Assessment of Hepatic Steatosis Improvement Using Controlled Attenuation Parameter in Patients with Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease under Regular Follow Up

( Kyu Sik Jung ),( Jun Yong Park ),( Mi Na Kim ),( Hana Park ),( Yun Bin Lee ),( Joo Ho Lee ),( Yeonjung Ha ),( Beom Kyung Kim ),( Seung Up Kim ),( Sang Hoon Ahn ),( Do Young Kim ),( Hana Park ),( Kyu 대한간학회 2017 춘·추계 학술대회 (KASL) Vol.2017 No.1

Aims: The change of hepatic steatosis in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) patients under regular follow up has not been widely investigated. We investigated the serial changes of hepatic steatosis assessed by controlled attenuation parameter (CAP) and the predictors for improvement of hepatic steatosis in NAFLD patients. Methods: Among 513 NAFLD patients diagnosed upon ultrasound and CAP > 250 dB/m at baseline, 304 patients underwent repeated CAP measurement at baseline and at follow up. The improvement of hepatic steatosis was defined as a >10% decline of CAP value from the baseline. Results: Mean age of 304 patients was 58.8 ± 11.4 years and 80.1% were male. The mean CAP value significantly decreased from baseline to follow up (292.3 dB/m to 277.1 dB/m, P<0.001). During the median follow up of 15.3 (9.5-20.3) months, 34.5% patients showed improvement of hepatic steatosis. In a univariate analysis, low body mass index (BMI), low weight, low liver stiffness value, low triglyceride level, and low ALT at follow up were predictors for improvement of hepatic steatosis. In multivariate analyses, low weight (P=0.004; hazard ratio [HR],0.965; confidence interval [CI], 0.941-0.988) and low ALT (P=0.004; HR,0.971;CI, 0.951-0.990) at follow up, or low BMI (P=0.006; HR,0.881; CI, 0.805-0.964) and low ALT (P=0.004; HR,0.971; CI, 0.951-0.990) at follow up were the independent predictors. In patients with weight reduction more than 10% (n=22), CAP value significantly decreased (from 288.0 dB/m to 228.9dB/m, P<0.001). Conclusions: Weight reduction, and ALT decrease were independent predictors for improvement of hepatic steatosis. Long term effect of weight reduction on improvement of hepatic steatosis and fibrosis should be investigated further.

Dkk-1 Promotes Angiogenesis through Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition in Hepatocellular Carcinoma

( Sang Hyun Seo ),( Hye Jung Park ),( Kyungjoo Cho ),( Hye Won Lee ),( Beom Kyung Kim ),( Jun Yong Park ),( Do Young Kim ),( Sang Hoon Ahn ),( Seung Up Kim ) 대한간학회 2020 춘·추계 학술대회 (KASL) Vol.2020 No.1

Aims: Dickkopf-1(DKK1), a negative regulator of the Wnt/ ß-catenin pathway, has been recently found to be up-regulated in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, the biological function of DKK1 in HCC has not yet been well documented. Our previous in vitro data suggest that DKK1 can enhance angiogenesis by endothelial cell, independent of the Wnt signaling pathway. This study aimed to investigate the tumorigenic potential and angiogenic role of DKK1 in mouse model. Methods: We assessed tumorigenic functions of DKK1 in Hep3B cells expressing endogenous DKK-1 and in DKK1-deficient Hep3B cells created using CRISPR/Cas9 technology. These edited cells were injected subcutaneously in immunosuppressed mice and tumor growth was followed for 6 weeks. With the evidence of tumorigenic potential in DKK1, transgenic mouse models expressing DKK-1 or luciferase were developed using hydrodynamic transfection. Transposons encoding an activated form of human H-RAS were mixed with transposons encoding either DKK1 or luciferase. All mice were monitored at least twice per week and sacrificed when moribund. Subcutaneous tumors and tumor-bearing livers were formalin fixed for hematoxylin- eosin and immunofluoroscence staining. Results: DKK1-deficient Hep3B xenografts exhibited significantly less growth compared to control Hep3B cells expressing DKK1. In addition, the forced expression of DKK1 with H-RAS through the hydrodynamic transfection formed many tumors in the liver, compared to luciferase liver. We investigated the expression of angiogenesis markers, including CD31, VEGFR2 and mesenchymal markers, including vimentin, fibronectin in the subcutaneous tumors and tumor-bearing livers. Quantity of angiogenic and mesenchymal cells were found to be reduced in the established DKK1 homozygous knockout mice (all P<0.05). Taken together, it was confirmed that the expression of CD31 (P<0.0001), VEGFR2 (P<0.0001), vimentin, and fibronectin (P<0.0001) were up-regulated with DKK1 in the mouse liver. Conclusions: Our findings indicate that DKK1 appears to facilitate angiogenesis, and the progression of HCC through inducing the EMT.

