국내 분리 일본뇌염 바이러스 유전자에 대한 항체생성 연구(Ⅰ) : cloning of JEV viral genes

박찬,최우영,이호동,채수림,신은진,김인범,표재환,박근용,조해월 국립보건연구원 1999 국립보건원보 Vol.36 No.-

Bacillus cereus and Bacillus thuringiensis spores in Korean rice: Prevalence and toxin production as affected by production area and degree of milling

Kim, B.,Bang, J.,Kim, H.,Kim, Y.,Kim, B.s.,Beuchat, L.R.,Ryu, J.H. Academic Press 2014 FOOD MICROBIOLOGY Vol.42 No.-

We determined the prevalence of and toxin production by Bacillus cereus and Bacillus thuringiensis in Korean rice as affected by production area and degree of milling. Rough rice was collected from 64 farms in 22 agricultural areas and polished to produce brown and white rice. In total, rice samples were broadly contaminated with B. cereus spores, with no effect of production area. The prevalence and counts of B. cereus spores declined as milling progressed. Frequencies of hemolysin BL (HBL) production by isolates were significantly (P @? 0.01) reduced as milling progressed. This pattern corresponded with the presence of genes encoding the diarrheal enterotoxins. The frequency of B. cereus isolates positive for hblC, hblD, or nheB genes decreased as milling progressed. Because most B. cereus isolates from rice samples contained six enterotoxin genes, we concluded that B. cereus in rice produced in Korea is predominantly of the diarrheagenic type. The prevalence of B. thuringiensis in rice was significantly lower than that of B. cereus and not correlated with production area. All B. thuringiensis isolates were of the diarrheagenic type. This study provides information useful for predicting safety risks associated with B. cereus and B. thuringiensis in rough and processed Korean rice.

산란간격을 단축시킨 오스트랄롭 선발계통에서 주요 조직적합성 복합(MHC)과 생산형질의 관련성

유병현,Sheldon, B. L. 한국축산학회 1998 한국축산학회지 Vol.40 No.5

Frequencies of three major histocompatibility complex (MHC) haplotypes (B^(8a) B^(9a) and B^(21)) segregating in three Australorp lines of the same origin were compared. Frequencies of B^(8a) and B^(9a) were higher in the AS line selected mainly for short oviposition interval than the AC line, a randombred control line. Frequencies of B^(9a) and B^(21) were higher in the ASS line, a commercial dam line derived from the AS line, than in the AS line itself. The differences in MHC haplotype frequency between the AS and AC tine were consistent with within-line estimates of the effect of the MHC on oviposition interval. However, the differences between the AS and ASS line could not be explained in terms of the effects of the MHC on the characters included in the selection criteria. It was suggested that interplay between a difference in susceptibility to avian leukosis virus (ALV) between MHC haplotypes and selection on a character affected by ALV infection could have been a contributing factor. The average effects of haplotype substitution (relative to B^(8a)) estimated within lines were consistent over the two selection lines for some characters (e.g. pooled estimates for oviposition interval were -0.11 h and 0.09 h for B^(9a) and B^(21), respectively), but different between the two lines for some other characters such as rate of lay, fertility and hatchability.

Interference excitation of a square section cylinder

R. Ajith Kumar,B. H. L.Gowda,손창현 대한기계학회 2008 JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Vol.22 No.3

Wind tunnel experiments were conducted to study the interference excitation of a square section cylinder (test cylinder) and the results are reported in this paper. The study was carried out at some specific relative positions identified between the test cylinder (side dimension B) and the interfering cylinder (side dimension b) so that the latter is never upstream of the former. Experiments were carried out for the b/B ratios of 0.5, 1.0, 1.5 & 2.0. In this paper, emphasis is laid on bringing out the influence of b/B ratio on the vibratory response of the test cylinder, considering a few interference positions. The results show that at a particular relative position, the magnitude of vibrations and the response trend of the test cylinder are markedly influenced by the b/B ratio. Under certain combinations of b/B ratio, relative position and reduced velocity, test cylinder vibrations are considerably magnified and in certain other combinations they are suppressed. Flow visualization results are provided in an attempt to bring out the influence of b/B ratio and also to explain the observed vibratory features of the test cylinder.

한국 재래산양의 이유 후 초기사료개발을 위한 기초 연구

조익환,황보순,손장호,송해범,안종호,최일신,이주삼 ( l . H . Jo,S . Hwangbo,J . H . Son,H . B . Song,J . H . Ahn,I . S . Choe,J . S . Lee ) 한국영양사료학회 1998 韓國營養飼料學會誌 Vol.22 No.3

The Expression of Genes Related to Egg Production in the Liver of Taiwan Country Chickens

Ding, S.T.,Ko, Y.H.,Ou, B.R.,Wang, P.H.,Chen, C.L.,Huang, M.C.,Lee, Y.P.,Lin, E.C.,Chen, C.F.,Lin, H.W.,Cheng, Winston Teng Kuei Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2008 Animal Bioscience Vol.21 No.1

