Analysis of genetic diversity among indigenous landraces from sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) core collection in China as revealed by SRAP and SSR markers

Yan‐xin Zhang,Wei Hua,Lin‐han Wang,Zhuo Che,Xiu‐rong Zhang 한국유전학회 2010 Genes & Genomics Vol.32 No.3

The molecular genetic diversity of 404 indigenous landraces from sesame core collection in China were evaluated by 11SRAP and 3 SSR markers, 175 fragments were generated, of which 126 were polymorphic with an average polymorphism rate of 72%. Jaccard’s genetic similarity coefficients (GS=0.7130), Nei's gene diversity (h=0.2418) and Shannon's Information index (I=0.3847) were calculated, a dendrogram of the 404 landraces was made, landraces from various zones were distributed throughout the dendrogram, accessions from different agro‐ecological zones were indistinguishable by cluster analysis, geographical separation did not generally result in greater genetic distance, a similar pattern was obtained using principal coordinates (PCO) analysis. As to seven agro‐ecological zones, the maximum Nei’s gene diversity (h = 0.2613)and Shannon index (I = 0.3980) values in zone VII indicated that they were genetically more diverse than those in other zones, while the least genetically diverse region was zone III (h = 0.1772, I = 0.2858). Nei's genetic identity and genetic distance among landraces from seven agro‐ecological zones were also analyzed, the genetic relationship of seven zones was inferred using the UPGMA method. This study demonstrated that SRAP and SSR markers were appropriate for evaluation of sesame genetic diversities. There existed extensive genetic diverse among indigenous landraces and the abundance of genetic diversity of landraces in different agro‐ecological zones was various. Understanding of these characteristics of indigenous landraces in China can provide theoretical foundation for further collection, effective protection and reasonable utilization of these sesame landraces in breeding.

FADD Phosphorylation Modulates Blood Glucose Levels by Decreasing the Expression of InsulinDegrading Enzyme

Lin, Yan,Liu, Jia,Chen, Jia,Yao, Chun,Yang, Yunwen,Wang, Jie,Zhuang, Hongqin,Hua, Zi-Chun Korean Society for Molecular and Cellular Biology 2020 Molecules and cells Vol.43 No.4

Our previous study revealed a novel role of Fas-associated death domain-containing protein (FADD) in islet development and insulin secretion. Insulin-degrading enzyme (IDE) is a zinc metalloprotease that selectively degrades biologically important substrates associated with type 2 diabetes (T2DM). The current study was designed to investigate the effect of FADD phosphorylation on IDE. We found that the mRNA and protein levels of IDE were significantly downregulated in FADD-D mouse livers compared with control mice. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction analysis showed that FADD regulates the expression of IDE at the transcriptional level without affecting the stability of the mRNA in HepG2 cells. Following treatment with cycloheximide, the IDE protein degradation rate was found to be increased in both FADD-D primary hepatocytes and FADD-knockdown HepG2 cells. Additionally, IDE expression levels were reduced in insulin-stimulated primary hepatocytes from FADD-D mice compared to those from control mice. Moreover, FADD phosphorylation promotes nuclear translocation of FoxO1, thus inhibiting the transcriptional activity of the IDE promoter. Together, these findings imply a novel role of FADD in the reduction of protein stability and expression levels of IDE.

Isoprenaline Induces Periostin Expression in Gastric Cancer

Lin Chen,Guo-Xiao Liu,Hong-Qing Xi,Xiao-Yan Sun,Zhi-Jun Geng,Shao-Wei Yang,Yan-Jie Lu,Bo Wei 연세대학교의과대학 2016 Yonsei medical journal Vol.57 No.3

Purpose: Periostin mediates critical steps in gastric cancer and is involved in various signaling pathways. However, the roles of periostin in promoting gastric cancer metastasis are not clear. The aim of this study was to investigate the relevance between periostinexpression and gastric cancer progression and the role of stress-related hormones in the regulation of cancer development and progression. Materials and Methods: Normal, cancerous and metastatic gastric tissues were collected from patients diagnosed with advanced gastric cancer. The in vivo expression of periostin was evaluated by in situ hybridization and immunofluorescent staining. Meanwhile,human gastric adenocarcinoma cell lines MKN-45 and BGC-803 were used to detect the in vitro expression of periostin by using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and western blotting. Results: Periostin is expressed in the stroma of the primary gastric tumors and metastases, but not in normal gastric tissue. In addition,we observed that periostin is located mainly in pericryptal fibroblasts, but not in the tumor cells, and strongly correlated to the expression of α-smooth muscle actin (SMA). Furthermore, the distribution patterns of periostin were broader as the clinical staging of tumors progressed. We also identified a role of stress-related signaling in promoting cancer development and progression,and found that isoprenaline upregulated expression levels of periostin in gastric cancer cells. Conclusion: These findings suggest that the distribution pattern of periostin was broader as the clinical staging of the tumor progressedand found that isoprenaline upregulated expression levels of periostin in gastric cancer cells.

