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Lena Hell,Kristina Lurger,Lisa-Marie Mauracher,Ella Grilz,Christina Maria Reumiller,Georg Johannes Schmidt,Huriye Ercan,Silvia Koder,Alice Assinger,José Basilio,Johanna Gebhart,Cihan Ay,Ingrid Pabinge 생화학분자생물학회 2020 Experimental and molecular medicine Vol.52 No.-
Patients with antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) are at high risk of developing venous and arterial thromboembolism (TE). The role of platelets in the pathogenesis of these prothrombotic conditions is not yet fully understood. The aim of this study was to gain mechanistic insights into the role of platelets in APS by comparing the platelet proteome between lupus anticoagulant (LA)-positive patients with (LA+TE+) and without a history of TE (LA+TE−) and healthy controls. The platelet proteome of 47 patients with LA, 31 with a history of TE and 16 without thrombotic history, and 47 healthy controls was analyzed by two-dimensional differential in-gel electrophoresis and mass spectrometry to identify disease-related proteins. Afterward, selected LA-related platelet proteins were validated by western blot and ELISA. Alterations of 25 proteins were observed between the study groups. STRING pathway analysis showed that LArelated protein profiles were involved in platelet activation, aggregation, and degranulation. For example, protein disulfide isomerase family members, enzymes that promote thrombosis, were upregulated in platelets and plasma of LA+TE+patients. Leukocyte elastase inhibitor (SERPINB1), an antagonist of neutrophil extracellular trap (NET) formation, was decreased in platelets of LA+TE+patients compared to healthy controls. Additionally, citrullinated histone H3, a NET-specific marker, was increased in plasma of LA+TE+patients. These findings suggest that decreased platelet SERPINB1 levels favor prothrombotic NETosis, especially in LA+TE+patients. Our findings reveal protein abundance changes connected to altered platelet function in LA-positive patients, thus suggesting a pathogenic role of platelets in thrombotic complications in APS.
( Lena Gerwick ),( Paul Boudrean ),( Hyuk Jae Choi ),( Sarnantha Mascuch ),( Franclsco A Villa ),( Marcy J Balunas ),( Karla L Malloy ),( Margaret E Teasdale ),( David C Rowley ),( Willam H Gerwick ) 영남대학교 약품개발연구소 2012 영남대학교 약품개발연구소 연구업적집 Vol.22 No.0
Several groups of structurally-related compounds, comprised of either five or six-memberedring structures with attached lipophilic carbon chains and in some cases possessing halogen atoms, have been isolated from various marine algae and filamentous cyanobacteria. The related compounds considered in the present work include the coibacins, laurenciones, honaucins, malyngamides and the tumonoic acids. Members of all of these compound families were assayed and found to inhibit the production of nitric oxide in lipopolysaccharides-stimulated macro-phages, indicating their anti-inflammatory potential In addition, several of these same marine natural products were found to inhibit quorum sensing mediated phenotypes in Vibrio harveyi BB120 and /or Escherichia coli JB525. The mechanism and evolutionary significance for inhibition of these cellular processes in prokaryotic and eukaryotic systems are speculated on and discussed.
Lena Galvez Ranilla,Emmanouil Apostolidis,Franco Maria Lajolo,Kalidas Shetty,Maria Ines Genovese 한국식품영양과학회 2009 Journal of medicinal food Vol.12 No.4
The health-relevant functionality of 10 thermally processed Peruvian Andean grains (five cereals, three pseudocereals, and two legumes) was evaluated for potential type 2 diabetes-relevant antihyperglycemia and antihypertension activity using in vitro enzyme assays. Inhibition of enzymes relevant for managing early stages of type 2 diabetes such as hyperglycemia-relevant α-glucosidase and α-amylase and hypertension-relevant angiotensin I-converting enzyme (ACE) were assayed along with the total phenolic content, phenolic profiles, and antioxidant activity based on the 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical assay. Purple corn (Zea mays L.) (cereal) exhibited high free radical scavenging-linked antioxidant activity (77%) and had the highest total phenolic content (8±1mg of gallic acid equivalents/g of sample weight) and α-glucosidase inhibitory activity (51% at 5mg of sample weight). The major phenolic compound in this cereal was protocatechuic acid (287±15μg/g of sample weight). Pseudocereals such as Quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd) and Kañiwa (Chenopodium pallidicaule Aellen) were rich in quercetin derivatives (1,131±56 and 943±35μg [expressed as quercetin aglycone]/g of sample weight, respectively) and had the highest antioxidant activity (86% and 75%, respectively). Andean legumes (Lupinus mutabilis cultivars SLP-1 and H-6) inhibited significantly the hypertension-relevant ACE (52% at 5mg of sample weight). No α-amylase inhibitory activity was found in any of the evaluated Andean grains. This in vitro study indicates the potential of combination of Andean whole grain cereals, pseudocereals, and legumes to develop effective dietary strategies for managing type 2 diabetes and associated hypertension and provides the rationale for animal and clinical studies.
Dynamic Tuning of PI-Controllers based on Model-free Reinforcement Learning Methods
Lena Abbasi Brujeni,Jong Min Lee,Sirish L. Shah 제어로봇시스템학회 2010 제어로봇시스템학회 국제학술대회 논문집 Vol.2010 No.10
A Reinforcement Learning (RL) method called SARSA [4] is used to dynamically tune a PI-controller for a Continuous Stirred Tank Heater (CSTH) experimental setup. In order to start from an acceptable policy, the proposed approach uses an approximate First Order Plus Time Delay (FOPTD) model to train the RL agent in the simulation environment before implementation on the real plant. As a result of the existing plant-model mismatch, the performance of the RL-based PI-controller based on the policy derived from simulations is not as good as the simulation results; however, training on the real plant results in a significant performance improvement. On the other hand, the IMC-tuned PI-controllers, which are the most commonly used feedback controllers, degrade because of the inevitable plant-model mismatch. The experimental tests are carried out for the cases of set-point tracking and disturbance rejection. In both cases, the successful adaptability of the RL-based PI-controller is clearly evident.
POACHING WORLD LITERATURE IN CHINA’S LONG 1970s
Lena Henningsen 한국외국어대학교 아프리카연구소 2020 Asian Journal of African Studies Vol.- No.48
This contribution analyses reading practices of Chinese readers during the 1970s as well as three exemplary works of literature of the era: two pieces of unofficial handwritten entertainment fiction from the Cultural Revolution (A Strand of Golden Hair and Zhang Yang’s The Second Handshake) and the short story “The Class Teacher” by Liu Xinwu (1977) all of which have the influential novel How the Steel was Tempered as a prominent intertext. Approaching literature through actual reading practices reveals how both actual readers, as well as authors of literature and fictional characters poach other literary texts in their attempts to make sense of their own world, thus re-interpreting the source text for their own purposes. The Chinese Cultural Revolution decade (1966-1976) and its immediate aftermath offer a particular interesting case study. While the political regime aimed at censoring the literary field and controlled what was available to readers, many readers countered these strategies by clandestine tactics like stealing books from closed libraries, reading books meant for internal publication or interpreting the narratives along lines unimagined by the political authorities. The perspective on reading practices thus reveals that world literature remained widely read, influential and meaningful throughout the era - and beyond, both in grassroots reading practices and literary works.