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The Impact of COVID-19 on Individual Industry Sectors: Evidence from Vietnam Stock Exchange
Thi Hoang Lan TU,Tri M. HOANG 한국유통과학회 2021 The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Busine Vol.8 No.7
The paper examines the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the stock market prices. The vector autoregression model (VAR) has been used in this analysis to survey 341 stocks on the Ho Chi Minh City Stock Exchange (HOSE) for the period from January 23, 2020 to December 31, 2020. The empirical results obtained from the analysis of 11 economic sectors suggest that there is a statistically significant impact relationship between COVID-19 and the healthcare and utility industries. Additional findings show a statistically significant negative impact of COVID-19 on the utility share price at lag 1. Analysis of impulse response function (IRF) and forecast error variance decomposition (FEVD) show an inverse reaction of utility stock prices to the impact of COVID-19 and a gradual disappearing shock after two steps. Major findings show that there is a clear negative effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on share prices, and the daily increase in the number of confirmed cases, indicate that, in future disease outbreaks, early containment measures and positive responses are necessary conditions for governments and nations to protect stock markets from excessive depreciation. Utility stocks are among the most severely impacted shares on financial exchanges during a pandemic due to the high risk of immediate or irreversible closure of manufacturing lines and poor demand for basic amenities.
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( Xiaoman Tu ),( Lan Tang ),( Guangbo Xie ),( Kejun Deng ),( Liyuan Xie ) 한국균학회 2021 Mycobiology Vol.49 No.1
Morels (Morchella spp.) are valuable medicinal and edible mushrooms. In this study, chemical profiles of aromas and lipophilic extracts of black morel (Morchella importuna) grown in China were analyzed by gas chromatography/mass spectroscopy, along with the evaluation of antioxidant and antimicrobial activities for the lipophilic extracts. Sixty-five compounds in total were identified from the aromas, and 1-octen-3-ol was the main component for aromas of fresh (34.40%) and freeze-dried (68.61%) black morels, while the most abundant compound for the aroma of the oven-dried sample was 2(5H)-furanone (13.95%). From the lipophilic extracts, 29 compounds were identified with linoleic acid as the main compound for fresh (77.37%) and freeze-dried (56.46%) black morels and steroids (92.41%) as the main constituent for an oven-dried sample. All three lipophilic extracts showed moderate antioxidant activities against 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl and 2,20-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline- 6-sulfonic acid) with the IC<sub>50</sub> values ranging 7.56_17.52mg/mL and 5.75_9.73mg/mL, respectively, and no obvious antimicrobial activity was observed for lipophilic extracts. The drying methods affect the chemical profile of black morel, and freeze-drying was favorable for retaining nutrients and morel smell. This is the first report on the aroma and lipophilic extracts of M. importuna grown in China.
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Phu Huong Lan, Nguyen,Le Thi Phuong, Tu,Nguyen Huu, Hien,Thuy, Le,Mather, Alison E.,Park, Se Eun,Marks, Florian,Thwaites, Guy E.,Van Vinh Chau, Nguyen,Thompson, Corinne N.,Baker, Stephen Public Library of Science 2016 PLoS neglected tropical diseases Vol.10 No.8
<▼1><P>Invasive non-typhoidal <I>Salmonella</I> (iNTS) infections are now a well-described cause of morbidity and mortality in children and HIV-infected adults in sub-Saharan Africa. In contrast, the epidemiology and clinical manifestations of iNTS disease in Asia are not well documented. We retrospectively identified >100 cases of iNTS infections in an infectious disease hospital in Southern Vietnam between 2008 and 2013. Clinical records were accessed to evaluate demographic and clinical factors associated with iNTS infection and to identify risk factors associated with death. Multi-locus sequence typing and antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed on all organisms. Of 102 iNTS patients, 71% were HIV-infected, >90% were adults, 71% were male and 33% reported intravenous drug use. Twenty-six/92 (28%) patients with a known outcome died; HIV infection was significantly associated with death (<I>p</I> = 0.039). <I>S</I>. Enteritidis (Sequence Types (ST)11) (48%, 43/89) and <I>S</I>. Typhimurium (ST19, 34 and 1544) (26%, 23/89) were the most commonly identified serovars; <I>S</I>. Typhimurium was significantly more common in HIV-infected individuals (<I>p</I> = 0.003). Isolates from HIV-infected patients were more likely to exhibit reduced susceptibility against trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole than HIV-negative patients (<I>p</I> = 0.037). We conclude that iNTS disease is a severe infection in Vietnam with a high mortality rate. As in sub-Saharan Africa, HIV infection was a risk factor for death, with the majority of the burden in this population found in HIV-infected adult men.