여자수영선수의 과다훈련이 프로락틴에 미치는 영향

김영준,어경철 한국스포츠리서치 2001 한국 스포츠 리서치 Vol.12 No.4

The purpose of this study is to show as a tool of diagnosis on overtraining througy the prolactin variation in the blood between an overtraining group and a normal training group, and also is to protect drop of exercise performance caused by overtraining and to be helpful for prevention of exercise innjury. Thus, girl's high school swimmers(Overtraining Group : N=7, Normal-training Group : N=7 ; total N = 14) who have a camp training for a national athletic game were the object of this study. This exercise programme consists of baseline training for one weeks, overtraining for three weeks, and regeneration training for two weeks. In the meantime, to fond out the formation of exercise programme for intensity resulted in overtraining, the variation of weight and record was stated in the experimental sheets, and also measured the variation of stress hormone(cortisol, catecholamine). As a result of this study, in the first stage we can find out the decrease of weight and record from overtraining group that exercised for three weeks, and also we can see the significant increase of stress hormone such as cortisol and catecholamine after training (p<.05). The variation of prolactin after pre and post of exercise in each training period from overtraining group can be seen significant increase(p<.05), however it's hard to find out it from normal training group. So it became known that overtraining can effect upon the secretion of prolactin.

퇴행성 슬관절염 환자 평가 설문도구의 내적 신뢰도, 상관성에 관한 연구

류성룡,안경애,서병관,강중원,이상훈,이재동,최도영,김건식,이두익,이윤호 EAST-WEST MEDICAL RESEARCH INSTITUTE KYUNG HEE UNI 2005 東西醫學硏究所 論文集 Vol.2005 No.-

Objective : The aim of this study is to evaluate internal reliability and correlation among assessment instruments of knee OA. Methods : Data were obtained from 85 patients with knee OA. They were asked to answer VAS pain scale, two disease-specific questionnaires (WOMAC and LFI) and one instrument about health-related quality(KHAQ). Reliability was assessed using cronbach's alpha. Correlation was assessed by examining the pearson's correlation coefficients. Results : Cronbach's alpha of all Index except WOMAC stiffness subscale(.6679) exceeded the value of 0.70. A good correlation was obtained between WOMAC Subscale (especially Pain Subscale) and LFI (.726<cronbach's alpha<.791). Also, Correlation between KHAQ and two disease-specific questionnaires (WOMAC and LFI) was good(.612<cronbach's alpha<.662). Conclusions : All used instruments have good internal reliability. also, There are good correlation among them. The treatment of knee OA must be focused on health related quality. For this, we should use proper assessment instruments.

장기간 수영훈련이 중년여성의 혈장 지질 및 아포단백질에 미치는 영향

김영준,장성동,어경철 동아대학교 스포츠과학연구소 2000 스포츠科學硏究論文集 Vol.18 No.-

The purpose of this study is to analyze the effects of long-term swimming excercise on thefat and aplipoprotein of middle-aged women. For the purpose, 14 middle-aged women who have no disease and do not any regular excercise are selected. They are divided into two groups. One is an exercise group(swimming group, Age : 39.0±2.12) consisting of seven members who are to make swimming exercise for eight weeks, and the other is a control group(control group, Age : 38.3±3.12). The effects of the exercise on fat and aplioprotein in blood are then examined. In terms of exercising method, the period, time and frequency of the swimming are determined as eight weeks, fifty minutes a day and five days a week respectively, The result of the study is as follows. 1.FFA, TG, TC and TC/HDL in blood plasma significantly decrease than before swimming, but LDL-C and HBL-C show no changes. 2.Aplipoprotein a and b in blood plasma show no changes over the eight weeks' exercise. Consequently, swimming exercise for eight weeks does not have an influence on LDL-C and HDL-C but on FFA, TG, TC and TC/HDL. The intensity, period and frequency of exercise should be maintained for change in cholesterol.

퇴행성 슬관절염 환자의 증상 중증도 지표와 DITI의 상관성 연구

서병관,류성룡,강중원,안경애,이재동,최도영,김건식,이두익,이윤호,이상훈 EAST-WEST MEDICAL RESEARCH INSTITUTE KYUNG HEE UNI 2005 東西醫學硏究所 論文集 Vol.2005 No.-

Objectives : To investigate the applicability of thermography as severity measurement in the patients with osteoarthritis (OA) of the knee. Methods : Data were obtained from 80 patiens with OA of the knee. They were asked to answer two disease-specific questionnaire (Western Ontario and McMaster Universities (WOMAC) OA index, Lequesne's Functional Index (LFI)), one generic instrument (Korean Health Assessment Questionnaire (KHAQ)), VAS in order to assess the severity of disease, quality of life, degree of pain and taken thermography in standardized environment. Results : The thermal difference between ipsilateral side and contralaterla side of lateral aspect of knee was correlated with that of medial aspect of knee, and the thermal difference of anterior thigh was correlated with that of lateral, medial aspect of knee and patella region. Age, duration of disease, duration of morning stiffness, sex, crepitus, and painful side of knee were not correlated with the thermal differences of each region. LFI, WOMAC, WOMAC pain subscale, WOMAC stiffness subscale, WOMAC physical function, KHAQ,, VAS were not correlated with the thermal differences of each region. Conclusion : Further study on the thermography on OA of the knee in population with appropriate severity grade and the standardization of analysis of thermographic data were recommended.

