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학령전환기 아동의 사회적 유능감이 행복감에 미치는 영향 : 학교적응의 매개효과 중심으로
김경화 ( Kim¸ Kyunghwa ) 인하대학교 교육연구소 2020 교육문화연구 Vol.26 No.4
본 연구는 학령 전환기 아동이 새로운 환경에 적응하는 것이 중요하다는 점을 반영하여 사회적 유능감이 학교적응을 매개로 행복감에 미치는 영향을 분석하였다. 특히, 학교는 유아학교에서 초등 교육기관으로 전환 되었다는 점에서 중요한 변수 이므로 학교적응 전체뿐만 아니라 하위 요인별로 매개효과를 검증 하였다. 연구방법으로는 육아정책연구소의 한국아동페널 7차년도(2014년)와 8차년도(2015년) 데이터를 사용하였다. 변인과 관련하여 결측값이 발생한 데이터를 제거하여 총 866명의 응답 자료를 바탕으로 Hayes(2018)가 제안한 PROCESS macro의 model 4번을 이용하여 분석하였으며, 간접효과는 부스트랩 샘플을 5,000개로 지정하여 분석하였다. 연구결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 학교적응은 사회적 유능감이 아동의 행복감에 영향을 미치는 매개효과가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 이때 매개효과는 부분매개로 나타났다. 둘째, 학교생활적응은 유아기의 사회적 유능감이 아동의 행복감에 영향을 미치는데 있어 매개효과가 나타나지 않았다. 셋째, 학업수행적응은 유아기의 사회적 유능감이 아동의 행복감에 영향을 미치는데 있어 매개효과 있는 것으로 나타났다. 이때 매개효과는 부분매개로 나타났다. 넷째, 또래관계는 유아기의 사회적 유능감이 아동의 행복감에 영향을 미치는데 있어 매개효과 있는 것으로 나타났다. 이때 매개효과는 부분매개로 나타났다. 다섯째, 교사관계는 유아기의 사회적 유능감이 아동의 행복감에 영향을 미치는데 있어 매개효과 있는 것으로 나타났다. 이때 매개효과는 부분매개로 나타났다. 이는 유아기 사회적 유능감이 높을수록 아동의 학교적응과 행복감이 높아질 수 있음을 알 수 있다. This study analyzed the effect of social competence on happiness through the mediating effect of school adaptation, reflecting the importance of adapting to a new environment during the transitional period of school age. Especially, since school is an important variable in that it transitioned from a childhood school to an elementary education institution, the mediating effect was verified not only for the overall school adaptation but also for each sub-variant. As for the research method, Korean Institute of dhild care and education's Korean Children's Panel data from the 7th year(2014) and 8th year(2015) were used. After removing data with missing values related to the variables, The data was analyzed using model 4 of the process macro proposed by Hayes(2018) based on a total of 866 responses. Indirect effects were analyzed with 5,000 bootstrap samples. The findings are as follows. First, school adaptation shows social competence has a mediating effect on child’s happiness. The mediating effect is partial mediation. Second, school life adaptation does not show early childhood’s social competence has a mediating effect on child’s happiness. Third, academic performance adaptation shows that early childhood’s social competence has a mediating effect on child’s happiness. The mediating effect is partial mediation. Fourth, peer adaptation shows social competence has a mediating effect on child’s happiness. The mediating effect is partial mediation. Fifth, teacher adaptation shows early childhood's competence has a mediating effect on child’s happiness. The mediating effect is partial mediation. This study shows that the higher the early childhood’s social competence, the higher child’s school adaptation and happiness.