</P></▼1><▼2><P><B>Author Summary</B></P><P>Invasive non-typhoidal <I>Salmonella</I> (iNTS) infections occur when <I>Salmonella</I> bacteria, which normally cause diarrhea, enter the bloodstream and spread through the body. Invasive NTS infections have become a common cause of infection and death in children with malaria and adults with HIV in sub-Saharan Africa. However, it is unknown whether iNTS is as common or as severe outside sub-Saharan Africa. We evaluated over 100 iNTS cases from an infectious disease hospital in southern Vietnam admitted between 2008–2013. We used hospital records to determine the clinical features of iNTS disease and to identify risk factors associated with death and performed typing of the isolated organisms. The majority of patients were HIV positive (72/102, 71%), >90% of patients were adults, 71% were male and 33% reported intravenous drug use. The mortality rate of iNTS patients was 28% (26/92), and HIV infection was a significant risk factor for fatal outcome (<I>p</I> = 0.039). The serovars most commonly identified were <I>S</I>. Enteritidis and <I>S</I>. Typhimurium; <I>S</I>. Typhimurium was found more frequently in HIV-positive individuals (<I>p</I> = 0.003). We report that iNTS disease is a severe infection in Vietnam with a high mortality rate. Similar to sub-Saharan Africa, HIV infection was a strong risk factor for death.</P></▼2>
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Yu, Liming,Tu, Qisheng,Han, Qianqian,Zhang, Lan,Sui, Lei,Zheng, Leilei,Meng, Shu,Tang, Yin,Xuan, Dongying,Zhang, Jin,Murray, Dana,Shen, Qingping,Cheng, Jessica,Kim, Sung-Hoon,Dong, Lily Q.,Valverde, P Wiley (John WileySons) 2015 Stem Cells Vol.33 No.1
<P>Adiponectin (APN) is an adipocyte-secreted adipokine that exerts well-characterized antidiabetic properties. Patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) are characterized by reduced APN levels in circulation and impaired stem cell and progenitor cell mobilization from the bone marrow for tissue repair and remodeling. In this study, we found that APN regulates the mobilization and recruitment of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) to participate in tissue repair and regeneration. APN facilitated BMSCs migrating from the bone marrow into the circulation to regenerate bone by regulating stromal cell-derived factor (SDF)-1 in a mouse bone defect model. More importantly, we found that systemic APN infusion ameliorated diabetic mobilopathy of BMSCs, lowered glucose concentration, and promoted bone regeneration in diet-induced obesity mice. In vitro studies allowed us to identify Smad1/5/8 as a novel signaling mediator of APN receptor (AdipoR)-1 in BMSCs and osteoblasts. APN stimulation of MC3T3-E1 osteoblastic cells led to Smad1/5/8 phosphorylation and nuclear localization and increased SDF1 mRNA expression. Although APN-mediated phosphorylation of Smad1/5/8 occurred independently from adaptor protein, phosphotyrosine interaction, pleckstrin homology domain, and leucine zipper containing 1, it correlated with the disassembly of protein kinase casein kinase 2 and AdipoR1 in immunoprecipitation experiments. Taken together, this study identified APN as a regulator of BMSCs migration in response to bone injury. Therefore, our findings suggest APN signaling could be a potential therapeutic target to improve bone regeneration and homeostasis, especially in obese and T2D patients.</P>
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Qin Yilin,Liao Wei,Lan Tu,Li Fengzhen,Li Feize,Yang Jijun,Liao Jiali,Yang Yuanyou,Liu Ning 한국원자력학회 2022 Nuclear Engineering and Technology Vol.54 No.12
Hydroxyurea (HU) is a novel salt-free reductant used potentially for the separation of U/Pu in the advanced PUREX process. In this work, the radiation stability of HU were systematically investigated in solution by examining the effects of the type of rays (a, b, and g irradiations), the absorbed dose (10 e50 kGy), and the HNO3 concentration (0e3 mol L1 ). The influence degree on HU radiolysis rates followed the order of the absorbed dose > the ray type > the HNO3 concentration, but the latter two had moderate effects on HU radiolysis products where NH4 þ and NO2 were found to be the most abundant ones, suggesting that the differences of a, b, and g rays should be considered in the study of irradiation effects. The radiolysis mechanism was explored using density functional theory (DFT) calculations, and it proposed the dominant radiolysis paths of HU, indicating that the radiolysis of HU was mainly a free radical reaction among $H, eaq e , H2O, intermediates, and the radiolytic free radical fragments of HU. The results reported here provide valuable insights into the mechanistic understanding of HU radiolysis under a, b, and g irradiations and reliable data support for the application of HU in the reprocessing of spent fuel.
