볼빔시스템에 대한 견실성 제어기 및 관측기 설계

임규만 초당대학교 초고속정보화센터 2001 초고속정보화센터논문집 Vol.2 No.-

본 연구에서는 ball and beam 시스템에 대한 비선형 관측기와 제어기를 제안한다. 하지만 ball and beam 시스템의 경우 beam의 각도 또는 ball의 위치가 "0"일 때 제어계수가 "0"가 된다. 이로 인하여 시스템의 상태차수가 정의되지 않는 경우가 발생된다. 따라서 이러한 문제를 해결하고 VSS 제어 이론을 통하여 비선형 관측기와 제어기를 제안 하고자 하며. 제안된 관측기와 제어기에 대해서 컴퓨터 시뮬레이션을 통하여 타당성을 검증한다. In this paper, we proposed the nonlinear controller and observer design for a ball and beam system. Unfortunately, for the ball and beam system, the control coefficient is zero whenever the angular velocity or ball position are zero. Therefore, the relactive degree of the ball and beam system is not well defined. The presented the nonlinear controller and observer design is based on the approxidation input-output feedback linearization. And we verified that the proposed nonlinear controller and observer scheme is the feasible through a computer simulation.

해면상 혈관종의 치료

신규만,송준혁 梨花女子大學校 醫科大學 醫科學硏究所 1996 EMJ (Ewha medical journal) Vol.19 No.2

Objective : The purpose of this study is to evaluate the clinical informations(symptoms, pathophysiologic phenomena, other associated vascular malformation and outcome) in order to define the guide of the management. Material & Methods : The authors reviewed the 54cases which were diagnosed by the high-resolution MRI and supplemented by computed tomography, from 1991 to 1996. The patho-physiologic phenomena of the CMs were classified into three groups by the finding of MRI. Surgical outcome was analysed according to the type of lesions, clinical variables, and indication of surgical management. Results : The mean patient age was 33.2 years, and the locations of CMs are in the cere-brum in 38 cases, basal ganglia/thalamus in 5 cases, brain stem in 16 cases, orbit in 2 cases and the spinal cord in 1case. Symptomatic hemorrhage were 25 patients(46%), seizure reported 16 patients(30%) and focal neurologic deficit 7(13%). Incidental cases were founded in 6 patients(11%) and their main complaints were headache. In 71% of the patients, the lesions were solitary and multiple in 29%. The 7 patients had coexisting venous angiomas. The A group had 24 patients(44%), B group 16 patients(30%) and the C group 14 patients(26%). Twenty nine patients who were asymptomatic or incidentally discovered lesions(6 patients) were treated conservatively. Twenty five patients(15 hemorrhage, 8 patients of intractable seizure and 2 patients of progressive neurologic deficits) underwent surgery. Conclusion : This study suggest that surgical extirpation of the lesions is an effective management in accessible lesions, overt hemorrhage, medical intractable epilepsy and pro-gressive worsening focal neurologic deficits. Objective : The purpose of this study is to evaluate the clinical informations(symptoms,pathophysiologic phenomena, other associated vascular malformation and outcome) in order todefine the guide of the management. Material & Methods : The authors reviewed the 54cases which were diagnosed by the high-resolution MRl and supplemented by computed tomography, from 1991 to 1996. The patho-physiologic phenomena of the CMs were classified into three groups by the finding of MRI.Surgical outcome was analysed according to the type of lesions, clinical variables, and indicationof surgical management. Results : The mean patient age was 33.2 years, and the locations of CMs are in the cere-brum in 33cases, basal ganglia/thalamus in 5cases, brain stem in 16cases, orbit in 2cases andthe spinal cord in case. Symptomatic hemorrhage were 25patients(46%), seizure reported 16patients(30%) and focal neurologic deficit 7(13%). Incidental cases were founded in 6 patients(11%) and their main complaints were headache. In 71% of the patients, the lesions weresolitary and multiple in 29%. The 7 patients had coexisting venous angiomas. The A group had24 patients(44%), B group 16 patients(30%) and the C group 14 patients(26%). Twenty ninepatients who were asymptomatic or incidentally discovered lesions(6 patients) were treatedconservatively. Twenty five patients(15 hemorrhage, 8 patients of intractable seizure and 2patients of progressive neurologic deficits) underwent surgery. Conclusion : This study suggest that surgical extirpation of the lesions is an efffctivemanagement in accessible lesions, overt hemorrhage, medical intractable epilepsy and pro-gressive worsening focal neurologic deficits.

