우울증 환자의 퇴원 후 외래 방문 관련 요인

김경훈 건강보험심사평가원 2023 HIRA RESEARCH Vol.3 No.2

Background: Ensuring timely outpatient follow-up care after hospital discharge in patients with depression is critical for preventing suicide and relapse. This study aimed to identify patient factors associated with receiving outpatient follow-up care within 7 days of hospital discharge for patients with depression. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study using the National Health Insurance Claims Database. This study included all patients with depression aged 18 years or older who were newly admitted to hospitals from January 1, 2017 to December 31, 2018. A generalized estimating equation was used to explore the association between receiving outpatient follow-up care within 7 days of hospital discharge and various factors, such as age, sex, insurance type, comorbidity, and previous outpatient care. Results: Of the 15,018 patients included in the study, 60.2% were female, and 6,886 patients (45.9%) received outpatient follow-up care within 7 days after hospital discharge. Patients who were females and those with previous outpatient care experience were more likely to receive outpatient followup care (odds ratio [OR] 1.410, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.317-1.511; OR 2.502, 95% CI 2.269-2.759; respectively). In contrast, older and medicaid patients were less likely to receive outpatient care within 7 days after discharge. Conclusion: To prevent suicide and relapse, discharge planning interventions should be actively provided to vulnerable groups, such as older individuals, males, medicaid patients, and patients without previous outpatient care experience.

Palobutrazol과 Chlorocholine Cholride 處理가 水稻 幼苗의 生理的 特性에 미치는 影響

류경렬,허훈,김인현 충북대학교 농업과학기술연구소 1995 農業科學硏究 Vol.12 No.2

This study was conducted to investigate the incidence of urolithiasis of Korean native cattle and beef cattle in abattoir and feedlot cattle. In addition, chemical composition of urinary calculi and field treatment of urolithiasis in feedlot cattle were also studied. The results obtained were as follows : A total of 365 heads(46.8%) of 780 cattle in abattoir were found to be urinary calculi, 55.9% of these in Korean native cattle and 44.3% in beef cattle, respectively. Seasonal incidences were relatively high in spring(57.9%) and winter(55.8%), while low in autumn(47.4%) and summer(28.0) Among 474 castrated growing cattle which feeding with pellet feeds, 318 heads(66.6%) were confirmed to urolithiasis by means of urine precipitation test. Morphological classifications of urinary calculi were appeared to 25-3% in irregular form, 24.0% in granular form, 20.7% in fine crystals, 18.0% in globular form and 12.0% in powdered form, respectively. Chemical compositions of urinary calculi were detected to relatively high levels of magnesium(17.565%) and silica(5.340%) due to feeding on Tong-il rice straw. In the field treatment of special formulated drugs to affected feedlot cattle, a total of 291 heads(91.5%) of 318 cattle were recovered as high as at the 4 weeks after treatment. The principal pathological changes were composed of hemorrhages, deceleration, degeneration and necrotic lesions on renal cortex and hemorrahages, chronic inflammatory lesions on renal pelvis and papillae, urethra and urinary bladder in the urinary system. Key words ; urolithiasis, urinary calculi, feedlot cattle.

HEC-5와 신경망을 이용한 댐운영의 최적화

이경훈,문병석,김강석,남길정 대한상하수도학회 2003 상하수도학회지 Vol.17 No.5

This study. which chose Sum-Jin river dam and Ju-Amdam of Sum-Jin river water system for objection region, forecasted inflow of dam to manage a multipurpose dam during flood period, using neural network model, executed HEC-5 to be inputted the foresaw and measured inflow data and investigated the result data. HEC-5 is dam imitative operating program. When no damaging channel capacity was 100% or 70%, this study investigated the flood control storage probability so that we understand concerning with no damaging channel capacity and the flood control storage capacity of reservoir. As a result that forecasted dam inflow through neural network model, we got excellent forecasting outcome that the coefficient of determination is over 0.9. and find to be able to apply HEC-5 because. as a result that ￡ was applied to HCE-5 forecasting outcome and surveyed inflow data. the forecasting outcome were more superior managing result than real outflow one at the phases of peak flow control rate, reservoir outflow rate, and reswyoir storage rate. finally this study investigated abut application of HEC5 model at the best suited dam management and regulation of no damaging channel capacity. as deciding the best suited outflow by adjusting no damaging channel capacity.

