활동과 직관을 강조한 측정 지도 : 넒이와 둘레를 중심으로

이경화 청주교육대학교 과학교육연구소 2001 科學과 數學敎育論文集 Vol.22 No.-

This is the study on teaching measurement based on activities and intuition in elementary mathematics education. There is a survey on the differences between the 6th curriculum and the new curriculum, the needs of introducing adequate activities to measurement lessons. We present lesson plans or ideas and materials of measurement.

대학 엘리트스포츠의 문제점과 과제

서경화 한국스포츠리서치 2005 한국 스포츠 리서치 Vol.16 No.2

An unchanging truth in the world is that everything changes. However, regardless of how our realities change, elite sport education in universities must aim at raising intellectually and physically mature persons, focused on education in preparation of the future. Elite sport education in universities must not give up the educational frame that holds the essential meaning of sport and must not raise mechanical humans with unbalanced development of functions under nationalism or victory-first ideology. There is nothing that remains to be true forever. Like the theory of thesis-antithesis-synthesis in which critical reasoning is applied to everything and new truth emerges or existing one is revised or supplemented, elite sport of university should be under critical consideration. The present study purposed to identify problems in elite sport in universities, the highest educational institutions in Korea, and to derive tasks for the desirable development of elite sport in the future. 1. Sport are essentially cooperative activities based on sportsmanship rather than competition. Thus university elite sport must be changed from overemphasized competition to education through planned physical activities based on amateurism. 2. KUSB needs to have a reformative will to develop sportsmen and sportswomen equipped with literary and physical arts based on the idea 'Sport players cannot be outstanding without studying' in the circle of university sport by adopting strict independent evaluation. 3. The idea that long training brings remarkable performance must be thrown away, and scientific athletic treatments should be applied based on the principle of individualization so that the efficiency of short training can be maximized. 4. Deeply rooted traditions in the sport world such as corporal punishment and violence materialize and dehumanize sport players. Recognizing that the field of university elite sport is a ground for human beings to educate human beings, it must be free from corporal punishment and violence. 5. All kinds of means and methods are mobilized to scout top-class players and this causes many problems. Thus it is absolutely required to establish an organization such as NCAA in USA to take disciplinary actions against morally blamable or impure behaviors as students or leaders. 6. It is necessary for each army to launch sports units as in the past to reduce problems in male players from military service. In addition, the Department of National Defense needs to create a department that manages and supervises each army's sport units. Moreover, if the sport science Research Institute is established and works in cooperation with each army's sport units for scientific training methods. it will make significant contribution to the activation of elite sport.

노인전문병동에 입원한 뇌졸중 환자의 낙상위험요인

박미화,송경애 노인간호학회 2005 노인간호학회지 Vol.7 No.1

Purpose: To identify the risk factors of falling in stroke patients. Method: Data collection was performed from the 438 stroke patients' medical record using. A questionnaire developed by the authors to survey falling. Data were analyzed by SAS program, through which the frequency, percentage, mean, standard deviation, t-test and x^(2)-test, and multiple logistic regression analysis. Results: The falling rate of subjects during their stay at the hospital was 14.2%. The length of stay was longer and the morbidity duration of stroke was shorter in the falling group than in the non-falling group. The risk of falling was 6.4 times higher in those who had experienced falling within 1 year before admission, 3.4 times in those with depression, 2.9 times in those with irritability, 2.0 times in those with urinary dysfunction, 5.7 times in those who used a quad cane in walking, and 3.3 times in those who used a walker. Conclusion: The risk factors of falling in stroke patients admitted to geriatric hospital include experience in falling, accompanying diseases and symptoms, walking level and assistive device used in walking. It is necessary to analyze the causes of falling based on results of the present study and to develop positive nursing interventions to prevent falling.