인공타액 오염이 수종 상아질접착제와 상아질간의 결합에 미치는 영향

오원만,양규호,류미애 大韓齒科保存學會 1992 Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics Vol.17 No.2

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the influence of artificial saliva contamination on bonding of several dintin adhesives to dentin. Sixty-three human molar teeth extracted within a month were used. Each tooth was sectioned longitudinally in a buccolingual direction to obtain 126 wpecimens. These specimens were randomly divided into three froups and were treated by Scotchbond 2, Gluam and All vond. Each group was subdivided into three subgroups; normal group not contaminated with artificial saliva, contaminated with artificial saliva and dried group, and contaminated with artificial saliva and washed and dried group. Enamel/dentin bonding agent (Dental Adhesive of Scotchbond 2) was applied light cured on the treated dentin surfaces. Threrafter P-50 were cured on them, and specimens were storde in 37℃ artificial saliva for 24 hours before measuring shear bond strength. Shear bond strengths were determined using an universal testing machine with cross head speed 1mm/min and SEM examinations were conducted to evaluate the resin-dintin interface and degree of penetrating resin string into the dentinal tubules. The following results were obtained. 1. Normal gropqs ont contaminated with artificial saliva showed greater shear bond streagth than any other group contaminated with artificial saliva)P<0.01). 2. The shear bond strengths showed no significant difference between washed groups with distilled water and ont washed groups after contamination with artificial saliva(P>0.05). 3. In normal groups, the shear bond strength of A group was significantly greater than in any other group(P<0.01). 4. In S and G groups, fractrues after shear bond strength tests occured adhesively on resintooth interface in all specimens. But in A groups, fractrue of the normal group occured cohesively in dentin and fractrue of the contaminated groups coourde adhesively and cohesively. 5. On SEM examination, the number of resin strings penotrated into dentinal tubules were the greatest in normal groups, followed by, in descending oredr, wasghed groups and not washed groups after contamination with artificial saliva.

Precurved Endosonic K-file에 의한 근관확대율 및 만곡도 변화에 대한 연구

양규호,허혜경,오원만 大韓齒科保存學會 1995 Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics Vol.20 No.1

熱環境의 理論的 背景에 관한 硏究

林晩澤,朴京甲,鄭圭福,鄭碩熙 조선대학교 국토개발연구소 1993 국토개발연구 Vol.13 No.1

The design ranges of human-environmental system can be divided into seven kinds, water, thermal, air, light, acoustic, color, psychology and environment. This study aims at clarifying the theoretical background of thermal environment is what point of view is historically. Thermal environment developed based on the thermal comfort index, standard and law establishment etc. To constitute the amenity of thermal environment and to control it, it needs to prediction and adaptability.

복합레진의 표면거칠기에 따른 투명도와 표면 색상의 차이에 관한 연구

조규정,박수정,조현구,김동준,황윤찬,오원만,황인남 大韓齒科保存學會 2006 Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics Vol.31 No.4