Uncoupling Protein 3의 골격근 세포내 과발현이 OLETF 백서 및 배양된 골격근 세포에서 포도당대사에 미치는 영향

한정희,박혜선,고정민,김하영,강호경,이인규,박중열,홍성관,이재담,이기업 대한당뇨병학회 2002 Diabetes and Metabolism Journal Vol.25 No.6

연구배경:Uncoupling protein(UCP)는 미토콘드리아의 내막에 위치하는 단백질로 세포내의 과다한 에너지를 열로 발산시키는 기능을 가진다. 최근 동물의 갈색지방조직에만 존재하는 UCP와 유사성을 가진 아형들(UCP2,3)이 사람에게도 존재함이 알려져 큰 관심을 끌도 있는데 이중 UCP3는 그 발현이 골격근세포와 갈색지방조직에만 국한된다. 본 연구에서는 UCP3가 체내 인슐린 감수성을 결정하는데 가장 중요한 조직인 골격근에 국한되어 발현되는 점에 착안하여 UCP3를 골격근세포에 과발현시켰을 때 포도당 대사에 어떠한 영향이 나타나는 지를 조사하였다. 방법:25주령의 8마리의 OLETF 백서를 대상으로 하여 4마리는 골격근에 adenovirus 2mL(1×10¹²pfu/mL)를 주사하여 대조군으로 하였고 4마리는 골격근에 재조합법으로 제작된 adenovirus­UCP3 2mL(1×10¹²pfu/mL)를 주사하였다(UCP3 과발현군). UCP3를 투여한 백서에서 먹이섭취가 증가하는 경향이 있어 그 전날 대조군이 먹은 야의 먹이만큼 투여하였다. 골격근에 adenovirus를 주사한 10일 후에 euglycemic hyperinsulinemic clamp를 시행하였다. Adenovirus­UCP를 C2C12 골격근 세포에 transfection시켜 UCP3를 C2C12 골격근 세포에 transfection시켜 UPS3­C2C12를 만들고 C2C12 골격근 세포와 UPS3­C2C12 골격근 세포에서 포도당 수송 및 당원합성을 측정하였다. 결과:UCP3 과발현 OLETF에서 체중이 감소하는 경향을 보였고 인슐린 감수성이 증가하였다. C2C12세포에서 기저상태 포도당 수송은 1.28±0.17μmol/L/min였고 100nM 인슐린으로 2시간 처리한 후 2.67±0.20 μmol/L/min로 증가하였다. UCP3­C2C12 세포에서는 기저상태 포도당 수송이 3.98±0.13μmol/L/min로 증가되었고 인슐린 처리 후 5.74±0.44μmol/L/min로 증가하였다. 인슐린을 처리한 UCP3­C2C12 세포에 P13K 억제제인 wortmannin을 첨가하였을 때 포도당 수송활성이 3.81±0.20μmol/L/min로 감소하였다. 기저상태 당원합성은 C2C12 세포에서 0.25±0.01μmol/L/min였고 인슐린 처리 후 0.45±0.01μmol/L/min로 증가하였다. UCP3­C2C12 세포에서는 기저상태 당원합성이 0.62±0.01μmol/L/min였고 인슐린 처리 후 1.26±454μmol/L/min로 증가하였다. UCP3­C2C12세포에 wortmannin을 첨가하였을 때 당원합성율이 0.80±0.04μmol/L/min로 감소하였다. 결론:UCP3 과발현이 OLETF 백서에서 인슐린 감수성을 증가시켰고 골격근세포에서 포도당 수송 및 당원합성을 증가시켰다. wortmannin을 첨가하였을 때 포도당 수송 및 당원합성이 감소함으로 보아 이 과정이 인슐린 신호전달체계인 P13K에 일부 의존함을 알 수 있었다. Background : UC P3 is a mitochondrial membrane protein expressed selectively in the skeletal muscle and brown adipose tissue. Since the skeletal muscle is the main organ determining insulin sensitivity in the body, it was hypothesized that UCP3 overexpression in skeletal muscle cells would improve glucose metabolism. Methods : An adenovirus-UCP3 was produced by a recombinant DNA method. OLETF rats were divided into 2 groups. Four rats were injected with the adenovirus-UCP3 (UCP3 group) and others were injected with the adenovirus(control group) in the skeletal muscle. The UCP3 group was provided with the same quantity of food as that consumed by the control group on the previous day. Insulin sensitivity was evaluated by the euglycemic hyperinsulinemic clamp method. In a separate experiment, glucose transport and glycogen synthesis we evaluated in C2C212 cells transfected with ether an adenovirus or the adenovirus-UCP3. Results : The insulin sensitivity improved significantly and the body weight decreased in the UCP3 group. The glucose transport and glycogen synthesis were higher in the UCP3-C2C12 skeletal muscle cells at the basal state. After insulin treatment, glucose transport and glycogen synthesis were also higher in the UCP3-C2C12 cells but the increments were reduced after treatment with wortmannin, a PI3K inhibitor. Conclusion : Insulin sensitivity was higher in the UCP3-overexpressed OLETF rats in the in vivo study. UCP3 transfection also increased glucose transport and glycogen synthesis in the cultured skeletal muscle cells by a PI3K dependent mechanism(J Kor Diabetes Asso 25 :460~468, 2001).