Kyung Hwa,Hyung-Myung Kim IEEE 2011 IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON WIRELESS COMMUNICATIONS Vol.10 No.7
<P>Use of the space-frequency block coded orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (SFBC-OFDM) is advantageous in high-mobility broadband wireless system but it is sensitive to the intercarrier interference (ICI) caused by phase noise (PHN). In this letter, the effect of PHN for Alamouti SFBC-OFDM system is analyzed and correlative coding (CC) is used to reduce ICI. Based on the expression of the ICI power for the Alamouti SFBC-OFDM system with CC, the optimal CC coefficients that minimize the ICI power are obtained. Numerical results show that optimum CC can effectively increase the carrier-to-interference ratio (CIR) and improve the bit error rate (BER) performance.</P>
독서경험과 교사의 질문유형이 유아의 언어창의성 증진에 미치는 효과
이경화(Lee Kyunghwa),박숙희(Park Sookhee),이명애(Lee Myoungae) 한국창의력교육학회 2002 창의력교육연구 Vol.5 No.1
This research was for finding, in reading education during a picture book activity, how the teachers question types with interaction of the children s experience of reading affected the creativity of language. For this purpose, laying stress on imagination, fluency and originality, which were components of creativity, we established the following research problems. 1. Is there any difference of improving the creativity of language in depending on the teachers question types (divergent and convergent) in reading education? 2. Is there any difference of improving the creativity of language in depending on the children s reading experience (high and low) after reading education? 3. Is there any distinctive effect on improving creativity of language among the four groups composed in depending on the reading experience (high and low) and question types (divergent and convergent)? The subjects of this research were 40 six-year-old children at S kindergarten located at Shingil-dong, Youngdeungpo-gu, in Seoul. Out of all the 65 children of the 2 classes, 40children were selected according as the result of questionnaires for finding the children s reading experiences. And children were divided into four experimental groups (20 children in reading experience group and 20 children in low reading experience group). The research tool which was used in this study was [the integrated creativity test for children] by Kyunghwa Lee et al. to test the children’s creativity. The integrated creativity test as a standardized test was organized to test the children s creative ability and inclination in integration. The sub-groups of creative ability test were language and figure and the sub-factors were imagination, fluency and originality. In this study, only the test of creative ability was used and the test of language creativity was utilized. The experiments were executed ten times (2 or three times a week) for four weeks. The data were analyzed by t-test, ANOVA and ANCOVA. The results of this research were as follows; First, in reading education with a picture book, the children who educated by using convergent questions were improved in the creativity of language more than the children who educated by using divergent questions. Second, the differences between the children who had high reading experience and the children who had low reading experience were significant statistically with P<0.5 in imagination, fluency and originality through reading education for improvement of creativity. Therefore, the children who had high reading experience were improved in the creativity of language through reading education by divergent questions more than the children who had low reading experience. Third, the teachers question types had distinctive influences on the four groups differently in depending on children’s reading experience. In imagination, the differences among groups were significant with P<0.5 statically. In the concrete, the high reading experience group with divergent and convergent questions had some significant differences with the low reading experience group. The results of the study show that the language using method and proper question types of parents and teachers in consideration of the babyhood s distinction were significant factors to improve the children s creativity. Therefore, these results would be very useful for children to form a proper reading habit and sense of value through making good reading environment in childhood. 본 연구의 목적은 동화활동에서 유아의 읽기지도시 교사의 질문유형이 유아의 독서경험과 상호작용에서 언어창의성에 어떠한 영향을 미치는지를 알아보려는 것이다. 연구 대상은 서울시 영등포구 신길동에 소재한 S유치원의 6세반 유아 40명이다. 2개 학급의 전체유아 65명 유아중 독서경험을 알아보기 위한 설문조사 결과에 따라 40명을 선정하여 독서경험 상위집단에 20명, 독서경험 하위집단에 20명을 할당하여 4개의 실험집단을 구성하였다. 본 연구의 결과, 첫째 동화를 활용하여 읽기지도 수렴적 질문을 사용해 읽기지도를 받은 유아는 확산적질문에 의해 읽기지도를 받은 유아에 비해 언어창의성을 더 의의 있게 향상시킬 수 있었다. 둘째, 독서경험이 많은 유아들은 독서경험이 적은 유아들에 비해 창의력 증진을 위한 읽기수업을 통하여 상상력, 유창성, 독창성에 있어서 집단간에 p<.05 수준에서 통계적으로 유의미한 차이가 나타났다. 셋째, 교사의 절문유행은 유아의 독서경험에 따라 네 집단간에 있어서 차별적으로 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 상상력에 있어서 집단간에 p<.05 수준에서 통계적으로 유의미한 차이가 있었다. 즉, 확산적 질문을 받은 독서경험 상집단과 수렴적 질문을 받은 독서경험 상집단에 비해 독서경험 하집단에 있어서 유의미한 차이가 있었다.