The purpose of this study was to detect expression of genes related to egg production in Taiwan Country chickens by suppression subtractive hybridization. Liver samples of mRNA extraction from two Taiwan Country chicken strains (L2 and B), originated from the same population but with very distinct egg production rates after long-term selection for egg and meat production respectively. Two-way subtraction was performed. The hepatic cDNA from the low egg production chickens (B) was subtracted from the hepatic cDNA from the high egg production strain (L2). The reversed subtraction (L2 from B) was also performed. The resulting differentially expressed gene fragments were cloned and sequenced. We sequenced 288 clones from the forward subtraction and 96 clones from the reverse subtraction. These genes were subjected to further screening to confirm the differential expression between the two genetic breeds of chickens. The apolipoprotein B (apoB) was expressed to a greater extent in the liver of the L2 than in the B line chickens. The 5-aminoimidazole- 4-carboxamide ribonucleotide formyltransferase/IMP cyclohydrolase (PURH) was expressed to a greater extent in the liver of the B than in the L2 strain chickens. We demonstrated that both apoB and PURH were more highly expressed in the liver than that in other tissues (muscle, ovary, and oviduct) in laying Taiwan Country chickens. Taken together, these data suggest that after the selection for egg production, expression of apoB and PURH genes were also changed. Whether the changed expression of these genes is directly related to egg production is not known, but these two genes may be useful markers for egg laying performance in Taiwan Country chickens.

Pathway analysis of genome‐wide association datasets of personality traits

Kim, H.‐,N.,Kim, B.‐,H.,Cho, J.,Ryu, S.,Shin, H.,Sung, J.,Shin, C.,Cho, N. H.,Sung, Y. A.,Choi, B.‐,O.,Kim, H.‐,L. Blackwell Publishing Ltd 2015 Genes, brain, and behavior Vol.14 No.4

<P><B>Abstract</B></P><P>Although several genome‐wide association (GWA) studies of human personality have been recently published, genetic variants that are highly associated with certain personality traits remain unknown, due to difficulty reproducing results. To further investigate these genetic variants, we assessed biological pathways using GWA datasets. Pathway analysis using GWA data was performed on 1089 Korean women whose personality traits were measured with the Revised NEO Personality Inventory for the 5‐factor model of personality. A total of 1042 pathways containing 8297 genes were included in our study. Of these, 14 pathways were highly enriched with association signals that were validated in 1490 independent samples. These pathways include association of: Neuroticism with axon guidance [L1 cell adhesion molecule (L1CAM) interactions]; Extraversion with neuronal system and voltage‐gated potassium channels; Agreeableness with L1CAM interaction, neurotransmitter receptor binding and downstream transmission in postsynaptic cells; and Conscientiousness with the interferon‐gamma and platelet‐derived growth factor receptor beta polypeptide pathways. Several genes that contribute to top‐ranked pathways in this study were previously identified in GWA studies or by pathway analysis in schizophrenia or other neuropsychiatric disorders. Here we report the first pathway analysis of all five personality traits. Importantly, our analysis identified novel pathways that contribute to understanding the etiology of personality traits.</P>

Theropod trackways associated with a <i>Gallimimus</i> foot skeleton from the Nemegt Formation, Mongolia

Lee, Hang-Jae,Lee, Yuong-Nam,Adams, Thomas L.,Currie, Philip J.,Kobayashi, Yoshitsugu,Jacobs, Louis L.,Koppelhus, Eva B. Elsevier 2018 Palaeogeography, palaeoclimatology, palaeoecology Vol.494 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>A theropod tracksite was discovered in the Nemegt Formation (Maastrichtian) at Bügiin Tsav, Mongolia by the Korea-Mongolia International Dinosaur Project in 2009. A total of 67 tracks (14 trackways [one didactylous, 13 tridactylous] and 12 isolated tracks) belonging to four ichnomorphotypes were mapped on a single horizon. This indicates at least four different theropod trackmakers lived in the same area at the same time. This tracksite consists of laminated gray mudstone-yellowish brown siltstone couplets interbedded with eolian yellowish brown sandstone deposited on a distal floodplain. Abundant footprints with V-shaped profiles (cross-section) within in the vertical section indicate that dinosaurs repeatedly walked across in this area. Before the discovery of the tracks, the site was illegally excavated by fossil poachers, a widespread problem in the Gobi Desert. During excavation of the track horizon, a clenched, inclined <I>Gallimimus</I> foot skeleton was found in the mudstone, extended down 20cm below the track-bearing sandstone layer. The occurrence of tracks closely associated with body fossils is unusual and taphonomically intriguing. It is possible that the foot skeleton represents an animal that died in its tracks. However, the depth of the foot in mud is probably too shallow for the animal to have been mired. Sedimentological and taphonomic evidence also suggests that the pes of <I>Gallimimus</I> may have passed straight through the track-bearing sandstone layer. The inclined right pes indicates that the body lay on its left side on the substrate. During decomposition in the mud, all digits were flexed but the distal phalanges were stuck and anchored in the stiff lower mud. Consequently, as more proximal phalanges were able to accommodate flexing, they were pulled away and dislocated from the anchored distal phalanges. Subsequent trampling by dinosaurs in the track-bearing sandstone would have further distorted the underlying foot.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> The first report of theropod trackways from the Nemegt Formation in Bügiin Tsav, Mongolia </LI> <LI> Taphonomic interpretation of a <I>Gallimimus</I> foot skeleton associated with theropod tracks </LI> <LI> An interpretation of disarticulation and distortion of the foot skeleton is proposed. </LI> </UL> </P>