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Xu Zhou,Wenbiao Jin,Lan Wang,Lin Che,Chuan Chen,Shao-feng Li,Xue-Ting Wang,Renjie Tu,Song-fang Han,Xiaochi Feng,Nan-Qi Ren 한국화학공학회 2020 Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol.37 No.4
Alum sludge produced by drinking water plants needs to be conditioned and dewatered before final disposal. In this study, a novel ferrous iron/peroxymonosulfate (PMS) oxidation process was employed to enhance alum sludge dewaterability. The effect of oxidative sulfate radicals generated by Fe2+ activated HSO5 on alum sludge was studied. The results showed that the optimal conditioning conditions for addition of Fe2+ and PMS were 0.5 g/g and 0.1 g/g TSS, respectively. Meanwhile, the capillary suction time (CST) and specific resistance to filtration (SRF) of alum sludge was reduced by 66% and 88%. Also found was that the absolute value of the zeta potential increased and the particle size decreased in alum sludge after Fe2+-PMS conditioning, which indicated that oxidative sulfate radicals destroyed the floc structure of alum sludge and smaller particles were generated. At the same time, the water contained in sludge flocs was released and enhanced sludge dewaterability, while leaching of aluminum ions also characterized decomposition of alum sludge.
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Zeng Yang,Yuan Guoyuan,Lan Tu,Li Feize,Yang Jijun,Liao Jiali,Yang Yuanyou,Liu Ning 한국원자력학회 2022 Nuclear Engineering and Technology Vol.54 No.11
A kind of zirconium phosphate mesoporous coordination polymer Zr-EDTMPA was successfully synthesized and characterized using XRD, FTIR, TGA, EA, SEMeEDS, and N2 sorption-desorption measurements. The prepared Zr-EDTMPA was first employed for the removal of Co(II) from an aqueous solution, and the effects of pH, contact time, temperature, initial Co(II) concentration, reusability, and sorption mechanism were systematically investigated. The results showed that the Zr-EDTMPA is a zirconium phosphate complex formed by the coordination of EDTMPA to Zr in a molar ratio of 1:1. The sorption of Co(II) by Zr-EDTMPA was a pH-dependent, spontaneous and endothermic process, which was better fitted to the pseudo-second-order kinetic model and Langmuir isotherm model. The Zr-EDTMPA was demonstrated to have excellent reusability and presented a high sorption capacity of 73.0 mgg-1 for Co(II) at pH 8.0. The sorption mechanism was mainly attributed to the strong coordination between cobalt and the untapped hydroxyl functional groups on Zr-EDTMPA, which was confirmed by XPS spectra. Therefore, as a candidate sorbent with high sorption capacity and excellent reusability, ZrEDTMPA has a great potential for the removal of Co(II) from aqueous solutions.
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Xu Zhou,Wenbiao Jin,Lan Wang,Wanqing Ding,Chuan Chen,Xijun Xu,Renjie Tu,Song-fang Han,Xiaochi Feng,Duu-Jong Lee 한국화학공학회 2020 Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol.37 No.9
Enhancement of sludge dewaterability is key for sludge management and disposal of wastewater treatment plants (WWTP). In this study, the Fe2+-peroxymonosulfate (PMS) conditioning approach was first used to oxidize the primary sludge from the primary sedimentation tank of a full scale WWTP. The combination of Fe2+ (0.05-0.5 g/g TSS) and PMS (0.05-0.5 g/g TSS) could significantly improve the dewaterability of primary sludge. The optimal addition amount of Fe2+ and PMS was 0.1 g/g TSS and 0.25 g/g TSS, respectively, under which the capillary suction time (CST) and specific resistance to filtration (SRF) of the sludge was reduced by 79% and 95%. The physicochemical properties (particle size, zeta potential, EPS composition) of the primary sludge before and after oxidative conditioning were measured. Results showed that sulfate radicals generated from Fe2+-PMS system effectively reduced organic matter in different EPS fractions, further destroying sludge floc cells. Then the bound water in the sludge flocs was released, thereby improving the sludge dewaterability. The microscopic morphology also indicated that the sludge flocs have a blocky structure with tight texture before conditioning. After conditioning, the sludge flocs become smaller, and many irregular pores are formed on the surface, which facilitates the passage of internal moisture. Economic analysis showed that Fe2++PMS conditioning is more economical than the traditional Fenton method.
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