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Ku, Y.,Ahn, J.w.,Kwon, C.,Kim, D.Y.,Suh, M.W.,Park, M.K.,Lee, J.H.,Oh, S.H.,Kim, H.C. Elsevier/North-Holland,Biomedical Press 2017 Hearing research Vol.348 No.-
<P>The present study aimed to investigate whether gap-prepulse inhibition (GPI) deficit in patients with tinnitus occurred in the N1-P2 complex of the cortical auditory evoked potential. Auditory late responses to the intense sound of the GPI paradigm were obtained from 16 patients with tinnitus and 18 age- and hearing loss-matched controls without tinnitus. The inhibition degrees of the N1-P2 complex were assessed at 100-, 50-, and 20-ms gap durations with tinnitus-pitch-matched and non-matched frequency background noises. At the 20-ms gap condition with the tinnitus-pitch-matched frequency background noise, only the tinnitus group showed an inhibition deficit of the N1-P2 complex. The inhibition deficits were absent in both groups with longer gap durations. These findings suggested that the effect of tinnitus emerged depending on the cue onset timing and duration of the gap-prepulse. Since inhibition deficits were observed in both groups at the same 20-ms gap condition, but with the tinnitus-pitch-non-matched frequency background noise, the present study did not offer proof of concept for tinnitus filling in the gap. Additional studies on the intrinsic effects of different background frequencies on the gap processing are required in the future. (C) 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.</P>
남궁 규완,안강수,원성필 울산대학교 1996 공학연구논문집 Vol.27 No.1
본 연구는 동판, 탄소강판, 스테인레스강판의 가열면상 증류수 액적의 증발시간 및 표면의 온도변화에 대한 것으로 가열면의 초기온도는 핵비등이 존재하는 최저온도로부터 최고 온도 영역의 범위 내에서 논했다. 액적 밑면의 가열면 온도는, Rohsenow가 제시한 푸울 핵비등 열전달 관계식을 사용하여, 2차원 천이 열전도 해석으로부터 계산했으며, 가열면 재질 및 초기 액적크기 등에 따라 합리적인 변화 결과를 얻었다. 또한 본 연구에서 제시한 액적증발 모델은 액적과 가열면간의 접촉면적 변화를 계산하는데 사용되었다. 시간에 의존하는 접촉면 온도와 액적의 기하학적 형상 변화로부터, 특정 액체/고체조합에서 전 증발시간을, 초기 가열면 온도와 초기 액적 크기와 관련하여, 예측했다. This paper discusses the evaporation time of a pure water droplet on smooth surface of copper, carbon steel and stainless steel. The initial surface temperature ranges from the lowest limit to the highest limit of the nucleate boiling region. The surface temperature just below the droplet is calculated from the 2 dimensional transient conduction, using the transfer correlating equation of nucleate pool boiling proposed by Rohsenow. And the evaporation model proposed in this paper is used to calculate the changes of contact area between liquid droplet and heated surface. With these time dependent values of surface temperature and those of geometrical shape of droplet, the total evaporation time for a specific liquid-solid combination can be predicted as the initial surface temperature and the initial droplet size. The predicted evaporation times are compared with the experimental data. Though the present model consists of some assumptions which include bubble waiting time, heat transfer coefficient and the shape of liquid droplet on surface, the predictions and measurements are in good agreement.
裵奎範 경희대학교 인문학연구소 2000 인문학연구 Vol.4 No.-
The objective of this paper is to examine the Buddhist view of both literature and language. First of all, by comparing the Zen sect with non-Zen Buddhism, this paper approached to conclude the Buddhist view of both literature and language. The conclusion of this paper is the following. Buddha has expended many Bud-dhist writing for that mankind will perceive a truth as a spirit power of own. That is ‘팔만사천법문(八萬四千法門)’ and the writing of this words are called ‘팔만대장경(八萬大藏經)’. Above this, from ancient time the Zen sect that is token the heart in Korean Buddhism especially at present left many books, the Script, analects, 공안집(公安集), 게송(偈頌). But The Buddhist Faction insist on dening these authorities. Because 불립문자(不立文字) was the center of the Zen sect, they assert a negation for the language. This was diposed Zen monks Who were lived from Koyro to Choson. Turthermore, these trends had changed in direction of meeting the demand of the times, Zen monks had made out many works in literature. For reference, this paper is on the assumption that is studing for the history of Korean Buddhist literature.