Kyunghwa Lee(이경화) 한국현상학회 2021 철학과 현상학 연구 Vol.90 No.-
한나 아렌트의 사유 돌봄이 필수인 간호계에 ‘간호사 간 약자 괴롭힘’이라는 돌봄 부재의 병리적 현상이 만연하고 있음에도 간호교육계와 간호 현장에서는 이렇다 할만한 전략을 내놓지 못하고 있는 것이 현실이다. 이에 필자는 한나 아렌트의 악의 평범성, 무사유, 다원성, 탄생성, 상호이해 등의 개념을 적용·논의함으로써 우리 사회의 필수 인력인 간호사들의 직무 스트레스 환경과 상대적으로 취약한 간호사들이 겪는 괴롭힘 현상을 고찰해보고자 개인 간호사 간의 무례함과 괴롭힘을 넘어 간호·의료계 결정권자들에게도 아렌트의 사유를 적용한 담론을 시도하였다. 사유 능력이 논의의 요점이지만 이러한 논의의 선결 조건으로서 상호이해와 합의 가능한 ‘간호사 간 공공영역’에 관한 아렌트의 시각 또한 포함하였다. 상호이해에 의한 인간 존엄성에 목적을 둠으로써 무사유와 괴롭힘 현상을 극복하고 평생 전문직으로서의 간호를 추구하는 모든 간호사에게 논의의 장이 되길 바란다. Lateral violence in the workplace has proven to be a pathological phenomenon in nursing literature. Yet, nursing programs and health care organizations don’t seem to have an in depth regard for strategies and practices, even with their nurses involved. By addressing the themes of concern in this current nursing phenomenon, why it exists particularly in the nursing practice, and discussing ethics in comparison to Arendt’s concepts of banality of evil, thoughtlessness, plurality, natality, and understanding, this paper reflects on this pathologic phenomenon in nursing practice and how we should expect to act at least morally fit when encountering the other, especially in a high stress environment comprised of workers essential to the backbone of society. Focusing solely on the disruptive behaviors of incivility of individual nurses completely misses the point; this feature of the culture has also been attributed to nursing elites and other health care providers (i.e., determinants) being complicit. The capacity to think is all about discussion. The prerequisite to discussion would be a ‘nurses public space’, following Arendt’s language, which is a public space between nurses, that is created by discourse in seeking possible consensus and mutual understanding. This study provides a meaningful synthesis to the discipline of nursing in the workplace, particularly aiming at preserving human dignity by mutual understanding through Arendt’s view. Hopefully, it will contribute to mobilizing and accelerating the implementation of action in the workplace, where preoccupation with thoughtlessness and disruptive behaviors can be overcome to a lifelong career path for nurses all throughout the chain.
Kyunghwa Cho,Hee Geum Lee,Juan-Yu Piao,Su-Jung Kim,나혜경,서영준 대한암예방학회 2021 Journal of cancer prevention Vol.26 No.2
More than half of the world’s populations are considered to be infected by Helicobacter pylori. It causes a chronic inflammation of the stomach, which is implicated in the pathogenesis of gastric ulcer and cancer. Silibinin, a polyphenolic flavonoid derived from milk thistle, has been known for its hepatoprotective effects, and recent studies have revealed its chemopreventive potential. In the present study, we examined the anti-inflammatory effects of silibinin in human gastric cancer MKN-1 cells and in the stomach of C57BL/6 mice infected by H. pylori. Pretreatment with silibinin attenuated the up-regulation of COX-2 and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) in H. pylori-infected MKN-1 cells and mouse stomach. In addition, the elevated translocation and DNA binding of NF- κB and STAT3 induced by H. pylori infection were inhibited by silibinin treatment. Moreover, H. pylori infection in combination with high salt diet resulted in dysplasia and hyperplasia in mouse stomach, and these pathological manifestations were substantially mitigated by silibinin administration. Taken together, these findings suggest that silibinin exerts anti-inflammatory effects against H. pylori infection through suppression of NF-κB and STAT3 and subsequently, expression of COX-2 and iNOS. Key Words Helicobacter pylori, Silibinin, NF-κB, STAT3, Gastritis
Kyunghwa Baek,Hyun-Jung Park,Jeong-Hwa Baek 대한구강생물학회 2015 International Journal of Oral Biology Vol.40 No.1
