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Augmentation of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase-dependent neuronal cell death by acidosis
Zhang, Jian,Li, Xiaoling,Kwansa, Herman,Kim, Yun Tai,Yi, Liye,Hong, Gina,Andrabi, Shaida A,Dawson, Valina L,Dawson, Ted M,Koehler, Raymond C,Yang, Zeng-Jin SAGE Publications 2017 Journal of cerebral blood flow and metabolism Vol.37 No.6
<P> Tissue acidosis is a key component of cerebral ischemic injury, but its influence on cell death signaling pathways is not well defined. One such pathway is parthanatos, in which oxidative damage to DNA results in activation of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase and generation of poly(ADP-ribose) polymers that trigger release of mitochondrial apoptosis-inducing factor. In primary neuronal cultures, we first investigated whether acidosis per sé is capable of augmenting parthanatos signaling initiated pharmacologically with the DNA alkylating agent, N-methyl- N′-nitro- N-nitrosoguanidine. Exposure of neurons to medium at pH 6.2 for 4 h after N-methyl- N′-nitro- N-nitrosoguanidine washout increased intracellular calcium and augmented the N-methyl- N′-nitro- N-nitrosoguanidine-evoked increase in poly(ADP-ribose) polymers, nuclear apoptosis-inducing factor , and cell death. The augmented nuclear apoptosis-inducing factor and cell death were blocked by the acid-sensitive ion channel-1a inhibitor, psalmotoxin. In vivo, acute hyperglycemia during transient focal cerebral ischemia augmented tissue acidosis, poly(ADP-ribose) polymers formation, and nuclear apoptosis-inducing factor , which was attenuated by a poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibitor. Infarct volume from hyperglycemic ischemia was decreased in poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase 1-null mice. Collectively, these results demonstrate that acidosis can directly amplify neuronal parthanatos in the absence of ischemia through acid-sensitive ion channel-1a . The results further support parthanatos as one of the mechanisms by which ischemia-associated tissue acidosis augments cell death. </P>
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A Financial Ratio‐Based Predicting Model for Hotel Business Failure
Shan‐Shan Zhai,Jeong‐Gil Choi,Francis Kwansa 사람과세계경영학회 2015 Global Business and Finance Review Vol.20 No.1
The purposes of this study were to find financial ratios that uniquely characterize failed hotel firms, and develop a multiple discriminant model which can predict business failure in the Korean hotel industry. Nine financial ratios that classify 86 hotel firms into failed and non‐failed groups were identified. Of these nine ratios, two, including debt ratio and fixed assets turnover ratio, were extracted and their prediction accuracy in terms of hit ratio was 91.9%. The model suggests that debt‐burdened firms with low fixed asset turnover ratio are more likely to fail. It means that a prudent debt financing policy is necessary to avoid business failure and fixed assets must be used effectively in order to maintain a viable enterprise. Prediction models for business failure are not homogeneous across all countries. Hotel investors and creditors can benefit from the model in screening out failing firms and lowering their investment risk.
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A Financial Ratio‐Based Predicting Model for Hotel Business Failure
Shan‐,Shan Zhai,Jeong‐,Gil Choi,Francis Kwansa People&Global Business Association 2015 Global Business and Finance Review Vol.20 No.1
The purposes of this study were to find financial ratios that uniquely characterize failed hotel firms, and develop a multiple discriminant model which can predict business failure in the Korean hotel industry. Nine financial ratios that classify 86 hotel firms into failed and non‐failed groups were identified. Of these nine ratios, two, including debt ratio and fixed assets turnover ratio, were extracted and their prediction accuracy in terms of hit ratio was 91.9%. The model suggests that debt‐burdened firms with low fixed asset turnover ratio are more likely to fail. It means that a prudent debt financing policy is necessary to avoid business failure and fixed assets must be used effectively in order to maintain a viable enterprise. Prediction models for business failure are not homogeneous across all countries. Hotel investors and creditors can benefit from the model in screening out failing firms and lowering their investment risk.
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