崔圭晃,金仁湖,崔洪守 慶尙大學校 1980 論文集 Vol.19 No.1
According to the swarm theory of the nematic liquid crystals, ware investigated the ultrasonic attenuation phenomena under the strong external condition such as the shear, thermal and electric field. The experimental results were shown to be distinguishable from the normal conditions. The periodical curve representing the attenuation in the shear field was appeared as the sine curve. It was considered that these phenomena were due to the long molecules orientation effect.
한국산 박새 Parus major 소리(song) 의 구조적 특징과 지리적 변이
함규황,홍길표 경남대학교 환경문제연구소 1997 환경연구 Vol.19 No.-
Studies on the variation state and the structural features of the Great tit's song due to geographical isolation were analyzed among Cheju-do, a geographically fully-isolated region and two inland areas far from being isolated each other. It was found that the variation coefficient of the Great tit's song was higher in the time factor of notes than in its frequency factor, irrespective of the geographical isolation. Each frequency factor of three areas was found to be remarkably correlative with its area, and to have a certain frequency range. After an analysis to measure the variation state among the above areas, it was found that whereas the voice features were common the great extent between Mt. Y□nwha and Mt. Y□hang, those in Cheju-do were considerably different from those in the other areas.
케인즈 理論의 限界와 批判 : 通貨主義學派, 合理的期待理論 및 供給經濟學을 中心으로
金貴永 건국대학교 1982 論文集 Vol.15 No.1
The keynesian economics has been built up the main current of world economy from world war II to 1960's. But, its efficiency was greatly reduced since 1960's and its economic policy failed to solve the stagflation which coincide with the inflation and unemployment. So, the keynesian paradigm was confronted with the uppermost limit and the critical theories which make a challenge to the keynesian economies came out since 1965. The three critical theories will be studied in this paper. First, the Monetarists were in a naked contrast the keynesian in the theory of Money and Banking. Second, the national Expectations theory was insisted on by R. Lucas in early 1970's, the core of this theory is that if the economic policy of government headed for the inflation, all of the national people behaved under the state of inflation expectation, so, inflation became fixed, and the aggregate demand management policy meet with failure. Third, the Supply-Side economists present that the economic policy ought to bring to a focus in the aggregate supply side than in the aggregate demand side and must to enlarge the supply and production possibility. As mentioned above, the three counterrevolutions against the keynesian economics are different respectively in the theoretical frame and policy, but, its common points is the new protectism.
家兎의 前庭眼球反射에 대한 Amphetamine 및 Diazepamdm의 影嚮
이귀행,박병림,류성훈 大韓神經精神醫學會 1990 신경정신의학 Vol.29 No.4
The effects of amphetamine and diazepam on the control of body posture were examined in unanesthetized rabbits. Vestibuloocular reflex(VOR) was elicited by rotation of whole body at frequency of 0.1, 0.2, 0.3Hz by means of sinusoidal rotator in the dark. The following results were obtained. 1) In normal VOR, the frequency and the velocity of nystagmus were increased by increasing the frequency of stimulus rotation from 0.1Hz to 0.3Hz. 2) In amphetamine treated VOR, the frequency and the velocity of nystagmus were increased at all of 3 stimulus frequencies, but any significant differences of the velocity of nystagmus between different stimulus frequencies were not observed. 3) In diazepam treated VOR, the frequency and the velocity of nystagmus were decreased at all of 3 stimulus frequencies, but any significant differences of the frequency and the velocity of nystagmus between different stimulus frequencies were not observed. 4) The actions of amphetamine and diazepam on the VOR were contradictory. These data suggest that amphetamine and diazepam may impair the control of body posture by increasing or decreasing the VOR respectively, through their action on the central nervous system but not on the vestibular system.