한국어 시간관계 연결어미의 의미적, 문법적 고찰

김경화 서울여자대학교 인문과학연구소 2011 인문논총 Vol.21 No.-

Basing on ‘-고 -고서 -아서, -며 -면서 -자 -자마자 -다가 -어다가 -더니 -았더니’, the Korean suffix of the time relation, the paper studies the semantic features and grammatical binding with simultaneity and order. It analyses the semantic feature in line with semantic shades through‘-고’ versus ‘-고서’, ‘-고’ versus ‘-아서’, ‘-며’ versus ‘-면서’, ‘-자’ versus ‘-자마자’, ‘-다가’ versus ‘-았다가’, ‘-다가’ versus ‘- 어 다가’ and‘-더니’ versus‘-았더니’. Meanwhile the analysis on grammatical binding carries out with subject binding, time binding, orthographic binding, and narrative binding. As the result, except for ‘ - 며 ’ versus‘-면서’and‘-자’versus ‘-자마자’ which are respectively on behalf of simultaneity and order, the rests present the great discrepancy in meaning and usage. Grammatically, except for ‘자’, ‘ - 더니 ’ and‘-았더니’, seldom of the rest suffix presents the orthographic binding. The entire suffix presents the obvious time binding on subject and predicate. The paper aims at studying the semantic features and grammatical binding of suffix on time relation, so that to help learners diminish the errors and ambiguity in practical usage. 이상 본고 에서는 시간관계 연결어미들의 의미적 특징과 문법적 제약을 밝혀보았다. 본고 의 내용을 요약 정리 하면 아래와 같다. 첫째, 시간 관계 연결 어미는 크게 동시관계 와 순차관계 로 나뉘는데 ,동시관계 의 연결어미에는'-고,-(으)며,-(으)면서,-아(서)/어(서)'가있고 , 순차 관계 의 연결 어미 에는 '-고, -고서,-아(서)/어(서),-자,-자마자,-다가,-아다가,-더니,-았더니'가있다. 둘째,(동시성)으로서의'-고'는 그 어떠한 상황 에 대한 구체적인 설명이 없이 선행행위 와 후행 행위 가 같은시간대 에 이루어지지만, '-아(서)/어(서)'는 선행행위 가 후행행위 의 상황즉 시간적 상황을 규정해줌과 동시에 그와 때를 같이하여 뒤의 행위가 이루어진다 는 점이다. (동시성)으로서의'-(으)며'와'-(으)면서'는 단순한 선후 행위를 시간적 으로 연결할 때 는 서로 바꾸어써도 의 네가 변 하지않지만, 선행실 과 후행실 의 내응 이 서로 대립상황 일때 는'-(으)며'가 쓰인다.

독일영화〈바바라Barbara(2012)>에 나타난 동독에서의 삶

전경화 충북대학교 인문학연구소 2022 人文學誌 Vol.- No.-

본문참고

여자농구선수의 진로를 위한 제언

서경화 한국스포츠리서치 2005 한국 스포츠 리서치 Vol.16 No.2

Sport is a social phenomenon that has the strongest power of drawing public attention. Sport is a part of life. one of composite arts and a community supplying manpower to various areas. Different from them in the past. now female basketball players can continue their play after marriage. In addition. they make efforts to have stable jobs and participate in social activities. These require the switchover of mentality that satisfies with the results of active actions rather than with the results of passive demanded actions. The present study investigated the current state of women's basketball in Korea and forecasted the future of female basketball players in order to make suggestions for female basketball players' switchover of mentality so that they live a stable life. display their special abilities as basket players in the competitive society after retirement and lead a successful life. From the results of this study were drawn conclusions as follows. 1. As basketball players' life as player is lengthened with the increase of business teams and professional teams. it is absolutely necessary for basketball players graduating from high school to change their future course to university. Female basketball players can extend their life as players by entering a university. In addition, college education is an essential process for inner growth through higher education and for the development of conscious persons through staged learning. 2. Now female basketball players must find opportunities for displaying their individual abilities in the society. For growing female basketball players called N, I and M generation. their retirement from play is not the end of their life. They must look for a way of equipping players not only with playing techniques but also with qualities and abilities as specialists, namely, raising expert manpower through education in order to meet human needs, and take interest in areas of future society with a sense of mission to contribute to the development of sports based on their vivid experiences as players. 3. After graduating from high school. female basket ball players may join a college team. business team or a professional team, but it may be desirable for them to have to spend at least two years in university before joining a professional or business team. What is absolutely necessary is to reconsider high school female basketball players' direct advancement to professional teams and business teams. 4. Because female basketball players' entering university is an essential step to their future life, the revision of systems related to university entrance by the association and each player's switchover of mentality for university entrance will open the way of future development in the circle of basketball.