카누선수의 호흡순환기능 및 운동강도에 관한 연구

김영준,이종훈,장성동,어경철 동아대학교 스포츠과학연구소 2000 스포츠科學硏究論文集 Vol.18 No.-

The purpose of this study was to measure the respiratory function with kayak-Ergometer and to and analyze the exercise intensity for each kayak player in 500m canoe race. Subjects were seven well-trained kayak players of a middle school in U city. Control group was composed of seven beginners who were not trained in three months yet. On this study, they (trained and non-trained) were tested by using kayak-Ergometer. According to them, we analyzed the exercise intensity in 500m race by analyzing V O2max, V O2max/kg, HRmax and blood lactate concentration during convalescence and measuring the heart rate in 500m canoe race. On analysis, we come to a conclusion like this : 1.The study has shown that V O2max, V O2max /kg and all out time of canoe players were higher(P<.05) than that of non-trained respectively. There wasn't a striking difference on VEmax and HRmax between two groups. HRrest during stability of non-trained were higher(P<.05) than that of trained, but there was not a sharp difference on HRmax. 2.Lactate concentration was not to have a significant difference on rest, after maximal exercise and recovery 2 min. But it is found to have a high significance(p<.05) to recovery 3 min. 3.During 500m race, intensity of the over 81%HRmax was shown as the highest intensity to 66.7% of all races. Intensity of 71∼80%HRmax, 41 ∼70%HRmax and under 40%HRmax amounted to 11.1% of al1 race. Putting the above-mentioned together, we can assume that kayak has an influence on V O2max, V O2max /kg, Heart Rate during stability and can improve the recovery of blood lactate density. And the data have shown that 500m race is an exercise of high intensity to some degree that the 66.7% of it should require 81% HRmax or even more.

WHO 침구임상 지침서 개정을 위한 국제회의 보고

박히준,서정철,김세현,김상우,안경애,임사비나,김용석,최도영,강성길 EAST-WEST MEDICAL RESEARCH INSTITUTE KYUNG HEE UNI 2005 東西醫學硏究所 論文集 Vol.2005 No.-

The Working Group on the revision of Clinical Research Methodology for Acupuncture met in Seoul, Republic of Korea from 24 to 26 August 2005. The main objectives of the meeting were to review the regional publication guidelines for Clinical Research on Acupuncture, to make necessary revisions in the guidelines, to make recommendations on further collaboration and activities in the field of research on acupuncture, and to discuss scientific evidence-based approaches in the clinical research on acupuncture. Fourteen members from the eight Member States, one secretariat staff from the WHO Regional Office for the Western Pacific and ten observers from the Republic of Korea attended the meeting. The members presented their papers to review the current status of clinical research on acupuncture. The drafts of proposed revision to the previous guidelines for clinical research methodology on acupuncture were discussed extensively. The issues covered during the discussion included: the definition of the new terms; reorganization of clinical research design; revision and update of contents (e.g., control group); introduction of Institutional Review Board (IRB) on the section of ethical approval; additional outcomes including health-related quality of life (HRQOL), qualitative measures, etc. In the course of these discussions, the working group developed the revised guidelines for clinical research on acupuncture and made recommendations for promoting the dissemination of the revised guidelines.

퇴행성 슬관절염에 대한 제통단의 안정성과 효능 임상연구

서병관,류성룡,강중원,안경애,이상훈,최도영,김건식,이두익,이윤호,이재동 EAST-WEST MEDICAL RESEARCH INSTITUTE KYUNG HEE UNI 2005 東西醫學硏究所 論文集 Vol.2005 No.-

Objectives : In order to investigate the efficacy and safety of the newly developed herbal medicine Jetongdan, a placebo-controlled randomized clinical trial of patients with osteoarthriotis of the knee was undertaken. Methods : Data were obtained from 80 patients with OA of the knee. After the enrollment, they were asked to answer a disease-specific questionnaire (Western Ontario and McMaster Universities (WOMAC) OA index) and analyzed with the erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) in order to evaluate the efficacy of Jetongdan, and analyzed for aspartate transaminase (AST) level, alanine transminase (ALT) level, blood urea mitrogen (BUN) level, and creatinine (Cr) level in order to evaluate the safety of Jetongdan. Results : The liver function and renal function did not deteriorate after treatment with Jetongdan. Composite WOMAC score and physical function subscale was improved, but pain subscale, stiffness subscale, and ESR were not improved by Jetongdan. This was possibly because the baseline characteristics of the two groups were not homogenized after randomization. Conclusions : Jetongdan could be a promising treatment option for osteoarthritis of the knee. Further study in a larger population with appropriate severity grades is recommended.