Lyapunov 直接法을 이용한 電力系統 過渡 安定度 解析에 관한 硏究

金正勳,李鳳容,田京培 弘益大學校 1987 弘大論叢 Vol.19 No.2

A method is given for deriving a Lyapunov function for a two-machine power system with nonzero transfer conductances. The assumption required is only mildly restrictive and is likely to be satisfied for practical values of machine parameters. The method shows promise for extension to systems more than two machines.

한국인 제1형 당뇨병에서 체도 세포질 항체의 양성률 : 항GAD항체, 항ICA512항체, 항phogrin항체의 조합 측정으로의 대체 가능성 Possible Replacement with Combined Measurement of Anti-GAD, Anti-ICA512, and Anti-phogrin Antibodies

김경아,김동준,정재훈,민용기,이문규,김광원,진동규,고경수,김상진,이명식 대한당뇨병학회 2002 Diabetes and Metabolism Journal Vol.25 No.6

연구배경:최근 당뇨병의 분류를 새로 제정함에 있어 자가항체가 양성이면 임상형에 상관없이 제1형 당뇨병으로 분류하자는 제안이 나옴으로써 자가항체의 중요성은 더욱 커질 것으로 예상된다. 특히 우리나라와 같이 비비만형인 제2형 당뇨병이 많은 나라에서는 당뇨병의 병인 규명에 자가항체가 중요한 위치를 차지할 것으로 사료된다. 자가항체 중에서 전통적으로 측정되어온 췌도 세포질 항체(ICA)는 표준화하기 어렵고 기술적으로 제한점이 많으며 현실적으로도 췌장 공여자가 적은 점 등이 문제로 알려져 있다. ICA의 대응 항원들로는 GAD(glutamic acid decarboxylase), IA­2(islet­associaated antigen­2;ICA512), IA­2β(phogrin)등이 있다. 이러한 대응 항원에 대한 특이적인 자가항체의 측정은 ICA에 비해 표준화되었으며 최근에는 방사면역측정법(radioimmunoassay;RIA)키드까지 등장하여 손쉽고 정확히 이를 측정할 수 있게 되었다. 연구자들은 한국인 제1형 당뇨병에서 측정법이 표준화 되어 있는 항GAD항체 및 항ICA512항체 조합(combimation)의 조합으로 ICA의 측정을 대신할 수 있는지를 조사하였고 더 나아가 항phogrin항체의 조합 측정으로 임상적 유용성이 있는지 보고자 하였다. 방법: ICA는 면역조직화학 염색법을 이용하였다. 항 GAD항체는 상업화 된 키드(RSR??, United Kingdom)를 이용하였다. 항 ICA512항체와 항phogrin항체의 측정은 in vitro transcription&translation한 후 이를 이용해 방사면역 침전법을 이용하였다. 대상 환자로는 전형적 제1형 당뇨병 76명, 지진형 제1형 당뇨병 22명, 제2형 당뇨병 39명이었으며 각 군간의 연령은 각각 22.8±14.0, 37.9±13.9, 45.3±12.3세였다. 결과:1)전형적인 제1형 당뇨병에서는 ICA의 양성률이 30%, RIA조합만의(항GAD항체 또는 항 ICA512항체 또는 항phgrin항체 한가지에라도 양성인 경우)양성률이 57%이었다. 지진형 제1형 당뇨병에서는 각각 18%, 50%이었다. 제2형 당뇨병에서는 각각 7.7%, 5.1%이었다. 2)각 군에서 ICA가 양성인 군에서 RIA조합 양성률을 보면 전형적 제1형 당뇨병에서는 96%, 지진형 제1형 당뇨병에서는 100%에서 양성이었고 제2형 당뇨병에서는 RIA 조합 양성이 없었다. 각 군에서 ICA가 음성인 군에서도 RIA 조합시 전형적 제1형 당뇨병에서는 40%, 지진형 제1형 당뇨병에서는 39%에서 양성이었고, 제2형 당뇨병에서는 5.6%에서 양성이었다. 3)전형적 제1형 당뇨병에서 ICA가 양성인 군(n=23)에서 96%가 RIA조합 양성이었는데 이때 각각의 RIA유형을 보면 항GAD항체 양성이 87%였다. 한편 항 ICA512항체 양성이 48%, 항phogrin항체 양성이 44%이고 항GAD항체 도는 항ICA512항체 양성이 96%를 차지한다. 지진형 제1형 당뇨병에서는 ICA가 양성인 군(n=4)에서는 항 GAD항체 양성이 3명, 항ICA512항체 양성이 1명이었다. 따라서 기존의 ICA를 RIA조합으로 대체할 수 있을 것으로 사료되었는데 이때 항GAD항체와 항ICA512항체의 조합이 도움이 되겠고 항phogrin항체의 추가적인 검사는 일부의 환자에서만 도움이 되리라 사료된다. 4)이환 기간에 따라 ICA와 RIA조합을 비교시 ICA는 차이가 없었으나 RIA조합의 양성률은 지진형 제1형 당뇨병에서 4년 이상의 이환 기간이 지나면 그 이전보다 떨어졌다. 5)발병 연령에 따라 ICA와 RIA조합을 비교시 ICA 양성률이 전형적 제1형 당뇨병에서 15세 이전에 발병한 그룹에서 그 이후에 발병한 그룹보다 유의하게 높았다. 결론:이상의 결과를 요약하면 항GAD항체 및 항ICA512항체 측정의 조합은 ICA보다 민감도가 높아 기존의 ICA를 대체함은 물론 임상적 이용에서 현격한 우월성을 보이며, 성인에서 발병한 비전형적인 당뇨병의 분류에도 도움이 될 것으로 사료되었다. 추가적인 항phogrin항체의 측정은 임상적 유용성이 없었다. Background : Type 1 diabetes includes all forms of autoimmune-mediated and idiopathic beta-cell destruction leading to an absolute insulin deficiency. Evidence of an autoimune pathogenesis was assessed by studying cytoplasmic islet cell antibodies (ICA), antibodies to glutamic acid decarboxylase (GADA), antibodies reacting with an islet tyrosine phosphatase-related molecule referred to as ICA 512 (ICA 512A), or its homologue phogrin (phogrin-A). In comparison with ICA, the best validation to assess the risk of type 1 diabetes, shows that a combination of antibodies to GADA with ICA 512A has the power to detect a majority of ICA and 97 ~ 100% of subjects who progressed to overt diabetes. These findings