New Opportunities - Complex Motivations: Gender Differences in Motivation for Physical Activity in the Context of Sports Clubs and Fitness Centers

( Anne Lene Bakken Ulseth ) 한국스포츠정책과학원(구 한국스포츠개발원) 2008 International Journal of Applied Sports Sciences Vol.20 No.1

In recent decades, there has been an increasing pluralism in the field of physical activity in the Western countries. The rise of the fitness sector has brought forth new opportunities for physical activity, which have been particularly embraced by women. The question examined in this essay is then whether this expansion of the sport and fitness field implies that new meanings are attached to physical activity, and further, if these meanings are gendered. The empirical analysis is based on two surveys of adult Norwegians exercising in fitness centers (N=1585) or in sports clubs (N=1202), and the comparison of these two exercise arenas. The main finding in this study is that there are substantial differences in the way individuals within the two arenas experience their physical activity. The findings point to a selection process where individuals emphasizing traditional motivations such as pleasure, social factors and achievement are attracted to sports clubs, and is a group largely constituted by men. On the other hand, those finding more instrumental motivations such as fitness, mental recreation, and appearance more important tend to prefer fitness centers, and are a group largely composed of women. The results from this study demonstrate that the rise of the fitness sector has led to an increased diversity in ways of experiencing physical activity.

Recognition of the Y chromosome in Turner syndrome using peripheral blood or oral mucosa tissue

Barbosa Lene Garcia,Siviero-Miachon Adriana Aparecida,Souza Maria Anunciação,Spinola-Castro Angela Maria 대한소아내분비학회 2021 Annals of Pediatirc Endocrinology & Metabolism Vol.26 No.4

Purpose: Turner syndrome is defined as total or partial loss of the second sex chromosome in a phenotypically female patient. Due to the possibility of hidden mosaicism of fragments of the Y chromosome and development of gonadoblastoma, we evaluated the presence of such fragments in 2 tissues with different embryonic origins, peripheral blood lymphocytes (mesoderm), and oral mucosal cells (ectoderm) using multiplex polymerase chain reaction.Methods: DNA samples were collected from 109 patients, and primers for the SRY, TSPY, and AMELX genes were used.Results: We found 14 patients (12.8%) with positive molecular markers for the Y chromosome. The study of tissues of different embryological origin showed the same degree of agreement, sensitivity, and specificity.Conclusion: Oral mucosa cells have a simpler method of collection that is less invasive and requires less time for DNA extraction at a lower cost.

Investigation of the Relationship between Protein , Message and Inducer Concentrations in Recombinant E . coli Cells

Jorensen,Lene,Connor J . Thomas,Brian K . O'Neill,Anton P . J . Middelberg 한국미생물생명공학회 1997 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.7 No.1

Developing the Entrepreneurial University: Architecture and Institutional Theory

David V. Gibson,Lene Foss 세계과학도시연합 2017 World Technopolis Review Vol.6 No.1

Given the diverse environmental contexts of universities worldwide there is a need for a theoretical orientation that addresses the entrepreneurial university in a range of settings. Applying the institutional perspective this research explores how universities are strongly influenced by, as well as active influencers in, their surrounding environment. To do this, we examine case narratives of two universities in each of the following countries: Norway, Sweden, Finland, the UK, and the U.S. Analysis focuses on five entrepreneurial dimensions as defined by Nelles and Vorley (2010a): Structures, Systems, Leadership, Strategies, and Culture while examining the impact of regional and national context at regulative, normative, and cognitive levels of analysis. We address two research questions: How do universities interact with their institutional context in developing entrepreneurially and what actors and forces are most important in motivating institutional change in developing a university’s entrepreneurial architecture?

