유치부 유아의 하나님개념과 교사의 변인과의 관계 : 하나님개념, 신앙성숙도, 언어유형을 중심으로

정대현(Dae-Hyun Jung),유은정(Eun-Jung Yoo),정옥경(Ock-Kyung Jung) 한국기독교교육정보학회 2009 기독교교육정보 Vol.24 No.-

The purpose of this study is to examine young children's conceptions of God through analyzing critical differences attributable to age and gender and exploring the effects of the teacher's conceptions of God, their faith maturity, and language patterns on children's conceptions of God. 85 Sunday school teachers and 166 four to five-year-old children of churches in Seoul, Kyung-Gi, In-Chon area were surveyed. The research results are: first, there are not any significant differences by age and gender in children's conceptualizations of God. Second, the teacher's faith maturity was positively correlated with the children's distant God, related teacher's imperative language pattern was positively correlated with the children's strict God relawas negatively correlated with their distant God. Third, the teacher's distant God has an influence on children's concept of God.

보성산 유기농 녹차의 품질에 따른 카테킨 함량과 항산화능 비교 분석

박경련(Kyung Ryun Park),이상길(Sang Gil Lee),남태규(Tae Gyu Nam),김영준(Young Jun Kim),김영록(Young-Rok Kim),김대옥(Dae-Ok Kim) 한국식품과학회 2009 한국식품과학회지 Vol.41 No.1

유기농 녹차의 등급별 총페놀 함량과 항산화능은 각 추출 용매에 따른 수율을 확인하였을 때 물 추출에 비하여 수용성 유기용매의 추출 수율이 유의적으로 높았다. 유기용매를 이용한 추출수율은 물을 이용할 때 보다 총페놀 함량은 1.5에서 3.2배, 항산화능은 1.8에서 3.8배 정도 높게 나타났다. HPLC 분석을 통하여 총페놀 함량과 항산화능의 상관관계를 비교 시 총페놀 함량이 증가함에 따라 항산화능이 1차 선형관계로 증가하는 경향을 보였다. HPLC분석을 통하여 유기농 녹차에 함유되어 있는 다양한 카테킨의 함량이 채엽시기에 따라 변화가 나타났다. 유기농 녹차의 카테킨 성분 중 가장 많이 존재하는 EGCG가 건조중량당 5.8-7.7%의 함량을 보였고, caffeine은 1.7-2.9%의 함량을 보였다. 유기농 녹차의 카테킨 함량은 일반적으로 채엽 시기가 늦어짐에 따라서 점차 감소하였다. 유기농 녹차의 등급에 따른 항산화능은 최상급인 우전에서 가장 높았으며 최하등급인 엽차에서 가장 낮게 나타났다. HPLC 분석에 의한 유기농 녹차의 등급에 따른 총 카테킨 함량(㎎/g)은 우전(155.4), 세작(147.7), 중작(143.2), 엽차(135.1), 대작(130.5)의 순서로 감소하였다. 이를 통해 녹차의 채엽 시기가 유기농 녹차의 카테킨 성분 및 항산화능에도 영향을 미치는 것을 확인하였다. 전반적으로 상급의 유기농 녹차 일수록 총페놀 및 카테킨 함량이 많으며 또한 더 높은 항산화능을 가지는 것으로 나타났다. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of various solvents on extraction of bioactive phenolics and to analyze the antioxidant capacity and contents of individual catechins in various grades of green teas organically grown in Boseong, Korea. The organic green teas, based on their harvest seasons, were categorized into five grades such as Woo-Jeon, Se-Jak, Jung-Jak, Dae-Jak, and coarse tea. Solvents used to extract phenolics from these teas included water at 23℃ and 70℃ as well as 80% (v/v) aqueous methanol and ethanol. In general, aqueous organic solvents of methanol and ethanol led to higher extraction yields of phenolics than water at 23℃ and 70℃. Total phenolics and antioxidant capacity of the teas extracted with the aqueous organic solvents were approximately 1.5 to 3.2 and 1.8 to 3.8 times higher than those with water at 23℃ and 70℃, respectively. Coarse tea, the lowest grade of green tea, showed approximately 30-60% lower total phenolics and antioxidant capacity compared with the higher grade ones. Reversed-phase HPLC analysis was performed quantitatively to identify individual catechins, gallic acid, and caffeine in teas extracted with 80% (v/v) aqueous methanol. Based on their dry weights, the organic green teas contained about 1.7 to 2.9% of caffeine. Content (㎎/g dry weight) of tea catechins decreased in the following order: Woo-Jeon (155.4) > Se-Jak (147.7) > Jung-Jak (143.2) > coarse tea (135.1) > Dae-Jak (130.5). (-)-Epigall℃atechin gallate was the most abundant among the catechins analyzed. The highest grade of green tea, Woo-Jeon, had the highest amount of (-)-epigall℃atechin gallate at 77.4 ㎎/g dry weight. Overall, the higher grade of organic green teas tended to have the higher level of antioxidant capacity and catechins.

