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Total Knee Arthroplasty: Is It Safe? A Single-Center Study of 4,124 Patients in South Korea
Kyunga Ko,Kee Hyun Kim,Sunho Ko,Changwung Jo,Hyuk-Soo Han,Myung Chul Lee,Du Hyun Ro 대한정형외과학회 2023 Clinics in Orthopedic Surgery Vol.15 No.6
Background: Although total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is considered an effective treatment for knee osteoarthritis, it carries risks of complications. With a growing number of TKAs performed on older patients, understanding the cause of mortality is crucial to enhance the safety of TKA. This study aimed to identify the major causes of short- and long-term mortality after TKA and report mortality trends for major causes of death. Methods: A total of 4,124 patients who underwent TKA were analyzed. The average age at surgery was 70.7 years. The average follow-up time was 73.5 months. The causes of death were retrospectively collected through Korean Statistical Information Service and classified into 13 subgroups based on the International Classification of Diseases-10 code. The short- and long-term causes of death were identified within the time-to-death intervals of 30, 60, 90, 180, 180 days, and > 180 days. Standard mortality ratios (SMRs) and cumulative incidence of deaths were computed to examine mortality trends after TKA. Results: The short-term mortality rate was 0.07% for 30 days, 0.1% for 60 days, 0.2% for 90 days, and 0.2% for 180 days. Malignant neoplasm and cardiovascular disease were the main short-term causes of death. The long-term (> 180 days) mortality rate was 6.2%. Malignant neoplasm (35%), others (11.7%), and respiratory disease (10.1%) were the major long-term causes of death. Men had a higher cumulative risk of death for respiratory, metabolic, and cardiovascular diseases. Age-adjusted mortality was significantly higher in TKA patients aged 70 years (SMR, 4.3; 95% confidence interval [CI], 3.3–5.4) and between 70 and 79 years (SMR 2.9; 95% CI, 2.5–3.5) than that in the general population. Conclusions: The short-term mortality rate after TKA was low, and most of the causes were unrelated to TKA. The major causes of long-term death were consistent with previous findings. Our findings can be used as counseling data to understand the survival and mortality of TKA patients.
Kyungae Kim,MiRan Bang 한국간호과학회 2021 한국간호과학회 학술대회 Vol.2021 No.10
Aim(s): It is important to prevent the increase in the prevalence of diabetes mellitus (DM) worldwide by efficiently managing its controllable risk factors. This study aimed to identify factors associated with the 4-year estimated incidence of DM by gender and provide basic data for a gender-specific strategic approach to lifestyle modification. Method(s): In this study, we carried out a secondary data analysis using raw data from the seventh Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES, 2016–2018). The KNHANES is a descriptive correlational survey designed to examine gender differences in the factors associated with the 4-year estimated incidence of DM. This study included 9,614 Korean adults (4,134 men and 5,480 women) aged 40-69 years without a diagnosis of DM. For statistical analysis, complex sample analysis was performed for gender comparison using χ2-test or one-way analysis of variance; multiple regression analysis was performed to analyze the gender-specific influencing variables of 4-year estimated DM incidence. Result(s): The waist-to-height ratio, an indicator of central obesity in adults, had the strongest association with the 4-year estimated incidence of DM in both groups (M: β=0.33, p≤0.001; F: β=0.38, p≤0.001). The influencing variables were monthly drinking rate (β=0.07, p≤0.001) and sleep time (β=-0.03, p<0.05) in men, and sedentary time in women (β=0.03, p<0.05). The overall explanatory power of these variables was 11.3% for men and 14.3% for women. Thus, significant gender differences were found in the 4-year estimated incidence of DM. Conclusion(s): Therefore, intervention programs need to be gender-specific to enhance the efficacy of the interventions in reducing the incidence of DM, and such intervention programs should be administered with a strategic approach differentiated by gender.
KyungA Yun,Ji Hee Kim,Na Hee Kwon,Woo-Sik Kim,박귀성 대한미생물학회 2022 Journal of Bacteriology and Virology Vol.52 No.4
As the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) spread worldwide, variants viruses are constantly emerging. And there has been a growing interest in the study of variant viruses, for the necessity of response to emergence and diffusion of new coronavirus variants. So, we conducted a survey of variant proportions of SARS-CoV-2 on positive samples of confirmed cases by Real-time Polymerase Chain Reaction (Real-time PCR). From December 26, 2021 to April 2, 2022, a total of 819 SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern (VOCs) were identified in COVID-19 positive samples. In the 2nd week of January 2022, detection rate of the Omicron subvariant BA.1 was 58.1%, overtaking Delta variant to become dominant type. However, in the 5th week of March, detection rate of another Omicron subvariant BA.2 was 75.9%, became dominant variant. These results imply that BA.1 was a dominant variant for two months and after that, omicron BA.1 was rapidly replaced by omicron BA.2. This research is valuable because it provided information which is helpful to response diffusion of new variants. Compared to Delta variant, a large number of mutations in the spike gene(S) of Omicron variant were detected. It raises concerns about changes in pathogenicity and transmissibility in new COVID variants. Therefore, we should develop new strategies against emergence and diffusion of SARS-CoV-2 variants throughout monitoring appearance of the new variants, analyzing the characteristics of new things. In this respect, the results of this research are useful because they offered good basic data for appreciating characteristics of new COVID variants by monitoring the emergence of Delta and Omicron variant.
Kyungae Jo,SangDuk Jeon,Chang-Won Ahn,Sung Hee Han,Hyung Joo Suh 한국식품영양과학회 2017 Preventive Nutrition and Food Science Vol.22 No.4
We evaluated the sleep enhancement activity of the medicinal herbs valerian (Valeriana officinalis), jujube (Ziziphus jujube), lotus seed (Nelumbo nucifera), Gastrodia elata, Polygonatum sibiricum, and baekbokryung (Poria cocos), which can relieve insomnia in a Drosophila model. Locomotor activity was measured in the Drosophila model to evaluate the sleep activity of Korean medicinal herbs traditionally used as sleep aids. The group treated with lotus seed extract showed less nocturnal activity. Treatment with 10 or 20 mg/mL of P. sibiricum significantly reduced nocturnal activity compared to the control group (P<0.05). The activity and sleep bouts of fruit flies were significantly decreased by a high-dose treatment (10 mg/mL) of lotus or P. sibiricum extracts at night. Caffeine-treated Drosophila showed increased nocturnal activity and decreased total sleep time (P<0.05). Flies receiving the 10 mg-doses of lotus seed or P. sibiricum extract showed significantly different nocturnal locomotor activity and total sleep time compared to caffeine-treated Drosophila. Lotus seed and P. sibiricum extracts are attractive and valuable sleep-potentiating nutraceuticals.