협심증이 의심되어 운동부하검사를 받은 여성들의 흉통에 관한 내용분석

최명애,이명선,안경애,임은옥 성인간호학회 2002 성인간호학회지 Vol.14 No.3

Purpose: Experience of chest pain may be different in women from that of men and this discrepancy may cause misdiagnosis of angina contribute to mortality by this disease in women. The purpose of this study was to analyze the characteristics of chest pain and responses to the symptoms in women. Method: A content analysis was conducted with interviewed data obtained from women who underwent the treadmill test Result: Seven major categories were identified from this content analysis: attributes of chest pain; accompanied symptoms; precipitating factors; relief strategies; family support; communication with physicians; and effects of chest pain on their lives. Characteristics of pain were described as heaviness, tightness, heating sensation, tearing, and others. Duration and intensity of pain varied in a wide range. Radiating pain presented in 9 patients, and the locations of radiation were throat, neck, shoulder arm and fingers. Women tended not to respond actively to their chest pain, and didn't get appropriate support either from their family or from their physicians when they reported chest pain. Conclusion: Women express non-typical as well as typical patterns of pain when they experience chest pain. Clinicians have to consider the variability of symptoms when they assess women with suspicions of angina.

Trajectory of Anxiety Early After Acute Myocardial Infarction

An, Kyung Eh 이화여자대학교 간호과학연구소 2001 Health & Nursing Vol.13 No.1

불안은 두려움, 긴장, 공포감, 좋지 않은 일이 생길 것 같은 예감 등으로 정의되며 거의 예외 없이 신체적인 증상과 증후를 동반한다. 급성심근경색증 환자의 대부분은 정도의 차이는 있으나 불안을 경험하며 극심한 불만, 혹은 장기화되는 불안이 질병으로부터의 회복과 재활에 심각한 영향은 미친다는 것이 많은 선행연구에서 밝혀진 바 있다. 불안은 자율신경계의 교감신경을 활성화하여 순환혈액 중의 카테콜라인의 농도를 상승시키며 이에 따라 심혈관계에 과도한 활동성을 유발할 수 있다. 심혈관계의 과도한 활동성은 빈맥, 혈판저항 상승, 심실부정맥의 위험증가, 심근의 허혈과 산소요구도를 증가시킬 수 있다. 그 결과 불안은 알려진 다른 생리적 요인들로부터 독립적으로 급성 심근경색증 후의 합병증발생과 예후를 예측할 수 있는 위험요인이라는 것이 최근의 연구에서 보고된 바 있다. 그러나 임상에서 급성심근경색종 환자의 불안은 적절히 사정되지도 치료되지도 않는 것으로 알려져 있다. 그 이유는 부분적으로 불안의 신체적 증상이 흉통, 호흡곤란란, 빈백, 혈압상승, 가슴이 두근두근하는 등의 심질환에 의한 증상과 중복되고 가려지기 때문이며, 이에 더하여 임상간호사들의 불안의 심각성에 대한 인식부족에 기인한다. 급성심근 경색증환자의 불안에 환한 대부분의 선행연구는 불안을 심근경색종의 증상이후 상당한 시간이 경과된 후에 측정함으로써 그 최고치를 놓칠 수 있으며, 불안을 측정한 시간이 연구마다 달라 서로 비교하기 어렵다는 제한점을 갖고 있다. 특히 불안이 생리적인 기전을 통하여 질병의 경과와 예후에 심각한 영향을 미칠 수 있다는 점에서 불안이 최고치가 되는 시간을 파악하는 일은 매우 중요하나 생명을 위협한 수도 있는 질병의 특성상, 환자의 불안을 급성기에 측정하거나 반복해서 측정하기에는 많은 무리가 따르는 것도 사설이다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 424명의 중성심관경색증 환자를 대상으로 주증상이 사라지고 혈액역동학적으로 안정된 수치를 보인 후 가장 빠를 시간에 (72시간 이내) 환자의 불안을 측정하여 불안점수를 횡단적으로 비교 분석함으로써 시간차이에 따른 환자의 불안수준의 변화를 파악하고자 시도하였다. State-trait anxiety invento교(Spielgere., 1985)의 state subscale로 측정한 급성심근경색증 환자의 불안점수는 평균 39±13으로 같은 연령의 정상인의 평균보다 유의하게 높았으며 37.5%,의 환자는 일반 내·외과 환자보다 높은 불안점수를 나타냈다. 시간의 경과에 따른 불안점수의 변화를 분석하기 위하여 입원으로부터 불안을 측정할 때까지 경과된 시간을 4등분하였을 때, 불안점수는 불안을 측정한 시간에 따라 유의한 차이가 있었다[F(3, 422)=40152, p=.006]: 즉, 첫 4 등분인 18시간이내에 측정한 불안점수가 가 장 높았으며(42.82±13.15), 그 중 첫 12 시간의 불안 점수가 (44.94±12.40)높았다. 그 후 두 번째 4둥분인 약 28시간까지는 최저수준으로 낮아졌으나(37.31±12.22), 그 후 42시간, 72시간까지 다시 상승하는 형태를 나타냈다(각각 38.11±12.60과 38.48±12.54). 예측했던 대로 입원초기에 불안의 정도가 가장 높았으며 이는 입원초기에 진단과정과 위급한 중상에 대한 처치와 더불어 불안이 적절히 사정되고 치료되어야함을 시사한다. 더불어 입원 후 진단과정과 주요 치료과정, 그리고 퇴원의 결정 둥에 따라 환자의 불안은 변화하는 것으로 보여 환자의 불안을 초기이후 에도 지속적으로 관찰하고 치료해야할 필요가 있다. 또한 불안의 예방을 위하여 불안의 원인을 제거할 책임이 간호사에게 있다 편안하고 안정된 환경을 제공하고 환자에게 필요한 정보를 명확한 의사전달을 통하여 제공함으로써 환자의 불안을 어느 정도 줄일 수 있다. 또한 불필요한 억제를 지양하고 환자의 자기조절능력을 최대화하는 것도 불안을 감소시키는 좋은 중재방법이 될 것이다.