Ultrafast liquid chromatographytandem mass spectrometry determination of donepezil in human plasma: application to a bioequivalence study

Yan-Wen Huang,Li Ding,Yuan-Ming Chen,Wei-chen Lin,Fei Lin,Yunsheng Hsieh 대한임상약리학회 2022 Translational and Clinical Pharmacology Vol.30 No.1

A liquid chromatography equipped with tandem mass spectrometric method using multistage flow rates was developed for the determination of donepezil in human plasma to support a randomized, crossover bioequivalence (BE) study in which healthy volunteers each received a single oral dose of the reference and test formulations of 10 mg donepezil hydrochloride. This integrated liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) system with electrospray ionization and a deuterium-labeled internal standard (IS) were employed for the positive multiple-reaction-monitoring (MRM) analyses. The baseline separation using a high-resolution monolithic column under gradient and flexible flowrate conditions between donepezil and multiple interfering peaks from the extracted quality control, calibration standard and study plasma samples following simple protein precipitation extraction procedures was accomplished within 1.5 minutes. The ultrafast monolithic column performance in terms of chromatographic separation efficiency, peak asymmetry and resolution and retention time reproducibility was found to be sustainable. The linear dynamic range was detected over a concentration range of 0.2–50 ng/mL. The intra- and inter-day assay accuracy and precision were within 15% for the analyte in individual biological fluids. A positive correlation coefficient (r) greater than 0.995 for donepezil concentrations in study plasma samplers measured by the proposed and the other validated LC-MS/MS methods in support of a bioequivalence study was observed.

HPLC Determination and Steady-State Bioavailability Study of Levodropropizine Sustained-release Tablets in Dogs

Lin Yan,Tongling Li,Rongqin Zhang,Xiaohong Xu,Pengcheng Zheng 대한약학회 2006 Archives of Pharmacal Research Vol.29 No.6

A simple HPLC method using UV detection was developed and validated for the determination of levodropropizine (LDP) in dog plasma. The sample was prepared for injection using a liquid-liquid extraction method with 1-phenypiperazine as the internal standard. The mobile phase was methanol - diethylamine solution (0.05 M) (20:80, v/v, pH adjusted to 3.0 with H3PO4) with a detection wavelength of 240 nm. The limit of quantitation (LOQ) of LDP in a biological matrix was determined to be 25.25 ng/mL. The calibration curve was linear across the concentration range of 25.25 to 2020 ng/mL. The intra-day and inter-day precision values (CV %) were within 7% and accuracy (R.E. %) was within 6% of the nominal values for medium (252.5 ng/mL) and high (2020 ng/mL) LDP concentrations. For the LDP concentration at the LOQ, the intra-day and inter-day precision and accuracy were within 20% and 10%, respectively. The average absolute recovery for LDP was 70.28%. This method was successfully used to analyze plasma samples in a steady-state bioavailability study of a newly developed sustained-release LDP tablets (SR) using immediate-release tablets (IR) as the reference. The relative bioavailability of the SR was determined to be 106.3 ± 12.8% (n=6). The Cmax of the SR was significantly lower (P<0.05), and the tmax was significantly longer than that of the IR (P<0.05). The results of ANOVA and two one-sided tests indicated that the SR exhibited acceptable sustained release properties and was bioequivalent to the IR.

Somatic embryogenesis and in vitro plant regeneration from various explants of the halophyte Leymus chinensis (Trin.)

Yan Lin Sun,홍순관 한국식물생명공학회 2009 식물생명공학회지 Vol.36 No.3

The halophyte Leymus chinensis (Trin.) is a perennial rhizome grass (tribe Gramineae) that is widely distributed throughout China, Mongolia and Siberia. This study was conducted to investigate an optimal condition for plant regeneration from mature seeds, leaf base segments, and root segments in L. chinensis. Plant growth regulators affecting embryogenic callus induction and plant regeneration were investigated by four-factor-three-level [L9 (34)] orthogonal test in this study. The effects of explants types (mature seeds, leaf base segments and root segments), callus types, medium types were examined in this study. Wild type (WT) and Jisheng No. 1 plants (JS) were used for primary callus induction. A clear explants difference was seen during callus induction; mature seeds were considered as the preferred explants; and the highest frequency of callus induction was obtained in Medium 6 using mature seeds as explants in WT. Plant regeneration ability was evaluated by frequencies of green callus forming, shooting, rooting, and shooting with roots. Effect of α-naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) on shoot regeneration was remarkable with the highest frequency of 70.8% in WT after 2-month culture. The medium with 0.2- 0.5 mg/L NAA was found to have the highest shoot induction. All regenerated shoots were successfully rooted when transferred on half-strength Murashige and Skoog (MS) basal medium. The acclimatized plantlets were grown to mature with flowering and seeds setting in green house conditions.