Developing the Entrepreneurial University: Architecture and Institutional Theory

Gibson, David V.,Foss, Lene World Technopolis Association 2017 World Technopolis Review Vol.6 No.1

Given the diverse environmental contexts of universities worldwide there is a need for a theoretical orientation that addresses the entrepreneurial university in a range of settings. Applying the institutional perspective this research explores how universities are strongly influenced by, as well as active influencers in, their surrounding environment. To do this, we examine case narratives of two universities in each of the following countries: Norway, Sweden, Finland, the UK, and the U.S. Analysis focuses on five entrepreneurial dimensions as defined by Nelles and Vorley (2010a): Structures, Systems, Leadership, Strategies, and Culture while examining the impact of regional and national context at regulative, normative, and cognitive levels of analysis. We address two research questions: How do universities interact with their institutional context in developing entrepreneurially and what actors and forces are most important in motivating institutional change in developing a university's entrepreneurial architecture?

Biphasic effects of ANP infusion in conscious, euvolumic rats: roles of AQP2 and ENaC trafficking.

Wang, Weidong,Li, Chunling,Nejsum, Lene N,Li, Hongyan,Kim, Soo Wan,Kwon, Tae-Hwan,Jonassen, Thomas E N,Knepper, Mark A,Thomsen, Klaus,Frokiaer, Jorgen,Nielsen, Soren American Physiological Society 2006 American journal of physiology. Renal physiology Vol.290 No.2

<P>Atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) acutely promotes water and sodium excretion, whereas subchronic effects involve water retention. Renal hemodynamics, water and sodium excretion, and aquaporin-2 (AQP2) and epithelial Na channel (ENaC) subcellular trafficking were determined in response to continuous ANP infusion in conscious rats, where body sodium and fluid balance was constantly maintained. ANP (0.5 microg x kg(-1) x min(-1)) evoked a transient (peak at 10 min) fivefold diuresis followed by reduced urine production to control levels (30- to 90-min period). The fractional distal water excretion was significantly increased initially and then decreased in response to ANP. There was no change in the subcellular localization of AQP2 and AQP2 phosphorylated in PKA consensus site S256 (p-AQP2) 10 min after ANP infusion. In contrast, after 90 min a marked increase in apical labeling of AQP2 and p-AQP2 was observed in the inner and outer medullary collecting ducts but not in cortical collecting ducts. In support of this, ANP induced plasma membrane targeting of AQP2 in transiently AQP2-transfected cells. ANP infusion evoked an instant increase in renal sodium excretion, which persisted for 90 min. Ten minutes of ANP infusion induced no changes in the subcellular localization of ENaC subunits, whereas a marked increase in apical targeting of alpha- and gamma-subunits was observed after 90 min. In conclusion, 1) ANP infusion induced a sustained natriuresis and transient diuresis; 2) there were no changes in the subcellular localization of AQP2 and ENaC subunits after 10 min of ANP infusion; and 3) there was a marked increase in apical targeting of AQP2, p-AQP2, and alpha- and gamma-ENaC after 90 min of ANP infusion. The increased targeting of ENaC and AQP2 likely represents direct or compensatory effects to increase sodium and water reabsorption and to prevent volume depletion in response to prolonged ANP infusion.</P>

Early Assessment of Cost-effectiveness of Gastric Electrical Stimulation for Diabetic Nausea and Vomiting

( Mette W Klinge ),( Peter Rask ),( Lene S Mortensen ),( Kathrine Lassen ),( Niels Ejskjaer ),( Lars H Ehlers ),( Klaus Krogh ) 대한소화기기능성질환·운동학회(구 대한소화관운동학회) 2017 Journal of Neurogastroenterology and Motility (JNM Vol.23 No.4

Background/Aims Recurrent nausea and/or vomiting are common complications of diabetes mellitus. The conditions severely impact the quality of life of patients and often cause repeated admissions to hospital incurring significant healthcare costs. If standard treatment fails, gastric electrical stimulation (GES) may be offered in selected cases, as a minimally invasive, but expensive, therapeutic option. Our aims are to evaluate the clinical effect and the cost-utility of GES as a treatment for severe diabetic recurrent nausea and/or vomiting. Methods Among 33 diabetes patients implanted with GES because of recurrent nausea and/or vomiting, 30 were available for evaluation. The effect of treatment was assessed prospectively using symptom-diaries and the SF-36 questionnaires at baseline, after 6 and 12 months, and thereafter yearly. The number of days in hospital due to symptoms related to gastrointestinal dysfunction was calculated using hospital records 12 months prior to and 12 months after implantation. Results The surgical procedures were performed without mortality or major complications. Six months after surgery 78% of the respondents had at least 50% reduction in time with nausea and 48% had at least 50% reduction in days with vomiting. Symptom relief persisted at follow-up after at least 4 years. Quality adjusted life years improved after GES, which was cost-effective after 24 months. Conclusions GES reduces symptoms and improves quality of life in diabetes patients with recurrent nausea and/or vomiting. The procedure is supposed as cost-effective over a 2-year time horizon. (J Neurogastroenterol Motil 2017;23:541-549)