본 연구는 복합레진의 표면 연마에 의한 표면 거칠기가 표면 색상과 투명도에 어떤 영향을 미치는가를 알아보고자 시행하였다. Charisma (Heraeus Kulzer GmbH, Domagen, Germany)의 B1과 A3, Esthet-X (DENTSPLY Caulk, Milford, USA)의 B1과 B3 레진으로 거칠기에 따른 표면 색상을 평가하기 위한 직경 8㎜, 두께 5㎜의 시편을 제작하고, Sof-Lex finishing & polishing system(3M, ESPE Dental Products. St. Paul USA)의 C, M, F, 및 SF 디스크로 시편의 한쪽 면을 연마하였으며, 연마 전 Mylar strip으로 압축된 면을 대조군으로 하였다. 거칠기에 따른 투명도의 차이를 평가하기 위한 두께 1 ㎜의 시편을 Charisma의 A3로 제작하여, 한쪽 면을 600, 1000, 1500 및 2000번 사포로 연마하였다. 각 시편의 연마 전과 후, 연마면의 CIE L^(*)a^(*)b^(*)값과 1 ㎜ 시편의 백색과 흑색 배경판 상에서의 Y값을 spectrophotometer인 Spectrolino (GretagMacbech, Regensdorf, Switzerland)를 사용해 측정 분석하였으며, 각 시편의 연마 전과 후의 평균 표면 조드 (Ra)값을 Surface Roughness Tester SJ-301 (Mytutoyo, Tokyo, Japan)로 측정했다. L^(*)값은 재료와 색상에 상관없이 가장 거친 Sof-lex C 디스크로 연마한 군에서 가장 높은 값을 보였으며 (p < 0.05). Esthet-X B3군을 제외한 모든 군에서 Ra값이 감소함에 따라 L^(*)값도 낮아졌다. a^(*)값은 표면 거칠기에 따라 특정한 변화 양상을 보이지 않았으며, b^(*)값은 Esthet-X B1군을 제외한 모든 군에서 Sof-lex SF 디스크로 연마 시 가장 높은 값을 보였으며 (p < 0.05), Charisma B1과 Esthet-X B3군에서 Ra값과 비교적 높은 상관 관계를 보였다. Contrast ratio는 1000번과 1500번 사포로 연마한 군간을 제외한 모든 군 간에 유의한 차이를 보여으며 (p < 0.05). 표면 거칠기가 감소함에 따라 contrast ratio도 감소하였다(R2 = 0.801). The objectives of this were to evaluate the effect of surface roughness on the surface color and translucency of the composite reins. Two composite resins (Esthet-X, Dentsply, Milford, USA and Charisma, Kulzer, Domagen, Germany) were used to investigate the surface color. Charisma was used to investigate the translucency. 40 disc samples (diameter: 8 ㎜, thickness: 5 ㎜) were made by each product to measure the surface color. Ploymerized each sample's one side was treated by Sof-Lex finishing and polishing system (Group C, M, F, SF). 40 disc samples (diameter: 6 ㎜, thickness: 1 ㎜) were prepared to measure the opacity. 1 ㎜ samples were ground one side with #600, #1000, #1500 and #2000 sandpapers. CIE L^(*)a^(*)b^(*) values of each 5 ㎜ thickness samples, and XYZ values of 1 ㎜ thickness samples on the white and black background were measured with spectrophotometer (Spectrolino, GretagMacbeth, Regensdorf, Switzerland). Mean surface roughness (Ra) of all samples before and after surface treatment was measured using the Surface Roughness Tester SJ-301 (Mytutoyo, Tokyo, Japan). Regardless of type and shade of the composite resin, L^(*) values measured in group C were higher than others (p < 0.05), and L^(*) value decreased as the Ra value decreased except B3 shade of Esthet-X. But there were no significant difference in a^(*) values among groups. In control group and SF, highest b^(*) values were measured (p < 0.05), except B1 shade of Esthet-X. Contrast ratio decreased as the Ra value decreased (p < 0.05). With the above results, difference of surface roughness has influence on surface color and translucency of dental composite resins. 〔J Kor Acad Cons Dent 31(4):312-322, 2006〕

大學生의 民主意識과 民主社會 造成의 課題

金萬圭 仁荷大學校 學生生活硏究所 1992 學生生活硏究 Vol.12 No.-

忠孝思想과 그 敎育的 課題

金萬圭 연세대학교 교육대학원 1978 연세교육과학 Vol.13 No.-

As is shown in establishment of origin of loyalty and filial piety in ancient times of China. To have loyalty and filial piety is not only for existing theory but also is for a production of political and social periodic demand. Therefore it's political and social function has been changed according to how to understand the times. When we apply this philosophy to the early Yi-Dynasty, the scholar who stuck to legitimacy of confucianism turned away political, social and actual demand, also adhered to loyalty and filial piety based on confucius fixed thought. On the other hand an ancient sage who had a view point of reality for seeing actual task of national existence tried to reconstruct and follow loyalty according to periodic demand we do not still disclaim that we can not get out of the fixed loyalty and filial piety thought. It is not attained unrealistic loyalty education as we follow the ancient loyalty and filial piety and disregard the reality because it is true. Therefore if we have loyalty and filial piety as the base of education we can not avoid to reconstruct the education according to national and periodic demand. There are many possibilities to have conflict between present social demand and ancient confucius loyalty and filial piety. There is some probability to weaken the productibility of their children because of having servere parent oriented filial piety in order to achieve the national goal of development for the future. Also nation oriented loyalty under the system of sovereign and subject must be changed to people oriented, individual oriented loyalty in democratic society. There will be needed to have the loyalty which is to make nation, society and home serve to individual development. The development of consciousness of national subject could be achieved if individual self existence consiousness be extended to independent consciousness of society and be developed to national cosciousness. As it is shown in the philosophy of Yukok, the edcation program and establishment of philosophy of loyalty and filial piety should be based on the individual self existence functionally Before the loyalty which makes people serve to nation, there should be the loyalty which public officer working in nation and social organization should be local to people.

