Veterinary antibiotics (VAs) contamination as a global agro-ecological issue: A critical view

Kuppusamy, Saranya,Kakarla, Dhatri,Venkateswarlu, Kadiyala,Megharaj, Mallavarapu,Yoon, Young-Eun,Lee, Yong Bok Elsevier 2018 Agriculture, ecosystems & environment Vol.257 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Veterinary antibiotics (VAs) are used worldwide in animal farming as drugs to treat or prevent diseases and serve as feed additives. VAs are usually poorly sorbed in the animal gut, and the majority are excreted unchanged or as their recalcitrant metabolites in feces and urine. More importantly, animal wastes are frequently employed in agriculture as a supplement to fertilizer, raising a major international concern about the potential impacts of VAs on agro-ecosystems. Increasing use of these manures in agriculture is thus posing a threat in the form of rapid increase in antibiotic resistance. The current review critically summarizes available literature on the global consumption, exposure pathways, occurrence, fate and environmental effects of VAs in manure-fertilized agricultural soils. Recognizing the importance of the issue of VA resistance in the environment, we focused on the increased abundance and transferability of VA resistance determinants, highlighting details as to how they contribute to the change in human microbiome. Notably, existing regulations and research gaps in association with the spread of VAs and their resistance due to manure application in agricultural fields are also outlined. Finally, we highlight the areas that future research should prioritize and propose certain strategies that could help curtail VAs occurrence and the danger they pose to agro-ecosystems.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Veterinary antibiotics (VAs) in manure pose serious threats to agro-ecosystems. </LI> <LI> Fate and impact of VAs in manure-fertilized agricultural soils are not well understood. </LI> <LI> Regulations for reducing the use and spread of VAs in the environment are limited. </LI> <LI> Research on VAs occurrence and their adverse effects can lead to practical benefits. </LI> <LI> Systematic management strategies to limit spread of VAs have been proposed. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>

Does long-term application of fertilizers enhance the micronutrient density in soil and crop?—Evidence from a field trial conducted on a 47-year-old rice paddy

Kuppusamy, S.,Yoon, Y. E.,Kim, S. Y.,Kim, J. H.,Kim, H. T.,Lee, Y. B. Springer Science + Business Media 2018 Journal of soils and sediments Vol.18 No.1

<P>Optimized long-term application of compost with NPK fertilizers to soils is a potential grain fortification strategy. Long-term fertilization will not reasonably benefit individuals who consume only white rice, because bran with enriched micronutrients will be removed by milling. We suggest replacing the consumption of white rice by brown rice so that individuals have a better micronutrient intake.</P>

Remediation approaches for polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) contaminated soils: Technological constraints, emerging trends and future directions

Kuppusamy, Saranya,Thavamani, Palanisami,Venkateswarlu, Kadiyala,Lee, Yong Bok,Naidu, Ravi,Megharaj, Mallavarapu Pergamon Press 2017 Chemosphere Vol.168 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>For more than a decade, the primary focus of environmental experts has been to adopt risk-based management approaches to cleanup PAH polluted sites that pose potentially destructive ecological consequences. This focus had led to the development of several physical, chemical, thermal and biological technologies that are widely implementable. Established remedial options available for treating PAH contaminated soils are incineration, thermal conduction, solvent extraction/soil washing, chemical oxidation, bioaugmentation, biostimulation, phytoremediation, composting/biopiles and bioreactors. Integrating physico-chemical and biological technologies is also widely practiced for better cleanup of PAH contaminated soils. Electrokinetic remediation, vermiremediation and biocatalyst assisted remediation are still at the development stage. Though several treatment methods to remediate PAH polluted soils currently exist, a comprehensive overview of all the available remediation technologies to date is necessary so that the right technology for field-level success is chosen. The objective of this review is to provide a critical overview in this respect, focusing only on the treatment options available for field soils and ignoring the spiked ones. The authors also propose the development of novel multifunctional green and sustainable systems like mixed cell culture system, biosurfactant flushing, transgenic approaches and nanoremediation in order to overcome the existing soil- contaminant- and microbial-associated technological limitations in tackling high molecular weight PAHs. The ultimate objective is to ensure the successful remediation of long-term PAH contaminated soils.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Summary of the extent and status of global PAHs contamination in soil. </LI> <LI> Overview of established remediation approaches for PAHs and their costs. </LI> <LI> Indication of emerging options for the cleanup of PAHs polluted sites. </LI> <LI> Proposal of novel multifunctional green and sustainable cleanup systems for future. </LI> <LI> Focus only on the treatment of field soils and not spiked soils. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>

Synthesis of Bimetallic Nanoparticles (Au–Ag Alloy) Using Commelina nudiflora L. Plant Extract and Study its on Oral Pathogenic Bacteria

Kuppusamy, P.,Ilavenil, S.,Srigopalram, S.,Kim, D. H.,Govindan, N.,Maniam, G. P.,Yusoff, M. M.,Choi, K. C. Springer Science + Business Media 2017 Journal of inorganic and organometallic polymers a Vol.27 No.2