우리나라 산재보험의 정신질환 인정실태

최경숙,이현주,김세진,이창화 大韓神經精神醫學會 2006 신경정신의학 Vol.45 No.3

Objectives : The purpose of this study was to determine characteristics of work-related psychiatric injuries with Korean Workers' compensation data. Methods : We analyzed the distribution of sex, age, types of work-related psychiatric disorders, type of industry and occupation. Using the data of 3175 Korean workers' compensation cases who were compensated for work-related psychiatric injuries from 2001 to 2003. Results : Work-related psychiatric injuries have increased annually. 897 cases, 1099 cases and 1179 cases were compensated during three years (2001-2003). Men accounted for many more cases than women. The most common age group was 41 -49. The majority of work-related psychiatric injuries were 'organic, including symptomatic, mental disorders', 'neurotic, stress-related and somatoform disorders' and 'mood [affective] disorders'. For accidental psychiatric injury cases construction and manufacturing were the most common industries. Manufacturing, business activities, construction and transport were common in regard to work-related psychiatric disorders. In this study there was a high frequency of craft and related trades workers, elementary occupations and plant and machine operators and assemblers in accidental psychiatric injury cases. Work-related psychiatric disorders were frequent for elementary occupations, plant and machine operators and assemblers, craft and related trades workers, service workers, legislators, senior officials and managers. Conclusion : This investigation provided more information about the psychiatric injuries of Korean workers. These findings should help formulate intervention and prevention strategies of work-related psychiatric disorders.

백석 시의 전개와 특질

강경화 반교어문학회 2003 泮橋語文硏究 Vol.15 No.-

백석의 시는 다양한 편차를 지닌 작품들이 혼재하고 있다. 초기 시는 주로 화자의 의식이나 내면의 개입 없이 이루어지는 ‘관찰과 사실의 세계’를 보여준다. 그러나 ??사슴?? 이후의 시들에서 점차 자신의 내면성을 투영시키는 방향으로 변모한다. 이 때의 시들은 주로 유랑의 행적과 관련되어 현실과의 매개물이 등장하고, 자신의 내면을 대상에 투사시키는 성향을 드러내면서 ‘생각한다’는 인식의 세계로 구성된다. 백석 시에서 인식 주체로서 시적 자아의 특징적인 징후는 ‘생각한다’이다. 회고와 반추와 사념의 언어로 표출되는 그의 시의 특성은 ‘생각’하는 과정 속에서 생겨난 것으로, 백석 시의 시작(詩作) 원리는 “이 추운 세상의 한 구석에 가난하고 쓸쓸한 내가 혼자 생각한다”의 형식이다. 백석 시를 전체적으로 기율하는 기본 형질은 비애의 정조이다. 어둡고 음산하던 토속적 풍물이 빛나는 감각적 이미지의 조형술에 의해 빛과 소리를 얻어 세련되고 은은한 광채를 발하지만, 그럼에도 한결같이 어둡고 쓸쓸한 분위기와 적막감이 무겁게 짓누르고 있다. 이러한 내면성은 내성적이고 결벽스런 성격, 유랑의 고달픈 삶과 상실감, 그리고 세계와 대상을 애상과 연민으로 바라보려는 시관에서 연유한다. 이 때문에 백석의 시 중에서 절절한 아름다움을 발하고 있는 것은 비애의 정조와 자기사념의 합일이 극적으로 고양되어 있는 시들이다. 또한 백석 시가 궁극적으로 보여주는 것은 소멸과 사라짐이다. 그의 시선이 향하는 곳은 명백한 부재의 공간이자 상황이다. 유년의 삶이란 그에게 소멸하는 생과 유전의 삶을 복원할 수 있는 원형공간에 해당한다. 그는 이 원형공간의 시화을 통해 자신의 존재 근거와 삶의 동일성을 회복하려 한다. 고향의 재현과 복원이라는 특징은 여기에서 연유하고 있다. 백석은 기억과 상상력의 결합을 통해 유년의 공간을 복원하고자 했던 것이다. 기억과 상상력으로 재구성된 유년의 문 너머에는 훼손되지 않은 삶이 온전히 살아 있었기 때문이다. Baekseok's poems are mixed with works with various deviations. His early poem mainly showed 'the world of observation and reality' without the speaker's intervention of consciousness and inside. But it is transformed to the direction of reflecting his internality gradually in the poem after ??Saseum??. As for the poems in those days, media with the reality are appeared related to the wandering deed mainly. It is composed of the world of recognition, 'think', revealing his propensity that makes his inside projected to the object. In the poems by Baekseok, the distinguished symptom of poetic ego as the subject of recognition is 'think'. The characteristics of his poem expressed by the words of retrospect, rumination, and thoughts come under the process of 'thinking'. The principle of composing poems in Baekseok's poems has a form that “I, poor and lonely, think alone in a corner of this cold world.” The basic character ordering Baekseok's poems generally is a mood of sorrow. Dark and dismal local country and people obtain a light and a sound by formative feature of shiny sensuous image and shed soft glow of luster. Nevertheless, dark and dismal atmosphere and a feeling of loneliness weigh heavily on our mind uniformly. This internality originates in introvert and fastidious character, troubles of wandering and sense of loss, and the viewpoint of a poem that watches the world and the object as sorrow and pity. Baekseok's poems with ardent beauty are poems that a mood of sorrow and a unity of own thoughts are raised dramatically. Also, the ultimate view in Baekseok's poems is extension and disappearance. The place where he aims is a place and a situation of absence clearly. The life in his childhood corresponds to the archetypical space that can restore the extinguished life and inherited life. He tried to restore his background of existence and the identity of his life through the poetization in this archetypical space. The characteristics of reappearance and restoration of hometown are originated from here. Baekseok tried to restore the space in his childhood through the combination with the memory and imagination. The reason is why the undamaged life is still living over the gate of childhood reconstructing with the memory and imagination perfectly.