예방접종과 육아수첩에 대한 부모들의 인지도

김한진,위규석,김창휘,신상만,이상주 순천향의학연구소 1995 Journal of Soonchunhyang Medical Science Vol.1 No.1

A study was performed to get some information about the parents' attitudes regarding immunization and immunization record. Five hundred and ninety nine parents who visited to well baby clinics in 4 affiliated hospitals of Soonchunhyang University were randomly selected and requested to fill up the questionnaire. The results were as follows ; 1. A majority of respondants(83.5%) to questionnaires brought the immunization record with their children when immunization. 2. The number of parents who know the primary immunization schedule correctly were 304(50.8%) and majority of the parents misunderstood chicken pox vaccination as primary immunization. 3. About the half of the respondants(49.5%) received immunization by pediatritian. Percentages of the parents who received immunization at regional health care center were 24.1% in Seoul and 42.8% in other cities. 4. Only below half of the respondants(45.7%) thought to be satisfied to physician's information about the side effects of vaccination and 26.9% of the respondants never get the information about any side effects. 5. Many of the respondants(80.6%) thought that there was no or few advantage to immunization by pediatritian. 6. Most of the cases(84.1%) record the immunization status and which were done by nurse(51.4%), physician(27.1%) and parents themselves(21.5%) 7. Only the 21.5% of the respondants received the record of growth and development milestones of their children and 37.7% of the respondants experienced nutritional counseling when vaccination. 8. The reasons of importance of immunization records are for general evaluation of child health since at birth(58.6%) and for not to skip routine vaccination(40.1%).

Vincristine Sulfate가 Mouse 모낭세포의 미세구종에 미치는 영향에 관한 전자현미경적 연구

신현태,이규식,류재만 한양대학교 의과대학 1990 한양의대 학술지 Vol.10 No.1

Vincristine sulfate, one of thte Vinca alkaloids has been used clinically as an antitumor reagent. Vincristine sulfate has high affinity to the basic protein subunit of microtubules, that it disrupts the mitotic spindle apparatus. As a result this reagent causes the cell to arrest in metaphase and to die finally. When vincristine was spread on the skin it would damage the growth of the hair, that the author undertook the present study to observe the effect of vincristine onthe cytoplasmic organelles of the hair follicular cells. Male albino mouse, DDY strain, weighing 20gm were used as an experimental animals. The back skin of experimental animals were spread with a vincristine sulfate solution(1mg/5ml) once a day for 6 days after cutting of the hair. The experimental animals were sacrificed at 2 day, 4 day, and 6 day after first treatmetn and specimens obtained from the skin of the vincristine treated area. The specimens were prefixed in 2% glutaradehyde-2.5% paraformaldehyde solution and postfixed in 1% osmium tetroxide solution and then ultrathin section, 600-800A, were made and stained with uranyl acetate and lead citrate. Some specimens were also fixed in 10% formalin for hematoxylin eosin stain. The specimens were observed with light microscopy and JEM 100cx-II electrom microscopy. The results were as follows. 1. Hair follicles were decreased numerously in the skin of the 4th and 6th vincristine treated group. And the length of the hair was reduced in the skin of the 6th vincristine treated group. 2. In the 2nd vincristine treated group, irregularly shaped nuclei, reduced heterochromatin and numerous vacuoles wre observed in the external root sheath cells. In cells of the inner root sheath, heterochromatin was segregated and clumpped, and cristae of mitochondria was disappeared. 3. In the 4th vincristine treated group, dilatation of cisternae of the rough endoplasmic reticulum, degenerated mitochondria were observed in the external root sheath cells. And trichohyaline granules were reduced and condensed nuclei were observed in the cells of the Henley's layer. 4. In the 6th vincristine treated group, cuticle cells were more keratinized. And in the external root sheath cells, colummar shaped nuclei, degenerative mitochondria and rough endoplasmic reticulum, and decreased cisternae of Golgi apparatus were observed. Consequently, it is suggested that vincristine sulfute would induce the degenerative changes in the hair follicular cells.