양규호,박미란,최남기,박은혜 大韓小兒齒科學會 2001 大韓小兒齒科學會誌 Vol.28 No.4
우수한 심미성 수복재료로서 복합레진은 그 사용 빈도가 증가하고 있다. 이런 증가 추세에도 불구하고 복합레진의 부적절한 마모저항성 때문에 구치부 수복에서의 사용이 제한되어왔다. 이와 관련된 인자로 수복물의 표면하 분해가 고려되고 있다. 본 연구에서는 복합레진의 마모에 미치는 환경적 분해의 효과를 알기 위해 알카리성 용액(0.1 N NaOH)에 현재 많이 사용되는 Definite(Degussa-Hu¨ls AG, Germany), Prodigy(Kerr, USA), Pyramid(Bisco, USA) 및 Synergy(Coltene, Swiss)등 4종의 복합레진을 보관하였을 때 각 제품의 분해과정을 평가하고자 하였다. 각 제품 당 3개의 시편을 제작한 후 0.1N NaOH 용액에 저장하여 60℃에서 보관하였다. 2주 후 제거하여 HCI로 중화, 세척 후 60℃에서 건조하였다. 무게 손실, 분해층 깊이, Si 농도 등을 기준으로 분해저항성을 평가하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1. 무게 손실은 Synergy에서 1.24±0.002%로 가장 높은 값을 보였으나 각 제품간 유의한 차이는 보이지 않았다. 2. 분해층 깊이는 Synergy에서 107.83±2.52㎛로 가장 높은 값을 보였고, Synergy를 제외한 다른 제품에서는 유의한 차이를 보이지 않았다. 3. Si 용출량에 있어서는 4가지 제품 모두 차이를 보이지 않았다. 4. 무게 손실과 분해층 깊이 사이에는 높은 상관 관계를 보였다(r=0.6127, p<0.05). 5. 무게 손실과 Si 용출량, 분해층 깊이와 Si 용출량 사이에 상관 관계는 없는 것으로 나타났다. 6. 주사전자현미경 관찰시 NaOH 용액에 보관한 후 레진 기질과 필러 사이의 결합 파괴를 관찰할 수 있었다. The use of resin composites has continued to increase over the last several years. In spite of their growing popularity, composites continue to exhibit a number of undesirable characteristics. One of the major deficiencies of composite restorative resins is their inadequate resistance to wear. Of the multitude of factors that have been associated with wear, subsurface degradation within the restoration is considered to be one. The aim of this study was to evaluate the resistance to degradation of four commercial composite resins in an alkaline solution. This solution with a high concentration of hydroxyl ions is a convenient medium for accelerated degradation of silane coupling and filler particles. The brands studies were Definite(Degussa-Hu¨ls AG, Germany), Prodigy(Kerr, USA), Pyramid(Bisco, USA) and Synergy(Coltene, Swiss). Preweighed discs of each brand were exposed to 0.1N NaOH solution at 60℃. After 14 days they were removed, neutralized with HCI, washed with water and dried. Resistance to degradation was evaluated on the basis of following parameters: (a) mass loss(%)-determined from pre-and post-exposed specimen weights; (b) Si loss(ppm)-obtained from ICP-AE analysis of solution exposed to specimens; and (c) degradation depth(㎛)-measured microscopically (SEM) from polished circular sections of exposed specimens. The results were follows: 1. Mass loss of Synergy was 1.24±0.002%. it was the highest, there was no significant difference among the materials. 2. The degree of degradation layer depth of Synergy was 107.83±2.52㎛, it was the highest, there was no significant difference among any other materials than Synergy. 3. There was no difference among the four materials in Si loss. 4. The correlation coefficient between mass loss and degradation depth was relatively high(r=0.06, p<0.05). 5. There was no coefficient correlation between Si loss and mass loss, the degree of degradation layer depth and Si loss. 6. When observed with SEM, destruction of bonding is observed between resin matrix and filler.