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Jeong, Kwangbok,Hong, Taehoon,Kim, Jimin Elsevier 2018 Energy and buildings Vol.158 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>To achieve the national CO<SUB>2</SUB> emission reduction target (CERT) in the building sector established together with the launching of POST-2020, various countries are introducing the emission trading scheme (ETS), which is considered to have a considerable effect on CO<SUB>2</SUB> emission reduction. Towards this end, it is important to establish a reasonable CO<SUB>2</SUB> emission benchmark for the effective allocation of CO<SUB>2</SUB> emission allowances. As the previous CO<SUB>2</SUB> emission benchmark, however, was focused on the industry sector (e.g., power generation sector, manufacturing sector, etc.), it is difficult to apply to the building sector. To solve this problem, this study aimed to develop a CO<SUB>2</SUB> emission benchmark for allocating CO<SUB>2</SUB> emission allowances in multi-family housing complexes (MFHCs). This study was conducted in three steps: (i) establishment of the database; (ii) formation of clusters using a decision tree (DT); and (iii) development of the CO<SUB>2</SUB> emission benchmark for MFHCs. The nine CO<SUB>2</SUB> emission benchmarks (i.e., 0.03116-0.06667 tCO<SUB>2</SUB>/m<SUP>2</SUP> year) for MFHCs were developed using a DT based on the heating type and the elapsed years, and were validated using the Kruskal-Wallis test and <I>t</I>-test. It was shown that using the developed CO<SUB>2</SUB> emission benchmark for MFHCs to calculate the national CO<SUB>2</SUB> emission reduction in MFHCs satisfied the national CERT (18.1%). On the other hand, when the CO<SUB>2</SUB> emission benchmarks for MFHCs calculated based on the South Korean ETS and the EU ETS, which were applied to the industry sector, were used, the national CO<SUB>2</SUB> emission reduction was −5.29 and 45.55%, respectively. The proposed CO<SUB>2</SUB> emission benchmark for MFHCs may be useful for policymaking for determining the allocation of CO<SUB>2</SUB> emission allowances for achieving the national CERT.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> A reasonable classification process was proposed using the decision tree method. </LI> <LI> Benchmark was developed to meet the national CO2 emissions reduction target by 2030. </LI> <LI> The data mining and statistical methodologies were used in this study. </LI> <LI> The CO2 emission allowance by cluster was estimated based on CO2 emission benchmark. </LI> <LI> It can help policy-makers in determining the allocation of CO2 emission allowance. </LI> </UL> </P>
Jeong, Kwangbok,Hong, Taehoon,Kim, Jimin,Cho, Kyuman PERGAMON 2019 RENEWABLE AND SUSTAINABLE ENERGY REVIEWS Vol.110 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Measures to improve the building energy efficiency of deteriorated multi-family housing complexes (MFHCs) require trade-offs between economic and environmental feasibility, and therefore these aspects should be considered simultaneously. Towards this end, this study aimed to develop a multi-objective optimization model for determining the optimal CO<SUB>2</SUB> emission reduction (CER) strategies for MFHCs that can be used not only by experts but also by non-experts. This study used integrated multi-objective optimization with a genetic algorithm as an optimization methodology. The developed model, which considers the five optimization objectives (i.e., initial investment cost, net present value, savings-to-investment cost, CER, and marginal abatement cost) at the same time, can review a total of 31,200 scenarios combined with four energy saving measures (i.e., insulation, window, lighting, and shading systems). To verify the feasibility of the developed model, this study conducted a case study targeting ‘D’ MFHC in South Korea. First, the accuracy of the calibration of the energy simulation model for ‘D’ MFHC (coefficient of variation of the root mean square error: 12.84%; mean bias error: 0.39%) satisfied the criteria of ASHRAE Guideline 14; second, I8 (expanded polystyrene board - type 1 (No. 4))-L3 (LED lighting installed in louvered ceiling) and I8 (expanded polystyrene board - type 1 (No. 4)) - L4 (ceiling-mounted light) were determined to be the optimal CER strategy (integrated multi-objective optimization score: 0.2252). The developed model can help building owners make the optimal decision on green modeling by entering simple information (e.g., region, total floor area, etc.).</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Optimization model was developed to determine the CO<SUB>2</SUB> emissions reduction strategy. . </LI> <LI> Model considered calibration of simulation model and energy saving measures. </LI> <LI> A total of 31,200 CO<SUB>2</SUB> emission reduction scenarios were generated. </LI> <LI> Target Building can reduce the CO<SUB>2</SUB> emissions up to 13.14% through optimal strategy. </LI> <LI> Model can help building owners make the optimal decision on green remodeling. </LI> </UL> </P>
최광복(Kwangbok Choi) 한국정보보호학회 2012 情報保護學會誌 Vol.22 No.8
북한은 사이버공간을 해방구로 보고 지난 2003년도에 인터넷 대란 공격을 실시한 이래 사이버 공격을 지속적이고 강력하게 감행하고 있다. 지난해에는 농협전산망을 공격하였으며 최근에는 서해상에서 GPS교란 공격을 실시하여 인천 국제공항에 이착륙하는 항공기에 심각한 위협을 초래하기도 하였다. 이처럼 북한을 포함한 전 세계적인 사이버 공격이 이제는 국가안보상의 심대한 위협이 되고 있어 각국은 사이버전 대비에 심혈을 기울이고 있다. 이제 우리나라는 사이버공격을 가장 많이 받는 국가 중의 하나가 되고 있다. 국가적인 사이버위협이 지속되는 상황하에서 국방차원에서의 사이버대응 실태를 살펴보고 발전책을 제시하고자 한다.