Effect of fermentation process on hygiene and perceived quality of lait caillé, an ethnic milk product from Burkina Faso

Bayili Geoffroy Romaric,Konkobo-Yaméogo Charlotte,Diarra Sinaly,Diarra Sinaly,Jespersen Lene,Sawadogo-Lingani Hagretou 한국식품연구원 2023 Journal of Ethnic Foods Vol.10 No.17

Lait caillé is a traditional fermented milk product in Burkina Faso. The objective of this study was to contribute to consumer acceptance of lait caillé . For this purpose, the production practices in rural and urban areas were identified through semi-structured interviews, while the perceived quality of lait caillé in urban area was investigated through a survey. Then, microbiological and physico-chemical parameters were analysed on samples from rural and urban sites. Finally, an attempt to improve the hygiene of the traditional processing was proposed by use of Lactococcus lactis and Leuconostoc mesenteroides stains as starter. These were previously isolated from traditional lait caillé . The results on the manufacturing processes revealed from the raw milk practices of spontaneous fermentation, backslopping and contact with bacterial biofilms attached to container. The survey on perceived quality indicated that traditional lait caillé possessed a niche market which could be enlarged by implementation of good manufacturing practices in the production sites. The microbiota of the end product was characterised by high loads of Enterococcus spp., Enterobacteria and Pichia spp. Fermented milks by starter cultures showed improved hygienic quality and a positive sensory appreciation. However, the use of selected strains might be followed by loss of some features of traditional lait caillé , which scientists should work to resolve.

Immunohistochemical evalulation of activated Ras and Rac1 as potential downstream effectors of aquaporin-5 in breast cancer <i>in vivo</i>

Jensen, Helene H.,Login, Fré,dé,ric H.,Park, Ji-Young,Kwon, Tae-Hwan,Nejsum, Lene N. Elsevier 2017 Biochemical and biophysical research communication Vol. No.

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Aberrant levels of aquaporin-5 (AQP5) expression have been observed in several types of cancer, including breast cancer, where AQP5 overexpression is associated with metastasis and poor prognosis. In cultured cancer cells, AQP5 facilitates cell migration and activates Ras signaling. Both increased cell migration and Ras activation are associated with cancer metastasis, but so far it is unknown if AQP5 also affects these processes <I>in vivo</I>. Therefore, we investigated if high AQP5 expression in breast cancer tissue correlated with increased activation of Ras and of Rac1, which is a GTPase also involved in cell migration. This was accomplished by immunohistochemical analysis of invasive ductal carcinoma of breast tissue sections from human patients, followed by qualitative and quantitative correlation analysis between AQP5 and activated Ras and Rac1. Immunohistochemistry revealed that activation of Ras and Rac1 was positively correlated. There was, however, no correlation between high AQP5 expression and activation of Ras, whereas a nonsignificant, but positive, tendency between the levels of AQP5 and activated Rac1 levels was observed. In summary, this is the first report that correlates AQP5 expression levels to downstream signaling partners in breast cancer tissue sections. The results suggest Rac1 as a potential downstream signaling partner of AQP5 <I>in vivo</I>.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Subcellular AQP5 localization is altered in human breast cancer. </LI> <LI> Correlation analysis of GTPase activation and AQP5 in human breast cancer. </LI> <LI> Positive tendency for correlation between Rac-GTP and AQP5 in human breast cancer. </LI> <LI> Ras-GTP and Rac1-GTP positively correlated in human breast cancer. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>