zhikai make nothing of hardships to build a bridge between LI Yuyuan and LI Hongzhang.Over a long period of time, Li Zhi acted as an important link in the political affairs between China and Joseon. When Li Yuyuan completed his mission and returned to Joseon, You Zhikai gave his collection of poems to Li Yuyuan. After Li returned to Joseon, he often read the collection of You and often write and reply in poems, using the same rhyme sequence of You’s poem in his leisure time. As the first contact between the Chinese and Joseon literati in the Guangxu period, the literary communication between Li and You have showed that the literary exchanges and political exchanges between the two countries have a higher degree of integration tendencies. This is an important node for us to examine the literati exchanges between China and Joseon in the middle and late Guangxu period.

Comparison between Craniospinal Irradiation and Limited-Field Radiation in Patients with Non-metastatic Bifocal Germinoma

Bo Li,Wenyi Lv,Chunde Li,Jiongxian Yang,Jiajia Chen,Jin Feng,Li Chen,Zhenyu Ma,Youqi Li,Jiayi Wang,Yanwei Liu,Yanong Li,Shuai Liu,Shiqi Luo,Xiaoguang Qiu 대한암학회 2020 Cancer Research and Treatment Vol.52 No.4

Purpose Whether craniospinal irradiation (CSI) could be replaced by limited-field radiation in non-metastatic bifocal germinoma remains controversial. We addressed the issue based on the data from our series and the literature. Materials and Methods Data from 49 patients diagnosed with non-metastatic bifocal germinoma at our hospital during the last 10 years were collected. The Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory 4.0 was used to evaluate health-related quality of life (HRQOL). Additionally, 81 patients identified from the literature were also analyzed independently. Results In our cohort, 34 patients had tumors in the sellar/suprasellar (S/SS) plus pineal gland (PG) regions and 15 in the S/SS plus basal ganglia/thalamus (BG/T) regions. The median follow-up period was 52 months (range, 10 to 134 months). Our survival analysis showed that patients treated with CSI (n=12) or whole-brain radiotherapy (WBRT; n=34) had comparable disease-free survival (DFS; p=0.540), but better DFS than those treated with focal radiotherapy (FR; n=3, p=0.016). All 81 patients from the literature had tumors in the S/SS+PG regions. Relapses were documented in 4/45 patients treated with FR, 2/17 treated with whole-ventricle irradiation, 0/4 treated with WBRT, and 1/15 treated with CSI. Survival analysis did not reveal DFS differences between the types of radiation field (p=0.785). HRQOL analysis (n=44) in our cohort found that, compared with S/SS+PG germinoma, patients with BG/T involvement had significantly lower scores in social and school domains. However, HRQOL difference between patients treated with CSI and those not treated with CSI was not significant. Conclusion In patients with non-metastatic bifocal germinoma, it is rational that CSI could be replaced by limited-field radiation. HRQOL in patients with BG/T involvement was poorer.

Discriminative detection of indoor volatile organic compounds using a sensor array based on pure and Fe-doped In₂O₃ nanofibers

Lee, Chul-Soon,Li, Hua-Yao,Kim, Bo-Young,Jo, Young-Moo,Byun, Hyung-Gi,Hwang, In-Sung,Abdel-Hady, Faissal,Wazzan, Abdulaziz A.,Lee, Jong-Heun Elsevier 2019 Sensors and actuators. B Chemical Vol.285 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Representative indoor volatile organic compounds (VOCs) such as benzene, xylene, toluene, formaldehyde, and ethanol need to be detected in a highly sensitive and discriminative manner because of their different impact on human health. In this study, pure and 0.05, 0.1, 0.3, and 0.5 at% Fe-doped In<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>3</SUB> nanofibers were prepared by electrospinning and their gas sensing characteristics toward the aforementioned VOCs were investigated. The doping of In<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>3</SUB> nanofiber sensor with 0.05 and 0.1 at% Fe shifted the temperature to show the maximum responses to benzene, xylene, and toluene, and reduced responses to ethanol and formaldehyde, thus demonstrating changed gas selectivity. The gas sensing characteristics of 0.5 at% Fe-doped In<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>3</SUB> nanofiber sensor were substantially different from those of the other sensors. Significantly different gas sensing patterns of pure and Fe-doped In<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>3</SUB> sensors could be used to discriminate between the five different VOCs at 375 °C and to distinguish between the aromatic and non-aromatic gases at all sensing temperatures. The mechanism underlying the Fe-induced change in gas sensing characteristics has been discussed in relation to the variation of catalytic activity, morphology, oxygen adsorption, and charge carrier concentration.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Fabrication of a sensor array using pure and Fe-doped In<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>3</SUB> nanofibers. </LI> <LI> Discriminative detection of benzene, xylene, toluene, ethanol, and formaldehyde. </LI> <LI> Distinction between aromatic and non-aromatic indoor pollutants using sensor array. </LI> <LI> Gas sensing mechanism underlying Fe-induced change in response and selectivity. </LI> </UL> </P>

In-situ synthesized ZnFe₂O₄ firmly anchored to the surface of MWCNTs as a long-life anode material with high lithium storage performance