제주도 전통놀이의 문화적 이해

이경화 부산유아교육학회 2003 유아교육논총 Vol.11 No.-

본 연구는 제주도에서 출생하고 거주해온 60세 이상 노인 129명의 면접과 문헌을 통해 전통놀이를 수집하고, 문화라는 맥락에서 전통놀이가 갖는 의미를 해석하는데 목적을 두었다. 제주 전통사회라는 시간과 공간적 차원에 대한 주체의 대응양식이라는 측면에서 고찰한 결과, 제주의 전통놀이는 개인적 극기와 공동체적 협력을 통한 환경에의 도전적 기제이자, 현실에의 적응을 위한 노동과 놀이의 동일시의 기제, 그리고 무속적 신앙놀이를 통한 현실에의 초월지향적 기제로서 그 문화적 의미를 지니고 있음을 알 수 있었다. The purpose of the study is to interpret the cultural meaning of traditional plays in Jeju. The methods include interviews with 129 old women over 60 and literature review. 81 traditional plays of children were collected. The study analyzes these plays into three kinds of human responses to his/her environments challenge, adaptation, and transcendence. The results indicate that the traditional plays of children in Jeju represent three categories: resistance to the environment through individual fortitude and communal collaborative plays: identification of labor with plays for adaptation to sterile natural environment of Jeju: sharing transcendental ideas through shamanistic plays. The study suggests further comparison of Jeju, the rest of Korea, and similar cultural backgrounded areas with cultural-anthropological perspective.

韓國産 擔子菌類의 抗菌成分에 관한 硏究 (III) : 10種의 擔子菌에 대한 抗菌成分 檢索

鄭敬壽,白貞花,柳柄泰,金炳珏 충남대학교 약학대학 의약품개발연구소 1987 藥學論文集 Vol.3 No.-

The ether, methanol, and physiological saline extracts of the dried carpophores of ten basidiomycetes, which were collected from several locations of Korea, were subjected to a screening test for antibiotic activity by disc-plate method using Sarcina lutea, Bacillus subtilis, Escherichia coli, and Serratia marcescens as target organisms. As the result, the methanol extract of five basidiomycetes-Amanita rebescens, Amanita solitaria, Lactarius vellereus, Latarius subzonarius and Scleroderma verrucosum-were found te have antibiotic activity. Among them, the methanol extracts of A. rubescens and L. vellereus exerted strong activity against both of the gram positive and negative bacteria. The ether extracts of A. rubescens and S. verrucosum also showed activity against S. lutea. The physiological saline extract, however, showed no activity at all.