남자 고등학생의 흡연행위군별 성격특성

류미경,박경민,김정남,장은진,이충원,김대현,정철호 대한보건협회 2000 대한보건연구 Vol.26 No.2

The purpose of this study is to investigate the differences of personality characteristics using Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory(MMPI) by current-smokers, ex-smokers and non-smokers among male high school students. The subjects for this study were 448 first and second year male students at general and vocational high school in Taegu and Kyung-Buk Province. Data was collected from August 25 to September 15, 1999. The instrument used in this study was the Validity Scale and the Clinical Scale, the Ego Strength Scale and the Personality Disorder Scale of the MMPI. The data was analysed by using the SPSS Program which included frequency, percentage, x^2-test, ANOVA, scheffe test and stepwise discriminant analysis. The results obtained from this study were as follows. (1) There were significant differences by smoking behavior groups in parents who smoke and who did not smoke(p=.044), intimate-friends who smoke and not(p=.000), academic record(p=.000), satisfaction with school life(p=.020), effect of smoking on health(p=.000), drinking experience(p=.000), drug-use experience(p=.007) and experience into No minors district(p=.000). (2) T-scores of subjects in this study were in the range of 40-60. Psychopathic Deviate Scale(Pd), Paranoid Scale(Pa), Psychasthenia Scale(Pt), Schizophrenia Scale(Sc), Histrionic Personality Disorder Scale(HST) and Anti-social Personality Disorder Scale(ANT) showed higher T-scores than other Clinical and Personality Disorder Scale. (3) The results of post-hoc in Validity Scale and Clinical Scale are as follows: T-scores of current-smokers were higher than that of ex-smokers and non-smokers in Hysteria Scale(Hy), Psychopathic Deviate Scale(Pd), Paranoid Scale(Pa), Psychasthenia Scale(Pt), Schizophrenia Scale(Sc) and Hypomania Scale(Ma); T-scores of non-smokers were higher than that of ex-smokers in Depression Scale(D), and T-scores of non-smokers were higher than that of current-smokers and ex-smokers in Social Introversion Scale(Si). (4) In Ego Strength Scale and Personality Disorder Scale, T-scores of ex-smokers were higher than those of current-smokers. In Histrionic Personality Disorder Scale(HST) and Narcissistic Personality Disorder Scale(NAR), T-scores of current smokers and ex-smokers were higher than those of non-smokers. In Borderline Personality Disorder Scale(BDL), Anti-social Personality Disorder Scale(ANT) and Paranoid Personality Disorder Scale(PAR), T-scores of current-smokers were higher than those of ex-smokers and non-smokers. In Schizotypal Personality Disorder Scale(STY), T-scores of current smokers were higher than that of ex-smokers. In Avoidant Personality Disorder Scale(AVD), T-scores of non-smokers were higher than those of current-smokers and ex-smokers. (5) As a result of stepwise discriminant analysis of the MMPI Scale by smoking behavior, a discrimination rate of the F Scale, Hypomania Scale(Ma), Social Introversion Scale(Si) and Psychopathic Deviate Scale(Pd) out of the Validity Scale and Clinical Scale was 51.1%, and that of Anti-social Personality Disorder Scale(ANT) and Avoidant Personality Disorder Scale(AVD) out of the Personality Disorder Scale was 51.6%, both of the rates were statistically significant. The Above results suggested that smoking by high school students is related with personality characteristics as well as external factors like family, school and their social environment. So school health professionals who are in charge of school health, should operate various smoking prevention or prohibition programs, taking into account personality characteristics. It might have an effect on smoking prevention and the reduction of the smoking rate.