Yang, Tianbo,Zhang, Wanxi,Li, Linlin,Jin, Bo,Jin, Enmei,Jeong, Sangmoon,Jiang, Qing Elsevier 2017 APPLIED SURFACE SCIENCE - Vol.425 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Because of two different metal cations in the crystal structures, binary transition metal oxides possess a lot of unique properties. ZnFe<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>4</SUB> emerges from these transition metal oxides on account of its high theoretical capacity (1072mAhg<SUP>−1</SUP>). One-dimensional multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) would be a desirable conductive additive for ZnFe<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>4</SUB>, thereby improving the electrochemical performance of ZnFe<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>4</SUB>. In this work, we prepare ZnFe<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>4</SUB>/MWCNTs by solvothermal method with further heat-treatment. ZnFe<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>4</SUB> nanoparticles are firmly anchored to the surface of MWCNTs. ZnFe<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>4</SUB>/MWCNTs nanocomposite displays high specific capacity (1278mAhg<SUP>−1</SUP> at a current density of 200mAg<SUP>−1</SUP> after 200 cycles, and 565mAhg<SUP>−1</SUP> at a current density of 1500mAg<SUP>−1</SUP> after 500 cycles), and good rate performance (367mAhg<SUP>−1</SUP> even at a current density of 6000mAhg<SUP>−1</SUP> after 80 cycles). The superior electrochemical performance may promote ZnFe<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>4</SUB> to be a promising alternative anode in lithium-ion batteries.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> ZnFe<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>4</SUB> nanoparticles and ZnFe<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>4</SUB>/MWCNTs composites have been prepared by a facile solvothermal method. </LI> <LI> ZnFe<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>4</SUB> nanoparticles are firmly anchored to the surface of MWCNTs. MWCNTs can suppress the growth of ZnFe<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>4</SUB> nanoparticles. </LI> <LI> ZnFe<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>4</SUB>/MWCNTs nanocomposite displays high specific capacity at a high current density. </LI> </UL> </P>

lncRNA Epigenetic Landscape Analysis Identifies <i>EPIC1</i> as an Oncogenic lncRNA that Interacts with MYC and Promotes Cell-Cycle Progression in Cancer

Wang, Zehua,Yang, Bo,Zhang, Min,Guo, Weiwei,Wu, Zhiyuan,Wang, Yue,Jia, Lin,Li, Song,Caesar-Johnson, Samantha J.,Demchok, John A.,Felau, Ina,Kasapi, Melpomeni,Ferguson, Martin L.,Hutter, Carolyn M.,Sof Cell Press 2018 Cancer Cell Vol. No.

<P><B>Summary</B></P> <P>We characterized the epigenetic landscape of genes encoding long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) across 6,475 tumors and 455 cancer cell lines. In stark contrast to the CpG island hypermethylation phenotype in cancer, we observed a recurrent hypomethylation of 1,006 lncRNA genes in cancer, including <I>EPIC1</I> (epigenetically-induced lncRNA1). Overexpression of <I>EPIC1</I> is associated with poor prognosis in luminal B breast cancer patients and enhances tumor growth <I>in vitro</I> and <I>in vivo.</I> Mechanistically, <I>EPIC1</I> promotes cell-cycle progression by interacting with MYC through <I>EPIC1</I>'s 129–283 nt region. <I>EPIC1</I> knockdown reduces the occupancy of MYC to its target genes (e.g., <I>CDKN1A</I>, <I>CCNA2</I>, <I>CDC20</I>, and <I>CDC45</I>). MYC depletion abolishes <I>EPIC1</I>'s regulation of MYC target and luminal breast cancer tumorigenesis <I>in vitro</I> and <I>in vivo</I>.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> LncRNAs show a hypomethylation phenotype, in contrast to a CIMP phenotype in cancer </LI> <LI> <I>EPIC1</I> promotes breast tumorigenesis through regulating cancer cell-cycle progression </LI> <LI> <I>EPIC1</I> directly interacts with MYC protein through <I>EPIC1</I>'s 129–283 nt region </LI> <LI> <I>EPIC1</I> regulates MYC targets by enhancing MYC occupancy on its target promoters </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical Abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>

Highly discriminative and sensitive detection of volatile organic compounds for monitoring indoor air quality using pure and Au-loaded 2D In₂O₃ inverse opal thin films

Lee, Chul-Soon,Dai, Zhengfei,Kim, Do Hong,Li, Hua-Yao,Jo, Young-Moo,Kim, Bo-Young,Byun, Hyung-Gi,Hwang, Insung,Lee, Jong-Heun Elsevier 2018 Sensors and actuators. B Chemical Vol.273 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>The lack of gas selectivity in oxide semiconductor chemiresistors has long been an obstacle to realizing discriminative detection of indoor volatile organic compounds (VOCs) with different health impacts. A simple and reliable algorithm to discriminate between critically harmful aromatic VOCs (benzene, xylene, and toluene) and less harmful ethanol is suggested by the simple combination of sensor signals from pure In<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>3</SUB> and Au-loaded In<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>3</SUB> 2D inverse opal (IO) thin films prepared by heat-treating the precursor-dipped self-assembled polystyrene templates and Au deposition. The Au-loaded In<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>3</SUB> IO sensor showed unprecedentedly high responses to 5 ppm ethanol (resistance ratio = 1640.2) and comparably high responses to 5 ppm benzene, <I>p-</I>xylene, and toluene (resistance ratio range of 674.5–1012.9). Such high gas responses were attributed to the periodically porous and thus highly gas-accessible structures, while the clear discrimination between aromatic VOCs and ethanol was achieved by tuning gas selectivity through systematic control of the size, morphology, and loading concentration of Au nano-catalysts. The results of this study can be used for reliable and precise monitoring of indoor air pollutants.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Discriminative detection of indoor pollutant gases using Au-In<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>3</SUB> 2D Inverse Opals. </LI> <LI> Selective and sensitive detection of ethanol using In<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>3</SUB> 2D Inverse Opals. </LI> <LI> Ultrahigh response (resistance ratio = ∼1000) of Au-In<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>3</SUB> sensor to 5 ppm <I>p</I>-xylene. </LI> <LI> A simple and reliable algorithm for gas selectivity using two-sensor array. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>