Shoot organogenesis response evaluated by a simplified approach in JS tissue culture system of Leymus chinensis Trin

Yan Lin Sun,Soon Kwan Hong 한국육종학회 2009 한국육종학회 학술발표회 발표요지 Vol.41 No.1

Genetic Diversity and Phylogenetic Relationships between Chinese Cabbages [B. campestris (syn. rapa) L.] and Cabbages (B. oleracea L.) in Korea

Yan-Lin Sun,Shi-Lin Zheng,Kyong-Cheul Park,Ki-Young Choi,Ho-Min Kang,Soon-Kwan Hong 한국원예학회 2016 원예과학기술지 Vol.34 No.2

Members of the genus Brassica, which are known as oil crops or cruciferous vegetables, are widely cultivated in Canada, Australia, Asian and Europe. Because Brassica species have high yields, are well adapted to their environments, and are self-incompatible, the germplasm is abundant. Previous studies have reported abundant genetic diversity even within Brassica subspecies. In Korea, fresh cabbage leaves are eaten with roast meat, and to meet the current popular demand, new varieties are being increasingly bred. To determine the genetic diversity and relationships among the cabbage vegetables in Korea, we evaluated the genetic variation of 18 accessions based on 5S and 18S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) gene sequences. We detected many variable nucleotide sites, especially in the 5S rRNA gene sequences. Because the length of the 18S rRNA gene might influence the dissimilarity rate statistics, we used both the 5S and 18S sequences to analyze the phylogenetic relationships. S7 (B. oleracea) showed the most distant phylogenetic relationship with the other Brassica species. Interestingly, B2 (B. oleracea), B15, and B18 (B. campestris) have three different types of leaf profiles, and were divided into one group, and the other Brassica species formed another group. Statistical analysis of interspecies and intraspecies genetic distances revealed that B. campestris L. showed higher genetic diversity than B. oleracea L. This work provides additional data that facilitates the evaluation of the genetic variation and relationships among Brassica species. The results could be used in functional plant breeding programs to improve Brassica crops.

Optimization of EDM parameters for ZrO2 and Al2O3 ceramics using Taguchi method

Yan-Cherng Lin,Jung-Chou Hung,Han-Ming Chow,A-Cheng Wang 한양대학교 세라믹연구소 2015 Journal of Ceramic Processing Research Vol.16 No.2

Electrical Discharge Machining (EDM) is the most commonly used technique in mold and die manufacturing. The purpose of this investigation was to optimize the machining parameters of EDM on zirconium dioxide (ZrO2) and aluminum oxide (Al2O3). During the EDM process, the surface of electrically nonconductive ceramic was covered with adhesive conductive copper (Cu) and aluminum (Al) foils to attain the threshold of electrical conductivity for the EDM process. The machining characteristics associated with the EDM process such as material removal rate (MRR) and surface roughness (SR) were explored through the experimental study according to an L18 orthogonal array using the Taguchi method. The analysis of variance (ANOVA) was conducted to examine the significant machining parameters which affect the machining characteristics. As the experimental results show, peak current and pulse duration significantly affected MRR and SR. In addition, the optimal combination levels of machining parameters were also determined from the response graph of signal-to-noise (S/N) ratios for each level of machining parameters. A practical and convenient process for shaping the electrically nonconductive ceramics was developed which featured high efficiency, high precision, and high-quality of surface integrity.

A numerical study of the second-order wave excitation of ship springing by a higher-order boundary element method

Yan-Lin Shao,Odd M. Faltinsen 대한조선학회 2014 International Journal of Naval Architecture and Oc Vol.6 No.4

This paper presents some of the efforts by the authors towards numerical prediction of springing of ships. A time-domain Higher Order Boundary Element Method (HOBEM) based on cubic shape function is first presented tosolve a complete second-order problem in terms of wave steepness and ship motions in a consistent manner. In order toavoid high order derivatives on the body surfaces, e.g. mj-terms, a new formulation of the Boundary Value Problem in abody-fixed coordinate system has been proposed instead of traditional formulation in inertial coordinate system. Thelocal steady flow effects on the unsteady waves are taken into account. Double-body flow is used as the basis flowwhich is an appropriate approximation for ships with moderate forward speed. This numerical model was used toestimate the complete second order wave excitation of springing of a displacement ship at constant forward speeds.