대구한의대 비만클리닉 내원 환자 62명에 대한 임상적 관찰

허진일,김동우,박경,김대준,변준석,최빈혜,Hur, Jin-Il,Kim, Dong-Woo,Park, Kyung,Kim, Dae-Jun,Byun, Joon-Seok,Choi, Bin-Hye 대한한방내과학회 2006 大韓韓方內科學會誌 Vol.27 No.2

Objectives : The purposes of this study are to evaluate the effect of treatment in obesity clinic in Dae-Gu Hanny University and to improve the oriental medical methods of treatment in obesity patients. Methods : 62 patients were classified into four groups by Body Mass Index(BMI) : normal, overweight, 1st obesity and 2nd obesity groups. Weight, BMI, body fat rate and abdominal fat rate were compared in each group by t-test. Results : In distribution of sex, male were 10(16.1%), female were 52(83.9%). Mean age was $31.0{\pm}2.59$ and the patients in twenties and thirties were the most. Mean weight was $71.80{\pm}4.08kg$ and 1st obesity group(23) was the most. Mean BMI was $27.11{\pm}1.20(kg/m^2)$. BMI Changes in obesity groups treated by obesity clinic were $0.95{\pm}0.68kg/m^2$ in normal group, $1.45{\pm}0.38kg/m^2$ in overweight group, $2.67{\pm}0.48kg/m^2$ in 1st obesity group and $4.01{\pm}1.10kg/m^2$ in 2nd obesity group. The changes in all groups were significant. The more the obesity degree was. the more weight loss was. Conclusions : The weight and BMI in patients were almost decreased significantly when they treated. It resulted that the effect of oriental medical treatment in obesity was positive. This study is the effect of treatment in obesity by several medical methods and it is thought that the study of the effects of treatment in obesity by each medical methods that were used in this study is necessary.

품종 및 성별에 따른 쇠고기의 지방산조성 비교

김대곤,성삼경,정근기,최창본 대구산업정보대학 1995 논문집 Vol.9 No.2

Dae Gon The study was conducted to investigate the effect of breed, sex on fatty acid compostition. Hanwoo and Holstein used, in the study were classified by sex. The results are summarized as follows ; Oleic acid and unsaturated fatty acids(UFA) percentages of total fatty acids in Hanwoo were higher than in Holstein, but palmitic acid and saturated fatty acids(SFA) were lower in Hanwoo. Oleic acid in steers of Hanwoo and Holstein tended to increase compared with bulls. Oleic acid in rib loin and top round were considerably higher in Hanwoo steers than in Holstein steers. In Hanwoosteers, oleic acid and UFA tended to increased while stearic acid and SFA decreased as marbling degree increased.

다중 네트워크 아키텍처 지원을 위한 객체지향 게임 네트워크 엔진의 설계 및 구현

형대진,이재윤,박경환 동아대학교 정보기술연구소 2007 情報技術硏究所論文誌 Vol.14 No.2

Online game that based on network communication, use various type of communication and network architecture for each character and genre of game. In this paper, we investigated and analyzed communication types used in online games and, based on the results, introduced a method of developing an object-oriented network engine supporting various types of network architecture. The developed network engine not only supports the development of games using various types of communication applicable to online games but also is easily expandable because of its hierarchical structure based on the object-oriented concept. Moreover, since it can support dead reckoning make up for network latency problem, we use very usefully for development of game.