심부정맥 혈전증의 도관유도 혈전용해술 또는 약물기계적 혈전제거술 후에 하대정맥 여과기 제거율과 임상적인 특징

노효근(Hyo Keun No),김중석(Joong Suck Kim),김장용(Jang Yong Kim),김경래(Kyung Rae Kim),신석환(Seok-Hwan Shin),안승익(Seung-Ik Ahn),조영업(Young Up Cho),김세중(Sei Joong Kim),이건영(Keon-Young Lee),허윤석(Yoon-Seok Hur),최선근(Sun Keu 대한외과학회 2010 Annals of Surgical Treatment and Research(ASRT) Vol.79 No.6

Purpose: Inferior vena cava (IVC) filter is commonly practiced to prevent pulmonary embolism during endovascular therapy of deep vein thrombosis (EndoDVT). When the thrombus is trapped inside the filter during intervention, its removal is quite challenging. The purpose of this study is to determine retrieval rates of IVC filter after EndoDVT and its characteristics. Methods: Patients who underwent EndoDVT in Inha Unversity Hospital from June 2004 to May 2009 were reviewed retrospectively. Retrievable IVC filter was inserted before EndoDVT. EndoDVT was done by catheter directed thrombolysis or pharmacomechanical thrombectomy using urokinase. IVC filter retrieval was decided according to computed tomography after 2 weeks. Results: 126 patients were treated with EndoDVT. Optease (n=101) and Tulip (n=25) IVC filters were inserted. IVC filters were retrieved in 42.9% (54/126). There was no IVC filter related complication during its insertion and removal. IVC filter was not retrieved in 72 patients. Reasons for its failure include residual thrombosis in IVC filter (n=28), high risk for recurrent DVT (n=34), massive pulmonary embolism (n=8), and death (n=2). Residual thrombus inside IVC filter disappeared in 5 patients during 6-month follow up. Conclusion: IVC filters retrieval rate after EndoDVT was 42.9%. This can be improved by thorough patient follow up and extended retrievability.

Comprehensive analysis of time- and dose-dependent patterns of gene expression in a human mesenchymal stem cell line exposed to low-dose ionizing radiation.

Jin, Young-Woo,Na, Young-Ji,Lee, Young-Ju,An, Sungkwan,Lee, Jung Eun,Jung, Meeseon,Kim, Heesun,Nam, Seon Young,Kim, Cha Soon,Yang, Kwang Hee,Kim, Seung Up,Kim, Woo Kyung,Park, Woong-Yang,Yoo, Keun-You National Hellenic Research Foundation 2008 ONCOLOGY REPORTS Vol.19 No.1

<P>We focused on the transcriptional responses induced by low and very low doses of ionizing radiation with time effect. Regardless of their importance only a few limited studies have been done. Here we applied a large-scale gene transcript profile to elucidate the genes and biological pathways. Immortalized human mesenchymal stem cells were irradiated with 0.01, 0.05, 0.2 and 1 Gy of gamma radiation and total RNA was extracted from each cell line at 1, 4, 12 and 48 h after exposure. The essential transcriptional responses were identified according to dose and time. A total of 6,016 genes showed altered expression patterns at more than one time point or dose level among the investigated 10,800 genes. Genes that showed dose-dependent expression responses were involved in signal transduction, regulation of transcription, proteolysis, peptidolysis and metabolism. Those that showed time-dependent responses were divided into two distinct groups: the up-and-down group was associated with 'cellular defense mechanisms' such as apoptosis, cell adhesion, stress response and immune response and the down-and-up group with 'fundamental cellular processes' such as DNA replication, mitosis, RNA splicing, DNA repair and translation initiation. Genes showing both dose-and time-dependent responses exhibited a mixture of both features. A highly non-linear relationship between the IR dose and the transcriptional relative response was obtained from the dose-dependent group. The time-dependent group also exhibited a non-linear relationship as the complex effect group did. Some of the early-reactive-phase (1-4 h) genes showed a differential expression response to 0.01, 0.05 and 0.2 Gy but were unresponsive to 1 Gy. Some of the late-recovery-phase (12-48 h) genes showed a differential expression to 1 Gy but were relatively unresponsive to other doses. We further characterized the gene expression patterns that could be implicated in the molecular mechanism of the cellular responses to low and very low-dose irradiation.</P>