이십대 여성의 월경통증경험과 대처행위에 관한 연구

안경애 이화여자대학교 간호과학연구소 2001 Health & Nursing Vol.13 No.2

A descriptive, correlational study was conducted to describe perimenstrual discomfort and pain experienced by young women and their coping behaviors. 126 women in their 20's were participated in the self-report survey and data from 124 women were analyzed for the purpose of this study. The survey included the frequency of perimenstrual discomfort and menstrual pain, location and intensity of pain, behavioral changes during menstrual period, effects of menstrual discomfort and pain on daily life; pharmacological and non-pharmacological coping behaviors; and health related information including age of menarche and health history including drinking, smoking, and the presence of obesity. Findings of the study are as follow: (1) 59(47.6%) women experienced perimenstrual pain during every cycle and 44(35.5%) experienced perimenstrual pain frequently. 46(36.8%) women experienced extreme discomfort and 59(47,2%) experienced moderate discomfort. The location of perimenstrual pain included abdomen(86.1?), back pain 74(60.7%), headache 12(9.8%) and others 20(16.4%). Symptoms associated with the menstrual cycle were pain during the menstruation (80=64.5%), pre-menstrual pain(59-47.6%), helplessness(55=44.4%), pre-menstrual depression(41=33.1%), depression during the menstruation(33=26.8%), social withdraw(31=25%), dizziness(24=19.4%), loss of appetite(22=17.9%), and urinary distress(19=15.3%). Others reported nervousness, increasing appetite, nausea, vomiting, and sleepiness. Intensity of menstrual pain ranged from 0 to 10 with the mean of 6.36?.48. Behavioral changes related to menstrual cycle include rest, sleep, eating, shopping, talking, and getting irritated. (2) Frequency of menstrual pain and intensity were significantly associated[F(3, 118)=32.502, p=.000]: the group who experience menstrual pain frequently also experienced pain in higher intensity. Frequency of menstrual pain was positively associated with the discomfort related to the menstrual cycle( x 2=50.961, df=9, p=.000). Intensity of pain and discomfort associated with the menstrual cycle have positive association[F(3, 119)=18.647, p=.000]. (3) Coping behavior to the perimenstrual discomfort and premenstrual pain included rest(82=67.8%), take medicine(72=60.0%), sleep(66=54.5%), relaxation(11=9.1%), acupuncture (4=3.3%). Bum moxa, take herb medicine, apply warm on abdomen, hitting abdominal area, enduring were also reported as coping behavior to th menstrual pain. (4) None of drinking, smoking and presence of obesity were significantly associated with the perimenstrual discomfort. Age of menarche was significantly associated with perimenstrual discomfort F(df=1, 124)=4.984, p=.027]. Findings from this study suggested that significant number of young women experience perimenstrual discomfort and pain, however, coping behavior to this discomfort and pain are not sufficient. Various interventions to reduce perimenstrual pain need to be developed and be taught.