WIPI 기반 모바일 3D 게임엔진의 설계와 구현

형대진,김승구,조현준,박경환 동아대학교 정보기술연구소 2006 情報技術硏究所論文誌 Vol.14 No.1

In this paper, we introduce the method for developing the mobile 3D game engine based on the WIPI platform which has been proposed as the mobile standard platform. Our game engine is designed so that it supports OpenGL-ES and JSR-184 that are mobile 3D graphic APIs. Our game engine has a mobile emulator operated on PC and SDK to support mobile programming in PC environments. Mobile 3D game developers can use the APIs at various levels. Also, the game engine is developed in modular in order to support various game genres.

호흡 부전을 동반한 급성 자율-감각신경병증 1예

박경필,안규환,김은주,김대성,정대수,박규현,김매자 대한신경과학회 1999 대한신경과학회지 Vol.17 No.5

담금원료에 따른 고추장의 숙성기간 중 품질변화

좌미경,임상빈,송대진 濟州大學校 産業技術硏究所 2000 산업기술연구소논문집 Vol.11 No.1

Kochujang was prepared with different raw materials. and with and without sake. Quality changes during fermentation of Kochujang were measured in terms of pH. titratable acidity and amino nitrogen content. pH of Sunchang Kochujang gradually decreased as the increase of fermentation time. while that of Sachun remained almost constant. Titratable acidity was the highest in Sunchang. and was similar in Sachun regardless of glutinous rice and wheat flour as a starch source. Amino nitrogen of Sunchang increased drastically by 10 days of fermentation and then increased gradually. Amino nitrogen of Sachun with glutinous rice was greater than that with wheat flour. pH of Kochujang without sake decreased drastically by 10 days and then stayed almost the same by 60 days of fermentation. while that with sake increased slightly as the increase of aging time. Titratable acidity of Kochujang with sake decreased sharply by 10 days. increased gradually by 30 days and then stayed a t that level. Kochujang without sake showed greater decreases in titratable acidity by 5 days. increased gradually by 20 days and then reached equilibrium. Amino nitrogen was a little higher in Kochujang without sake than that with sake.

후처리를 이용한 음질 개선 시스템의 성능 향상

김대경,우종식 동의공업대학 1999 論文集 Vol.25 No.1

The speech enhancement has gained an increasing interest in recent years. This is mainly due to the driving forces in the area of mobile communications, where speech enhancement algorithms could be integrated in hands-free telephony. The availability of powerful digital signal processors is also supporting these activities. This paper focuses on the spectral subtraction method that is relatively inexpensive, in terms of computational complexity. In the spectral subtraction method, the noise-suppressed speech spectrum is obtained by subtracting an estimated noise spectrum from the noisy speech spectrum. The noise spectrum is estimated, is updated, from the periods when the signal is absent and only the noise is present. The assumption is that the noise is a stationary or a slowly varying process, and that the noise spectrum does not change significantly in between the update periods. Single channel spectral subtraction algorithm is characterized by a tradeoff between the amount of noise reduction, the speech distortion. and the level of musical residual noise The residual noise is always remained because the estimated noise spectrum is not exactly matched to true nose spectrum. ESS(extended spectral subtraction) algorithm overcomes the typical disadvantage of one channel noise suppression algorithms-the impossibility of noise estimation during speech sequence. The noise can be successively updated even during the speech sequences and that is why there is no need of the voice activity detection. However the residual noise becomes more noticeable as the SNR decrease Post-processing method is combined with the ESS algorithm for speech enhancement. There is no need of voice activity detection because the noise can be successively updated even during the speech using Wiener filter. We have compared the proposed algorithm with other spectral subtraction algorithm. Objective and subjective evaluation of the proposed system is performed with car noise. The subjective listening tests confirm that the enhanced speech is more pleasant to a human listener.