好酸球性 胃腸炎

閔庚業 대한의학협회 1990 대한의학협회지 Vol.33 No.3

무선 인지 환경을 위한 효율적인 동적 스펙트럼 활당 기법

김주석,김경석,박우구,김진업 충북대학교 컴퓨터정보통신 연구소 2006 컴퓨터정보통신연구 Vol.14 No.2

무선 기술이 발달함에 따라 주파수 자원의 부족문제가 점점 심해지고 있고, 이를 해결하기 위해 주파수 공유기술로 무선인지 (cognitive radio: CR)가 부각되고 있다. 본 논문에서는 CR 기반의 IEEE 802.22 WRAN 환경에서 동적 스펙트럼 할당 (Dynamic Spectrum Allocation: DSA) 기법을 연구하였다. 주파수를 좀 더 효율적으로 공유하기 위해 Variable bandwidth, 이동성, 셀 간 간섭을 적용한 DSA 기법을 제시하고 시뮬레이션 결과들을 통해 이를 검증하였다. As a wireless technique advances, the shortage problem of frequency resource has been gradually serious. Cognitive radio(CR) have been noticed to solve this problem by using frequency sharing methods. We investigate dynamic spectrum allocation(DSA) method in IEEE 802.22 WRAN environment of CR foundation in this paper. To share frequency more efficiently, we propose some DSA techniques for variable bandwidth, mobility, intercell interference and verify these through the result of the simulations.

건축물의 LCC Database 구축에 관한 연구

전찬민,우경헌,김중현,김경업,박태근 목원대학교 건축도시연구센터 2003 建築·都市環境硏究 Vol.11 No.-

The importance of LCC analysis has been enlarged. Also, it would be necessary to computerize LCC analysis for accurate and logical analysis of LCC. In other papers, they showed LCC analysis model but the study of database development which could be applied in LCC analysis have been undeveloped. This study showing the development of common database for the LCC analysis computerization inquires into cost breakdown structure by previous researches. Also, it makes cost breakdown structure for deriving LCC cost item. As a result, the standard of LCC analysis computerization by developing LCC DB of cost breakdown structure would be shown.

무선 인지 시스템을 위한 효율적인 에너지 검출 기반의 센싱 기법

현영주,김경석,박우구,김진업 충북대학교 컴퓨터정보통신 연구소 2006 컴퓨터정보통신연구 Vol.14 No.2

본 논문에서는 에너지 검출 기반의 스펙트럼 센싱 기법의 검출 성능을 향상시키기 위한 방법으로 자기상관함수를 적용하였다. 이는 평균 및 자기상관 (autocorrelation)함수와 같은 확률적인 파라미터들이 시간에 따라 주기적으로 변하는 특성을 갖는 Cyclostationary 프로세스와는 다른 접근 방법이다. CR 시스템에서 유휴주파수 대역을 찾기 위한 센싱 과정에 본 논문에서 제안한 방법을 적용한다면, 에너지 검출기반의 센싱 기법의 장점인 구조적 간단함과 빠른 스펙트럼 검출 결과를 얻을 수 있을 것이다. In this paper, we use the autocorrelation function to improve the performance of spectrum sensing method based on the energy detection method. This method is different from a cyclostationary process method where parameters such as the mean or the autocorrelation function is time-varying periodically. If the proposed method applies for sensing in the CR system, it will have the structural simpleness and the fast computation of spectrum sensing.

지안 로렌조 베르니니의 건축공간의 해석에 관한 연구 : 건축에 적용된 조각의 도상해석학적 분석을 중심으로 Focused on the Iconological Analysis of Sculptures added to Architecture

남경훈,이강업,진경돈 대한건축학회 2003 대한건축학회논문집 Vol.19 No.2

This study considered the characteristics of Gian Lorenzo Bernini's inclusive architecture by means of the iconological interpretation of the relationship between his architecture and sculpture. There have been many studies of Bernini's sculpture and architecture apart, and it is the fact that especially studies of his architecture have remained at stylistic one. However it is not so much difficult to find the ensemble made by symbolic relationship between architecture and sculpture in Bernini's works. Therefore this study introduced Erwin Panofsky's Iconology methodologically to analyze his architectural works and to show that they could be interpreted from sculpture added to architecture. According to iconological analyses about Bernini's Sant' Andre al Quirinale and Scala Regia, followings were investigated. Firstly, The sculptures added to each architectural space are not simple baroque decorations but project symbolic meanings such as the religious symbolism, the historicity of site, and the needs of the time. Secondly, each architecture and sculpture organize spatial characteristics in harmony by means of the projected symbolic meaning. Thirdly, the motive which make him add many sculptures to architectural space are neo-platonism, city planning of Baroque, and political reasons which reinforce the papacy.