<P>In present study, biosynthesis of Au-Ag alloy nanoparticles (NPs) using Commelina nudiflora aqueous extract as a stabilizing and reducing agent is reported. The crystalline nature, size, shape and composition of synthesized Au-Ag alloy NPs were characterized by UV-Vis spectrophotometer, field emission scanning electron spectroscopy, energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, transmission electron microscope, X-ray diffraction and fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR). The synthesized Au-Ag alloy NPs exhibited different ranges of sizes between 20 and 80 nm with different morphology such as spherical, rod and triangular. FT-IR spectral data revealed that the plant extract contains amine, alcohol, phenol and alkane molecules which are critically involved in the formation of Au-Ag alloy NPs. Finally, the biosynthesized Au-Ag alloys NPs exhibited a strong minimum inhibitory, minimum bactericidal activity against selected oral pathogenic bacteria. The present study gives an important suggestion on plant extract mediated synthesis bimetallic NPs (Au-Ag alloy) emphasis on oral pathogenic bacteria activities.</P>

<i>Quercus robur</i> acorn peel as a novel coagulating adsorbent for cationic dye removal from aquatic ecosystems

Kuppusamy, Saranya,Venkateswarlu, Kadiyala,Thavamani, Palanisami,Lee, Yong Bok,Naidu, Ravi,Megharaj, Mallavarapu Elsevier 2017 Ecological engineering Vol.101 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Oak acorn peel (OP) was used in natural form for the removal of cationic dyes, methylene blue (MB), acridine orange (AO) and malachite green (MG) from aqueous solutions. OP removed 60–97% of 600mgL<SUP>−1</SUP> dyes at wide ranging pH (2–10). Adsorption equilibriums were attained within 3h. Sorbent (5gL<SUP>−1</SUP>) adsorption capacity was 109.43, 115.92 and 111.85mgg<SUP>−1</SUP> for MB, AO and MG, respectively. Adsorption kinetics was described using pseudo-second-order model. Equilibrium adsorption data were interpreted by Langmuir and Freundlich isotherms. Dye removal was by coagulation-coupled adsorption. Coagulation was due to the formation of complexes between the dye molecules and OP polyphenols that led to the deposition of precipitated flocs.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Oak acorn peel (OP) effectively removed cationic dyes by biosorption. </LI> <LI> Dye removal by OP was not influenced by temperature. </LI> <LI> Pseudo-second-order kinetic, Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm models were fitted. </LI> <LI> Mechanism of dye removal was by coagulation-coupled adsorption process. </LI> <LI> OP rapidly removed the dyes from artificially spiked wastewater. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>

Oviposition deterrent, ovicidal and gravid mortality effects of ethanolic extract of Andrographis paniculata Nees against the malarial vector Anopheles stephensi Liston (Diptera: Culicidae)

Kuppusamy CHENNIAPPAN,Murugan KADARKARA 한국곤충학회 2008 Entomological Research Vol.38 No.2

Oviposition is an important phenomenon of mosquitoes and has recently become the focus in the concept of integrated vector control management. In the present study, we evaluated oviposition deterrent, ovicidal and mortality effects of ethanolic extract of Andrographis paniculata Nees against gravid and oviposited females of Anopheles stephensi Liston. Water treated with the ethanolic extract had a high deterrent activity in ovipositing females: oviposition activity index values for the test species were -0.28, -0.45, -0.49 and -0.59 for extract concentrations of 29, 35, 41 and 46 p.p.m., respectively. High degrees of mortality were observed with various concentrations of extract: 1.12 (control) to 11.70 for gravid females, and 0.65 (control) to 10.25 for oviposited females. The highest mortality in both gravid and oviposited females was observed soon after they came in contact with oviposition medium treated with the extract, and this was found to be significant at doses higher than 35 p.p.m., suggesting possible contact toxicity of the extract. The extract caused moderate ovicidal activity against various age groups of A. stephensi, but it inflicted delayed effects such as high larval, pupal and adult mortality. The age of the eggs and the duration of the extract treatment influenced the ovicidal activity observed. It is clear that ethanolic extract of A. paniculataNees can affect the oviposition cycle of A. stephensi Liston, thereby suppressing the vector populationand adversely influencing transmission of the disease pathogen.