Jeong, Kwangbok,Hong, Taehoon,Chae, Myeongsoo,Kim, Jimin,Lee, Minhyun,Koo, Choongwan,Ji, Changyoon Elsevier 2017 Energy and buildings Vol.152 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Shallow geothermal potential needs to be evaluated when introducing the ground source heat pump (GSHP) system. Accurate evaluation of shallow geothermal potential can be done by estimating underground thermal properties with precision. The data previously established from measuring underground thermal properties, however, have limitations in that the locations where the measurements were made were not identical. Therefore, this study aimed to develop a hybrid model for estimating UGT using the finite element method (FEM) and the kriging method. This study was conducted in three steps: (i) data collection; (ii) estimation of the UGT in 216 non-measurement locations using FEM and the kriging method; and (iii) estimation of the shallow geothermal potential using the geothermal potential (G.POT) method. The average mean absolute percentage error of the hybrid model (3.67%) was lower than those of the other estimation models using FEM and the kriging method (FEM: 4.62%; Kriging method: 6.34%). Thus, the analysis showed that the developed hybrid model was the most suitable method for estimating UGT in all the length ranges (65–250m) where the ground heat exchanger was to be installed. The hybrid model can help policy makers evaluate shallow geothermal potential at the national level.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> The developed hybrid model can estimate the undisturbed ground temperature. </LI> <LI> This study used the finite element method, kriging method, and G.POT method. </LI> <LI> G.POT method was introduced considering the underground environment in South Korea. </LI> <LI> The developed hybrid model was improved in terms of the estimation accuracy. </LI> <LI> It can help policy makers evaluate the shallow geothermal potential. </LI> </UL> </P>
Jeong, Kwangbok,Ji, Changyoon,Kim, Hyunjung,Hong, Taehoon,Cho, Kyuman,Lee, Jaewook Elsevier 2019 Journal of Cleaner Production Vol.239 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>The sustainable building materials and construction methods have been recently highlighted to reduce the environmental and human health impacts. The steel sump is regarded as a suitable alternative to the concrete sump as it has a lower economic impact, but further research on its environmental and human health impacts has yet to be conducted. Thus, this study conducted an integrated assessment of the environmental, human health, and economic impacts of the concrete and steel sumps using life cycle assessment. When the environmental, human health, and economic impacts are considered at the same time, the installation scenarios of the steel sump were superior to those of the concrete sump by 11.35–152.24%. Especially, SS-3 (i.e., installation scenarios #3 of steel sump) has 93.04 and 89.18% lower environmental and human health impacts, respectively, as well as an 81.47% lower construction cost compared to CS-3 (i.e., installation scenarios #3 of concrete sump). This is because the differences in the building material and the practical construction method used determine the environmental, human health, and economic impacts of the sump. The results will help designers or construction managers determine the installation scenario of the sump by considering its environmental, human health, and economic impacts.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> An integrated assessment method of building material was proposed in this study. </LI> <LI> An integrated assessment considers environmental, human health, and economic impacts. </LI> <LI> All installation scenarios of steel sump are superior to those of concrete sump. </LI> <LI> Integrated score can be used as a guideline for selecting building material. </LI> <LI> It can help decision-makers to determine the optimal installation scenario of sump. </LI> </UL> </P>