Photoluminescence and white light generation behavior of lithium gadolinium silicoborate glasses

Shamshad, L.,Rooh, G.,Kirdsiri, K.,Srisittipokakun, N.,Damdee, B.,Kim, H.J.,Kaewkhao, J. Elsevier 2017 JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS Vol.695 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>The Dy<SUP>3+</SUP>-doped lithium gadolinium silica borate glasses with composition (in mol%) 40Li<SUB>2</SUB>O:15Gd<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>3</SUB>:5SiO<SUB>2</SUB>: (40-x)B<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>3</SUB>:xDy<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>3</SUB>, x = 0.01, 0.1, 0.5, 1.0, 2.0 were prepared by melt quenching technique and characterized through absorption and emission spectra, CIE chromaticity coordinates and decay rate analysis. Judd-Oflet parameters have been calculated for lithium gadolinium silico borate glass and used for the derivation of radiative properties for excited luminescent levels of Dy<SUP>3+</SUP> ions. The feasibility of white light generation have been evaluated by the yellow-to-blue emission intensity ratios and CIE chromaticity coordinates as a function of Dy<SUP>3+</SUP> concentration. The non-exponential decay rates are well-fitted to Inokuti-Hirayama model for S = 6. The perceived non-exponential decay nature and life time quenching have been ascribed to the energy transfer between excited and unexcited Dy<SUP>3+</SUP> ions through dipole–dipole interaction. The CCT values for the present studied glasses obtained in the 4584-4235 K at λ<SUB>exc</SUB> = 387 nm. These CCT values are below the warm CCT (i.e CCT 4000 K). The reasonably good luminescence properties of LGSiBDy10 glass indicates the potentiality of the title of glass to be applied as lasing medium for white light generation.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Spectroscopic properties of Dy<SUP>3+</SUP> ion in Li<SUB>2</SUB>OGd<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>3</SUB> SiO<SUB>2</SUB> B<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>3</SUB> were studied. </LI> <LI> JO analysis were used to analyze spectroscopic properties. </LI> <LI> White emission was observed from glass sample. </LI> <LI> Lasing properties were characterized. </LI> </UL> </P>

The <i>FRP1</i> F‐box gene has different functions in sexuality, pathogenicity and metabolism in three fungal pathogens

JONKERS, WILFRIED,VAN KAN, JAN A. L.,TIJM, PATRICK,LEE, YIN‐,WON,TUDZYNSKI, PAUL,REP, MARTIJN,MICHIELSE, CAROLINE B. Blackwell Publishing Ltd 2011 Molecular plant pathology Vol.12 No.6

<P><B>SUMMARY</B></P><P>Plant‐pathogenic fungi employ a variety of infection strategies; as a result, fungi probably rely on different sets of proteins for successful infection. The F‐box protein Frp1, only present in filamentous fungi belonging to the Sordariomycetes, Leotiomycetes and Dothideomycetes, is required for nonsugar carbon catabolism and pathogenicity in the root‐infecting fungus <I>Fusarium oxysporum</I>. To assess the role of Frp1 in other plant‐pathogenic fungi, <I>FRP1</I> deletion mutants were generated in <I>Fusarium graminearum</I> and <I>Botrytis cinerea</I>, and their phenotypes were analysed. Deletion of <I>FgFRP1</I> in <I>F. graminearum</I> led to impaired infection of barley roots, but not of aerial plant parts. Deletion of <I>BcFRP1</I> in <I>B. cinerea</I> did not show any effect on pathogenicity. Sexual reproduction, however, was impaired in both <I>F. graminearum</I> and<I> B. cinerea FRP1</I> deletion mutants. The mutants of all three fungi displayed different phenotypes when grown on an array of carbon sources. The <I>F. oxysporum</I> and <I>B. cinerea</I> deletion mutants showed opposite growth phenotypes on sugar and nonsugar carbon sources. Replacement of <I>FoFRP1</I> in <I>F. oxysporum</I> with the <I>B. cinerea BcFRP1</I> resulted in the restoration of pathogenicity, but also in a switch from impaired growth on nonsugar carbon sources to impaired growth on sugar carbon sources. This effect could be ascribed in part to the <I>B. cinerea BcFRP1</I> promoter sequence. In conclusion, the function of the F‐box protein Frp1, despite its high sequence conservation, is not conserved between different fungi, leading to differential requirements for pathogenicity and carbon source utilization.</P>