suggest the possibility of replacing the laborious ICA test in the screening programs to identify subjects at risk of progressing to type 1 diabetes or for classifying the stage of diabetes at the time of diagnosis. Up to now, it is unclear whether these results are applicable to the slowly progressive type 1 diabetes that appears to be more prevalent in Asian than in western countries. The prevalence of combined autoantibody testing (1≥ of GADA, ICA512A, or phogrin-A) was investigated in the patients with type 1 diabetes (typical and slowly progressive) and type 2 diabetes, and compared with that of ICA which is a more laborious and insensitive test. Methods : The ICA assay was performed using immunoenzymatic staining of frozen human (blood group O) pancreatic sections with serial dilutions of serum samples with peroxidase-labeled protein A. For the GADA determination, commercially available GADA radiommunoassay kits utilizing the ^125I-labeled recombinant GAD65 (RSR®, United Kingdom) as an antigen was used. Either ICA512A or phogrin-A were detected by a radioligand-binding assay after in vitro transcription and translation using the clone ICA512bdc or phogrin c DNA. Serum was obtained from 76 patients with type 1 diabetes(mean age 45.3± 12.3 years). Typical and slowly progressive type 1 diabetes patients had the disease for between 4.0±4.6 and 10.1±9.5 years, respectively at the earliest serum sampling. Results: 1) In typicaltype 1 diabetes, 30% of patients tested positive for ICA and 57% for the combined autoantibody test. In type 2 diabetes, 7.7% and 5.1% tested positive, respectively. 2) Ninety-six percent of ICA-positive patients expressed one or more of the 3 auto-antibody specificities in typicaltype 1 diabetes. Among the 53 ICA-negative patients with typicaltype 1 diabetes, 40% had one or more of these auto-antibodies. In the slowly pregressive type 1 diabetes, 100% of the ICA-positive and 39% of the ICA-negative patients expressed one or more of the 3 autoantibody specificities. 3) Of the 23 patients with ICA-positive typical type 1 diabetes patients, 87% had a positive result for GADA, 48% FOR ICA512A, 44% for phogrin-A, and 96% for GADA or ICA512A. Of the 4 patients with ICA-positive slowly progressive type 1 diabetes, three had a positive result for GADA, and 1 for ICA512A. 4) When the prevalence of combined autoantibody testing was analyzed according to the duration of diabetes, the prevalence in patients tested within 4 years after the diagnosis and more than 4 years after the diagnosis was 61% and 52%, respectively in typical type 1 diabetes. Furthermore, that for the ICA was 37% and 21%, respectively. In the slowly progressive type 1 diabetes, the prevalence of combined auto-antibody testing was 88% and 25%, respectively (p<0.05), while that of ICA was 25% and 13%, respectively. 5) In typical type 1 diabetes, ICA were detected more frequently in patients younger than 15 years of age (48%) than in older patients (23%) (p<0.05), while the prevalence of combined auto-antibody testing -was not different according to the onset age(65% vs 53%). Conclusion : Combined autoantibody testing for GADA and ICA512A is more sensitive that ICA in type 1 diabetes. Therefore, it could replace the laborious ICA measurement and may be useful for discriminating the etiology of adult onset a typical diabetes(J Kor Diabetes Asso 25 :430~445, 2001).