Risk-based remediation of polluted sites: A critical perspective

Kuppusamy, Saranya,Venkateswarlu, Kadiyala,Megharaj, Mallavarapu,Mayilswami, Srinithi,Lee, Yong Bok Elsevier 2017 CHEMOSPHERE - Vol.186 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Sites contaminated with chemical pollutants represent a growing challenge, and remediation of such lands is of international concern. Risk-based land management (RBLM) is an emerging approach that integrates risk assessment practices with more traditional site-specific investigations and remediation activities. Developing countries are yet to adopt RBLM strategies for remediation. RBLM is considered to be practical, scientifically defensible and cost-efficient. However, it is inherently limited by: firstly, the accuracy of risk assessment models used; secondly, ramifications of the fact that they are more likely to leave contamination in place; and thirdly, uncertainties involved and having to consider the total concentrations of all contaminants in soils that overestimate the potential risks from exposure to the contaminants. Consideration of contaminant bioavailability as the underlying basis for risk assessment and setting remediation goals of those contaminated lands that pose a risk to environmental and human health may lead to the development of a more sophisticated risk-based approach. However, employing the bioavailability concept in RBLM has not been extensively studied and/or legalized. This review highlights the extent of global land contamination, and the concept of risk-based assessment and management of contaminated sites including its advantages and disadvantages. Furthermore, the concept of bioavailability-based RBLM strategy has been proposed, and the challenges of RBLM and the priority areas for future research are summarized. Thus, the present review may help achieve a better understanding and successful implementation of a sustainable bioavailability-based RBLM strategy.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Summarized the sources, risks and extent of global land contamination. </LI> <LI> Provided an overview of the risk-based land management (RBLM) approach. </LI> <LI> Proposed explicit incorporation of bioavailability concept in RBLM. </LI> <LI> Indicated the existing challenges in RBLM and need for new risk assessment tools. </LI> <LI> Focused on the priority areas for future research in RBLM. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>

Treating of palm oil mill effluent using <i>Commelina nudiflora</i> mediated copper nanoparticles as a novel bio-control agent

Kuppusamy, Palaniselvam,Ilavenil, Soundharrajan,Srigopalram, Srisesharam,Maniam, Gaanty Pragas,Yusoff, Mashitah M.,Govindan, Natanamurugaraj,Choi, Ki Choon ELSEVIER 2017 JOURNAL OF CLEANER PRODUCTION Vol.141 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Nanoparticles research has been gradually increasing day by day in different aspects due to their potential physico-chemical and biological properties. In the present study, we synthesized ‘green’ copper nanoparticles (CuNPs) using <I>Commelina nudiflora</I> aqueous extract and analysed their biological application on the palm oil mill effluent treatment (POME) and microbial growth control. Synthesized CuNPs were spherical in shape with the average size of 45–100 nm measured by field emission scanning electron microscopy. X-ray diffraction results revealed that the biosynthesized CuNPs were crystalline in nature with higher purity. In addition, we demonstrated the effect of CuNPs on the reduction of COD concentration and microbial populations in the CuNPs treated POME and control samples. The biosynthesized CuNPs were chemically stable with larger surface area and volume ratio resulting significantly reduced the microbial population in CuNPs treated POME. Also, the COD removal efficiency was increased by increasing CuNPs concentrations. The maximum microbial growth control and COD removal were noted at 1000 ppm in the POME waste. The results indicate that CuNPs can be used as a potent source for degrading the organic waste and reducing the microbial growth in the POME waste. Therefore, we suggested that green synthesis of CuNPs could be a major contributor in POME treatment in the near future.</P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>

Long-Term Inorganic Fertilization Effect on the Micronutrient Density in Soil and Rice Grain Cultivated in a South Korean Paddy Field

Kuppusamy, Saranya,Yoon, Young-Eun,Kim, Song Yeob,Kim, Jang Hwan,Lee, Yong Bok Taylor Francis 2017 Communications in soil science and plant analysis Vol.48 No.13

Effects of Lactic Acid Bacteria Inoculants on Fermentation of Low Moisture Fresh Rice Straw Silage at Different Storage Periods

Kuppusamy, Palaniselvam,Soundharrajan, Ilavenil,Park, Hyung Soo,Kim, Ji Hea,Kim, Won Ho,Jung, Jeong Sung,Choi, Ki Choon The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science 2019 한국초지조사료학회지 Vol.39 No.3

The purpose of this study was to analyze the effectiveness of different storage periods of lactic acid bacteria (LAB)-fermented low moisture fresh rice straw silage. The low moisture fresh rice straw sample was inculcated with LAB and stored for different storage periods such as 45, 90, and 365 days, respectively. The low moisture fresh rice straw (LMFRS) silage inoculated with LAB exhibited reduction in pH throughout the fermentation as compared with the control (P<0.05). The lactic acid content was increased at the late fermentation period (90 and 365 days, respectively) in LAB inoculated LMFRS silage as compared with the control (P<0.05). In contrast, the acetic acid and butyric acid concentrations were slightly reduced in the LAB inoculated LMFRS silage sample at 90 and 365 days fermentation, respectively. Meanwhile, the non-inoculated LMFRS silage showed higher amounts of acetic acid and butyric acid at an extended fermentation with low bacterial population as compared with the LAB inoculated LMFRS silage. However, lactic acid concentration was slightly high in the non-inoculated LMFRS silage at early 45 days fermentation. Additionally, the nutrient profile such as crude protein (CP), acid detergent fibre (ADF), neutral detergent fibre (NDF), and total digestibility nutrients (TDN) were not significantly different in control and LAB inculcated samples during all fermentation. Though, the microbial population was greater in the LAB inoculated LMFRS silage as compared with the control. However, the massive population was noted in the LAB inoculated LMFRS silage during all fermentation. It indicates that the inoculated LAB is the main reason for increasing fermentation quality in the sample through pH reduction by organic acids production. Overall results suggest that the LAB inoculums are the effective strain that could be a suitable for LMFRS silage fermentation at prolonged days.