Osteocytes may function as mechanotransducers byregulating local osteoclastogenesis. Reduced availability ofoxygen, i.e. hypoxia, could occur during disuse, bonedevelopment, and fracture. Receptor activator of nuclearfactor-κB ligand (RANKL) is an osteoblast/stromal cellderived essential factor for osteoclastogenesis. The hypoxiainduced osteoclastogenesis via increased RANKL expressionin osteoblasts was demonstrated. Hypoxic regulation of geneexpression generally involves activation of thehypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) transcription pathway. In thepresent study, we investigated whether hypoxia regulatesRANKL expression in murine osteocytes and HIF-1αmediates hypoxia-induced RANKL expression bytransactivating RANKL promoter, to elucidate the role ofosteocyte in osteoclastogenesis in the context of hypoxiccondition. The expression levels of RANKL mRNA andprotein, as well as hypoxia inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α)protein, were significantly increased in hypoxic condition inMLO-Y4s. Constitutively active HIF-1α alone significantlyincreased the levels of RANKL expression in MLO-Y4sunder normoxic conditions, whereas dominant negativeHIF-1α blocked hypoxia-induced RANKL expression. Tofurther explore to find if HIF-1α directly regulates RANKLtranscription, a luciferase reporter assay was conducted. Hypoxia significantly increased RANKL promoter activity,whereas mutations of putative HIF-1α binding elements inRANKL promoter prevented this hypoxia-induced RANKLpromoter activity in MLO-Y4s. These results suggest thatHIF-1α mediates hypoxia-induced up-regulation of RANKLexpression, and that in osteocytes of mechanically unloadedbone, hypoxia enhances osteoclastogenesis, at least in part, viaan increased RANKL expression in osteocytes.
Analysis of the Emission Benefits of Using Alternative Maritime Power (AMP) for Ships
Kyunghwa Kim,Gilltae Roh,Kangwoo Chun 해양환경안전학회 2019 海洋環境安全學會誌 Vol.25 No.3
The marine industry contributes a large proportion of the air pollutant emissions along coastal regions, and this air pollution has been strongly linked to cardiovascular diseases and other illnesses. To alleviate the problem, many ports have installed alternative maritime power (AMP) facilities that enable onboard marine auxiliary engines with generators (gensets) to be shut down while a ship is at berth. This study compared the emissions from conventional gensets with those from AMP facilities, focusing on four emission types: greenhouse gases (GHG), sulphur oxides (SOX), nitrogen oxides (NOX), and particulate matter (PM). Both direct (combustion / operation) and indirect (upstream) emissions were considered together for the emission comparison. The results showed that AMP has lower emissions than conventional onboard gensets, and this benefit is highly dependent on the electricity generation mix onshore. On average, GHG emissions could be reduced by about 18.3 %, while the other emissions (SOX, NOX, and PM) would decrease more dramatically (88.4 %, 90.1 %, and 91.5 %, respectively). Additionally, future benefits of the AMP would increase due to the expansion of renewable energies. Thus, this study supports the potential of AMP as a promising solution for environmental concerns at ports worldwide.
Kyunghwa Ryu,이은지,장윤우,홍성숙,황지영,오은선,남보다,최인호,이효표 대한자기공명의과학회 2020 Investigative Magnetic Resonance Imaging Vol.24 No.3
Disseminated peritoneal leiomyomatosis (DPL) is a very rare benign disease, characterized by multiple solid subperitoneal or peritoneal smooth muscle nodules in abdominopelvic cavity and malignant transformation is extremely rare. Also, uterine smooth muscle tumors of unknown malignant potential (STUMP) is a rare tumor, which is regarded as subclassification in uterine smooth muscle tumors between benign and malignant criteria. Pathogenesis of DPL is uncertain, but increasing evidence of iatrogenic cause including laparoscopic myomectomy has been reported. We report a case of a 28-year-old female with previous history of laparoscopic myomectomy diagnosed with DPL with atypical feature and concurrent uterine STUMP using computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), as well as present a review of the literature.