빛의 간섭 구조를 이용한 광 저울 개발

최훈,박경수,이정렬,엄진섭 江原大學校 産業技術硏究所 2004 産業技術硏究 Vol.24 No.A

In this paper, we proposed an optical balance using a Michelson Interferometer structure. The frequency of the interference signal is changed nonlinearly related with a weight to be measured, and this frequency change is processed by a processor to give a measured weight. Several measurements were performed and the good results were obtained with the fluctuation of about 1g.

『흙』, 민족과 국가의 경합

이경훈 연세대학교 인문과학연구소 2004 人文科學 Vol.86 No.-

심근의 단독 비경화증(Isolated Noncompaction of Ventricular Myocardium)의 임상 양상

문은경,이훈영,장미영,길홍량,정용헌 대한소아과학회 2002 小兒科 Vol.45 No.12

파장 라우팅 방식을 이용한 All-Optical WDM 버퍼 구현

최훈,이정렬,박경수,엄진섭 강원대학교 정보통신연구소 2004 정보통신논문지 Vol.8 No.-

In this paper, we propose Au-Optical WDM Buffer System for resolving contention probiem of packets in Optical Packet Switching System. The proposed system consists of tunable wavelength converters based on SOA, NxN AWG, and fiber delay lines. This structure can reduce ASE and cross-talk noise because the buffering is achieved from passing packets through each different delay line determined by converting the wavelength of input packet. We also perform buffering experiment for two 5Ons optical pulses, and it proves that the proposed system works as expected.

養液裁培에 의한 상추의 物質生産 및 光合成에 特性에 關한 硏究

許煇,柳慶烈,崔基準 충북대학교 농업과학기술연구소 1993 農業科學硏究 Vol.10 No.2

These experiments were carried out for three terms (1st : 5/23-6/28, 2nd : 8/14-9/l9, 3rd : 9/20-l1/11) to investigate the rate of Dry Matter Production and Photosynthesis of hydroponically cultivated lettuce. The results were obtained as follows : 1.The number of Lettuce leaf in each culturing term was higher in the third term than in others and the emergence rate of the 1st term was the factest one. 2.Among the terms, the photosynthetic activity was in its highest in the 1st term. Progressing curve of photosynthesis during the day showed similar patterns but the highest rate of photosynthesis occurred at noon in the first term, 1 P.M. in the second term, and 11 A. M. in the third term. 3.Fresh weight of the 3rd term increased to 158% compared to that of the 1st term. However, that of the 2nd term decreased to 54% and the rate of dry weight and of specific leaf area decreased, too.